新疆OLR基本特征及强震前的异常现象   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

郭卫英  王琼  高歌  高小其 《地震工程学报》2008,30(2):163-167

利用美国国家环境监测中心的NOAA卫星长波辐射(OLR)月际资料进行数据的月距平、涡度场计算等处理,总结分析了新疆地区长波辐射场的基本特征.对2003年以来新疆及其周边地区发生的中强震进行研究,发现在部分地震前震中及附近地区出现较明显的高值辐射异常,认为这种现象可能与强震前的地一气系统变化有关.应用OLR资料进行新疆地区的地震趋势预测研究可在一定程度上弥补前兆台网监测能力的不足.  相似文献   

Observation of the seasonal evolution of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass in 1996–1998     

S.W. Zhang  Q.Y. Wang  Y. Lü  H. Cui  Y.L. Yuan 《Continental Shelf Research》2008

We use the hydrographic data obtained during the joint survey of the Yellow Sea by the First Institute of Oceanography, China and the Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Korea, to quantify the spatial structures and temporal evolution of the southern Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM). It is indicated that the southern YSCWM is a water mass that develops in summer and decays in fall. In winter, due to the intrusion of the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC), the central area (approximately between 34°N and 35°N, 122°E and 124°E) of the Yellow Sea is mainly occupied by relatively high temperature water (T>10 °C). By contrast, from early summer to fall, under the seasonal thermocline, the central area of Yellow Sea is occupied by cold water (T<10 °C). In summer, the southern YSCWM has two cold cores. One is formed locally southeast of Shandong Peninsula, and the other one has a tongue-like feature occupying the area approximately between 34°N and 37°N, 123°E and 126°E. The bottom layer temperature anomalies from February to July in the cold tongue region, along with the trajectories of the bottom floaters, suggest that the cold water mass in the northeast region has a displacement from the north to the central area of the Yellow Sea during the summer.  相似文献   

Observation of recent tectonic movements by extensometers in the Pannonian Basin     

Gyula Mentes   《Journal of Geodynamics》2008,45(4-5):169-177

In Hungary four extensometric observatories were established in the last two decades. The extensometers were installed primarily for observations of Earth tides. A 15-year continuous data series (1991–2005) was recorded at the Sopronbánfalva station and a 7-year record (1993–1999) was obtained at the Pécs station. The length of the measured continuous data series at the two other stations (Bakonya and Budapest) is only a few years. The long-term data records were also applied to the investigation of long-periodic deformations caused by recent tectonic movements. To get an insight into the present day tectonic processes on the margin of the Pannonian Basin, the measurement results of two additional stations (Vyhne in Slovakia and Beregovo in Ukraine) were also included into the investigations. The seasonal variations in the long data series due to temperature and air pressure effects were eliminated. The residual curve – after the correction of the seasonal effects and filtering the “high frequency” components (e.g. earthquakes, Earth tides, etc.) – contains the instrumental drift. It is impossible to determine this curve mathematically. It can be diminished by special instrumental solutions and by regular calibration of the instruments. This paper shows methods and possible solutions how the instrumental drift was investigated and eliminated in order to get the most reliable data for studying recent tectonic movements. The reliability of the extensometric measurements was tested by the tidal evaluation of the data series. The results of the observations show that the Pannonian Basin is under compressive stress. The strain rates measured by extensometers on the margin of the basin are about three orders of magnitude higher than the intra-plate strains obtained by GPS measurements. The reason for this large difference arises from the interaction between the plate boundary and intra-plate forces and from the different measurement techniques. Investigations showed that the rate of the tectonic movements varies, and depends on the local geographical and topographical conditions.  相似文献   

Phytoplankton biomass size structure and its regulation in the Southern Yellow Sea (China): Seasonal variability   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Mingzhu Fu  Zongling Wang  Yan Li  Ruixiang Li  Ping Sun  Xiuhua Wei  Xuezheng Lin  Jingsong Guo 《Continental Shelf Research》2009,29(18):2178-2194

Phytoplankton size structure plays a significant role in controlling the carbon flux of marine pelagic ecosystems. The mesoscale distribution and seasonal variation of total and size-fractionated phytoplankton biomass in surface waters, as measured by chlorophyll a (Chl a), was studied in the Southern Yellow Sea using data from four cruises during 2006–2007. The distribution of Chl a showed a high degree of spatial and temporal variation in the study area. Chl a concentrations were relatively high in the summer and autumn, with a mean of 1.42 and 1.27 mg m⁻³, respectively. Conversely, in the winter and spring, the average Chl a levels were only 0.98 and 0.99 mg m⁻³. Total Chl a showed a clear decreasing gradient from coastal areas to the open sea in the summer, autumn and winter cruises. Patches of high Chl a were observed in the central part of the Southern Yellow Sea in the spring due to the onset of the phytoplankton bloom. The eutrophic coastal waters contributed at least 68% of the total phytoplankton biomass in the surface layer. Picophytoplankton showed a consistent and absolute dominance in the central region of the Southern Yellow Sea (>40%) in all of the cruises, while the proportion of microphytoplankton was the highest in coastal waters. The relative proportions of pico- and nanophytoplankton decreased with total biomass, whereas the proportion of the micro-fraction increased with total biomass. Relationships between phytoplankton biomass and environmental factors were also analysed. The results showed that the onset of the spring bloom was highly dependent on water column stability. Phytoplankton growth was limited by nutrient availability in the summer due to the strong thermocline. The combined effects of P-limitation and vertical mixing in the autumn restrained the further increase of phytoplankton biomass in the surface layer. The low phytoplankton biomass in winter was caused by vertical dispersion due to intense mixing. Compared with the availability of nutrients, temperature did not seem to cause direct effects on phytoplankton biomass and its size structure. Although interactions of many different environmental factors affected phytoplankton distributions, hydrodynamic conditions seemed to be the dominant factor. Phytoplankton size structure was determined mainly by the size-differential capacity in acquiring resource. Short time scale events, such as the spring bloom and the extension of Yangtze River plume, can have substantial influences, both on the total Chl a concentration and on the size structure of the phytoplankton.  相似文献   

体应变日常观测资料浅析     

刘冰冰  蔡宏雷  郑国栋  宣立成  张宇 《东北地震研究》2009,25(3):28-36

本文通过对长春净月地震台TJ-ⅡC型体应变仪观测资料（从安装初期到正常工作及记录到大量应变地震波）的分析,针对台站观测工作中遇到的实际问题（漂移、突跳、阶跃、地震异常及干扰）,对各种现象作了较为系统的归纳。如何正确理解这些丰富的信息,是准确识别震前异常的前提和基础。如何将干扰因素与地震前兆异常进行区分,将其从观测资料中剔除,将成为今后很长一段时间内台站工作的重中之重。  相似文献   

缓解深厚软基桥头跳车两种方法的现场试验     

金小荣  俞建霖  龚晓南  朱建才 《煤田地质与勘探》2006,34(3):58-61

分别采用真空联合堆载和低强度混凝土桩复合地基处理深厚软基,成功解决了桥头段软基处理中的桥头跳车问题。介绍了两种软基处理方法的地基承载力、沉降和分层沉降等现场测试成果,并对两种处理方法的加固效果和相关经济指标进行了比较分析。   相似文献   

摩擦材料的位移间断条件研究     

赵纪生  陶夏新  师黎静 《岩土力学》2006,27(11):2037-2040

应用势能变分原理导出了位移间断条件,它仅与材料的强度有关。同时也建立了位移间断条件与控制方程解丧失唯一性之间的联系,探讨了两者之间的异同,明确了两者等效的范围。研究结果表明：解的唯一性丧失是应用本构算子和声学张量来讨论材料刚度劣化造成的稳定问题,其条件应该等效于位移间断条件,但它没有用强度条件表示的位移间断直接,尤其是在材料的试验破坏强度明确时。  相似文献   

三江平原气候突变分析   总被引：47，自引：13，他引：34  

闫敏华  邓伟  陈泮勤 《地理科学》2003,23(6):661-667

采用累积距平法、J_y参数法和Mann-Kendall法联合检测1955~2000年三江平原气候变化过程中的突变现象,讨论了引发三江平原气候突变的可能原因。分析发现,三江平原年降水量在20世纪60年代发生了减少突变;而三江平原在20世纪70年代和80年代连续两次经历的增温突变,使其气温变化与东北北部平原其它地区明显不同;年日照时数和平均风速的减少突变均发生在20世纪80年代。总体来看,三江平原气候变化在20世纪80年代最明显。  相似文献   

近四十年季度天气趋势预报研究与实践的进展     

徐群 《气象科学》2000,21(3):302-308

本文总结了作者近４０年在季度天气趋势预报研究与实践的历程和主要进展。六十年代提出并利用中高纬和低纬前期大气环流特征与夏季江淮流域旱涝趋势的隔季遥联制作预报,８０年代补进一步考虑外在因子影响改进为“前期物理成因综合相似法”：１９６８～８７这２０年长江中下游夏季旱涝趋势预报取得较好成绩。随后的预报实践表明,因全球气候异常增长,预报难度有所增大。１９９５年开始建立一种短期气候系统多变因子的物理一统计预报  相似文献   

1961—2017年中国华东区域高空温度变化特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

支星  谈建国  孙兰东 《气象与环境学报》2021,37(2):48-55

利用中国华东六省一市13个探空站1961—2017年高空温度数据,对850 hPa、500 hPa、200 hPa高空温度的时间变化特征和空间变化特征进行分析,结果表明：1961—2017年中国华东区域对流层中下层增温趋势明显,向上增温趋势减弱,对流层顶增温趋势有所增强。850 hPa、500 hPa温度的年代际变化均呈现出先降低后升高的趋势,而200 hPa温度的年代际变化则呈现持续升高的趋势。秋、冬季在各个层次上均为显著的增温趋势,冬季的增温趋势明显大于其他季节,500 hPa春季和200 hPa夏季有微弱的降温趋势。不同层次年平均气温的空间分布均有明显的南北差异,且随着高度的增加,南北平均温差先增大后减小。850 hPa、500 hPa年平均温度的空间变化趋势一定程度上呈现出华东沿海地区增温趋势大于内陆的特征,200 hPa则呈现华东南部的增温趋势大于北部的特征。850 hPa各季节呈现出中国华东沿海地区增温、内陆增温趋势不如沿海地区或内陆呈现降温趋势,500 hPa的春季和200 hPa的夏、秋季则呈现出中国华东南部地区增温、北部地区降温的趋势。  相似文献