Integration of European habitat monitoring based on plant life form composition as an indicator of environmental change and change in biodiversity     

Margit Bloch-Petersen  Jesper Brandt  Martin Olsen 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2013,113(2):61-74

Geografisk Tidsskrift, Danish Journal of Geography 106(2): 61–74, 2006

During the last 25 years a number of European countries have developed general landscape monitoring systems. In the agricultural landscapes of Denmark the Small Biotope Monitoring Program (SBMP). which focuses on the dynamics of small biotopes and their relation to changes in agricultural technology and structural characteristics, has been developed since 1981. Erom 2007, the SBMP will continue as part of the Danish nature monitoring program, NOVANA.

In Europe, during the last 10 years, several national landscape surveys have cooperated to develop a European platform for consistent landscape related habitat monitoring. This has been through the BioHab Concerted Action Framework Programme of the EU (2002–2005), and the resulting publication of a handbook for recording and monitoring habitats (Bunce et al., 2005). The focus on environmentally conditioned habitat changes at a landscape level has led to the re-introduction of Raunkiaer's plant life form concept. This approach enables the indication of changes in biodiversity based on alterations in general habitat composition and quality.

Although the objectives of the SBMP and the BioHab projects have been somewhat different, the methodologies have much in common. In this paper the background and perspectives of the two approaches are discussed, and a test of the BioHab field methodology in an area previously monitored by the SBMP is presented. It was found not to be difficult to integrate the BioHab field recording methodology with the existing SBMP methods, thus permitting the SBMP to deliver an additional European perspective, with relatively little additional effort.  相似文献   

地震电磁卫星地面传输系统简介     

吉祥  申旭辉  张景发  洪顺英  荆凤 《防灾减灾学报》2013,(4):40-44

开展天地一体化地震观测是目前推动地震短临科学研究取得突破的重要途径之一。以卫星观测为主要手段的空间对地观测技术是实现对我国及临区进行地震电磁效应高精度、大范围和大动态连续观测的有效途径,并且为地震短临预报开创空基监测的新思路。地面传输系统是连接地震电磁卫星各应用系统之间的重要桥梁和纽带。它的科学设计是地震电磁卫星项目建设的基础。本文拟从国内外发展现状、系统建设指导思想、系统组成、链路功能描述、系统运行性能指标等方面对我国即将建设的地震电磁卫星地面传输系统进行简要分析介绍,从而为地震电磁卫星地面传输系统初步设计的完成提供一个基本框架。  相似文献   

后牛顿近似下旋转椭球体的内外度规     

成浩  宋国玄  黄珹 《天文学报》2007,48(1):60-70

在后牛顿近似下,得到由均匀不可压缩理想流体在刚体自转下形成的扁球体的内外度规．对由后牛顿效应产生的度规分量利用椭球坐标系及级数展开求得解析解．对这一具体问题,在级数展开中仅存若干项,因此结果有可能用于这一度规下粒子运动的研究．  相似文献   

改进的Seam Carving瞬时频率估计算法研究     

赵晓平  吴家新  周子贤 《南京气象学院学报》2017,9(2):214-219

旋转机械升降速阶段微弱振动信号具有潜在性和动态响应的微弱性等特点,因此瞬时频率是限制早期故障诊断发展的关键问题.针对这一问题,该文引入了图像处理领域的Seam Carving（SC）算法,并对SC算法进行改进,结合短时傅里叶变换（Short-Time Fourier Transformation,STFT）,提出了STFT-SC瞬时频率估计算法.STFT-SC算法采用STFT对振动信号进行时频分析,然后利用Seam Carving算法中的能量梯度,采用动态规划的思想寻求seam路径,实现了旋转机械振动信号的一阶瞬时频率提取,最后对一阶时频数据进行时域重构,将重构的时域信号和仿真信号进行相关性分析.结果表明,STFT-SC算法对于高噪声、邻近阶比等振动信号都具有非常好的效果.  相似文献   

Efficient slope reliability analysis at low-probability levels in spatially variable soils     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2016

  相似文献   

Bender-based G0 measurements: A coupled numerical–experimental approach     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2016

Bender elements are shear wave transducers, widely used for the experimental identification of the small-strain shear moduli of geomaterials. They offer good coupling with the sample and controllable loading signal and frequency, but some of their design and signal interpretation features are still under investigation. The research of these features has been approached mainly on experimental grounds and, in most cases, the conclusions were not consensual. This study aims at laying the foundations for a coupled, numerical–experimental approach to the problem. It uses hybrid-Trefftz finite elements to model the bender element test and the output signal obtained in the laboratory to validate the model.Two main reasons justify the choice of the hybrid-Trefftz finite elements. First, hybrid-Trefftz elements are considerably less wavelength-sensitive than conforming displacement elements. This feature endorses the use of the same (coarse) mesh for modelling waves of very different types and frequencies, thus eliminating the need for time-consuming mesh refinements. Second, hybrid-Trefftz elements use physically meaningful approximation bases. This feature enables the numerical filtration of the spurious compression waves propagating laterally from the emitter and of their reflections from the envelope of the sample. Hybrid-Trefftz finite elements are shown to recover adequately the output signal obtained experimentally, for pulse excitations of various frequencies and two sets of boundary conditions. The decomposition of the output signal into its shear and compression components endorses the clear identification of the shear wave arrival and the amount of compression wave pollution.  相似文献   

Potential loess landslide deformation monitoring using L-band SAR interferometry     

Yuzhou Liu  Xuguo Shi  Lu Zhang  Cory Cunningham 《地球空间信息科学学报》2016,19(4):273-277

Multi-temporal InSAR technique can implement continuous earth surface deformation detection with long time scale and wide geographical coverage. In this paper, we first employ the Small Baseline Subset method to survey potential landslides in Guide County, Qinghai Province, which is identified as a loess landslide prone area for geological and climate conditions. Two anomalous deformation regions are detected by L-band Phased Array and L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar stacks. Then, qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the measuring points are given for understanding the distribution regularity of deformation. Finally, preliminary correlation between the time-series deformation and triggering factors is analyzed to explore the driving mechanism for landslide movement. The results demonstrate that L-band SAR has high potential in landslide monitoring applications and can be used as the basis for landslide recognizing, precursory information extracting, and early warning.  相似文献   

Place of life stories in labour geography: Why does it matter?     

《Geoforum》2016

Labour geography foregrounds the role of workers in shaping geographies of work by paying attention to the larger actions of labour in response to the capital and state. It however pays less attention to the everyday geographies of labour and the complexities of the ‘social being’ in trying to understand workers motivations and responses. This review argues for labour geography to look beyond the factory gates to understand the nuanced politics of labour as relations get ‘reworked’ within a patriarchal-capitalist society. It argues for paying close attention to the life stories and experiences of workers, to create linkages between lives as waged workers in a formal workspace with the informal nature of work-life outside, without losing sight of the larger struggles of labour and global processes, to develop a more grounded understanding of worker’s agency and actions.  相似文献   

Big data and the historical sciences: A critique     

《Geoforum》2016

Social media, government, industry and science use data in the same way, through the pursuit of correlations in large data sets. As this critique shows, however, there is greater dialogue about the potential pitfalls of Big Data and the Big Data Cycle in non-historical science fields, such as medicine and advertising. Pitfalls, such as the Big Data Hubris, the Filter Bubble and correlation superseding causation, are discussed in relation to the historical sciences.  相似文献   

The role of voluntary commitments in realizing the promise of the Blue Economy     

《Global Environmental Change》2021

Voluntary (or non-binding) commitments offer an action-oriented mechanism for addressing interconnected, complex and pressing issues. Though not designed to replace negotiated or binding outcomes, voluntary commitments can offer a critical tool in currently ungoverned or under-governed systems. The Blue Economy is an example of a rapidly evolving agenda where formal governance arrangements are at best nascent, in part due to the trans-border nature of issues and prominent involvement of multiple types of actors. As such voluntary commitments provide an important mechanism through which to monitor the evolution of the concept and identify gaps or shortfalls in its implementation. Our analysis of global voluntary commitments on the Blue Economy made to recent high-profile ocean futures meetings, found a trend towards capacity development, research, and investment in emerging and larger scale sectors such as offshore aquaculture and renewable energy. A concurrent focus was on securitizing, regulating or diverting effort from historically significant fisheries sectors. European organizations are playing a dominant role in Blue Economy commitments, with a notable absence of commitments from major Blue Economy powers such as China and India. We identify a number of gaps and shortfalls, particularly in relation to active consideration of social equity in the Blue Economy. We identify a range of recommendations on how these deficiencies may be addressed through a greater focus on a broader suite of objectives and a more inclusive approach to ocean meetings.  相似文献