Numerical Modeling of a Round Jet Discharged into Random Waves     

Y.P. Chen  C.W. Li  C.K. Zhang 《Ocean Engineering》2008,35(1):77-89

Coastal disposal of waste water can be idealized as the problem of a jet under random waves. Understanding of this phenomenon is important for engineering design and environmental impact assessment. The present study aims to simulate such phenomenon by using a 3D numerical model based on the solution of the spatially filtered and σ-transformed Navier–Stokes equations with dynamic sub-grid scale model of turbulence. The numerical solution procedures are split into three steps: advection, diffusion and pressure propagation, and a Lagrange–Euler method is used to track the free surface. Cases of vertical jet in stagnant water, pure random waves and vertical jet in random waves are simulated with the same grid system for comparative study. Different methods of generating jet inflow turbulence have been tested and the method of jet azimuthal modes is found to be the optimum. The numerical results reproduce the distinct characteristics of jet in waves, including faster decay of centerline velocity, wider lateral spreading and the occurrence of wave tractive mechanism.  相似文献   

An N-shape thermal front in the western South Yellow Sea in winter     

王凡  刘传玉 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):898-906

An N-shape thermal front in the western South Yellow Sea (YS) in winter was detected using Advanced Very High Resolution Radiation (AVHRR) Sea Surface Temperature data and in-situ observations with a merged front-detecting method. The front, which exists from late October through early March, consists of western and eastern wings extending roughly along the northeast-southwest isobaths with a southeastward middle segment across the 20–50 m isobaths. There are north and south inflexions connecting the middle segment with the western and eastern wings, respectively. The middle segment gradually moves southwestward from November through February with its length increasing from 62 km to 107 km and the southern inflexion moving from 36.2°N to 35.3°N. A cold tongue is found to coexist with the N-shape front, and is carried by the coastal jet penetrating southward from the tip of the Shandong Peninsula into the western South YS as revealed by a numerical simulation. After departing from the coast, the jet flows as an anti-cyclonic recirculation below 10 m depth, trapping warmer water originally carried by the compensating Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC). A northwestward flowing branch of the YSWC is also found on the lowest level south of the front. The N-shape front initially forms between the cold tongue and warm water involved in the subsurface anti-cyclonical recirculation and extends upwards to the surface through vertical advection and mixing. Correlation analyses reveal that northerly and easterly winds tend to be favorable to the formation and extension of the N-shape front probably through strengthening of the coastal jet and shifting the YSWC pathway eastward, respectively.  相似文献   

Experimental Study on Reaction Thrust Characteristics of Water Jet for Conical Nozzle     

黄国勤  李晓辉  朱玉泉  聂松林 《中国海洋工程》2009,23(4):669-678

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Numerical Simulation on the Formation of Mesoscale Vortex in Col Field   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

JIANG Yongqiang  WANG Yuan 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2012,26(1):112-128

There exist typically two kinds of low-level col fields over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River of China during summer.One is associated with the mesoscale vortex embedded in the Meiyu f...  相似文献   

The East Asian Upper-Tropospheric Jet Streams and Associated Transient Eddy Activities Simulated by a Climate System Model BCC_CSM1.1          下载免费PDF全文

XIAO Chuliang  ZHANG Yaocun 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2012,26(6):700-716

In this paper, major features of the upper-tropospheric jet streams simulated by a coupled Climate System Model BCC_CSM1.1 are evaluated through comparison with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. The jet streams consist of the East Asian subtropical jet (EASJ) and the East Asian polar-front jet (EAPJ). Associated stationary wave and synoptic-scale transient eddy activities (STEA) are also examined. The results show that the climatological positions of the westerly jet streams are well captured by BCC_CSM1.1, but with slight intensity biases. Statistics from the 6-h model outputs reveal that the jet core number (JCN) of ESPJ is significantly underestimated. Examination of the simulated seasonal evolution of the westerly jet stream indicates that the model has produced a westward movement of the EASJ core in May, one month earlier than that in the reanalysis. Analysis of stationary wave activities shows that the overestimated meridional wind component may have caused considerable enhancement of meridional momentum and heat transport. The stationary Rossby wave represented by the wave activity flux at the southern flank of the Tibetan Plateau is favorable to the growth of asymmetric zonal wind and the multiple-center pattern of JCN. Unlike the stationary wave heat flux transport, the model tends to systematically generate weaker transient heat flux over East Asia. Further analysis of STEA exhibits a general consistent pattern between the simulation and the reanalysis, while the intensity of the northern STEA branch associated with the EAPJ is greatly reduced. The deficiencies of eddy momentum and heat flux transport and accompanied eddy forcing may contribute to the biases of the simulated upper-tropospheric jet streams, suggesting the potential importance of midlatitude internal atmospheric dynamics in shaping the tropospheric general circulation, which is not yet fully and accurately resolved in the current BCC_CSM1.1.  相似文献   

2007年7月新疆三次暴雨过程的水汽特征分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

杨莲梅  张云惠  汤浩 《高原气象》2012,31(4):963-973

利用新疆99个气象站日降水量资料和NECP/NCAR一天4次1°×1°再分析资料,分析了2007年7月8-11日、15-17日和27-29日新疆3次暴雨过程的水汽输送和收支特征。雨型I(8-11日)的雨带位于天山山区及其北麓,雨型II(15-17日)的雨带位于新疆东部地区,雨型III(27-29日)的雨带位于天山以北的北疆地区。结果表明,这3种典型雨型的水汽输送路径有明显的差异,雨型I存在西风气流、河西走廊至新疆的低空偏东急流和青藏高原向北气流3支水汽输送路径,西方路径水汽输送量最大,这3支水汽输送气流在天山山区及其北麓强辐合并引发暴雨。这是由700hPa贝加尔湖脊发展、对流层中亚低涡强烈发展、快速东移和500hPa新疆脊逐渐东移所造成的。雨型II的水汽输送为西方、东方、南方和北方路径,4支水汽在东—西向和南—北向强辐合并引发暴雨。这种异常的水汽输送是由700hPa柴达木低压发展、500hPa乌拉尔脊东北向发展、中亚低涡东南移动和新疆脊配置所致。雨型III主要为西风气流和贝加尔湖至新疆低空偏东急流输送水汽,东、西方水汽在天山以北区域发生强辐合并造成暴雨,偏东水汽输送来自于贝加尔湖、孟加拉湾、南海和热带西太平洋,其水汽输送量大于西方路径。这种异常水汽输送是由中亚低涡东移、西太平洋副热带高压北伸与贝加尔湖脊叠加且贝加尔湖脊西伸配置所造成的。  相似文献   

西北地区东部两次典型大暴雨个例对比分析   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

梁生俊  马晓华 《气象》2012,38(7):804-813

利用常规高空地面资料、陕西省自动站逐时降水资料及NCEP1°×1°再分析资料,分别对2010年7月23—24日（"0723"）和2011年7月28—29日（"0728"）两次暴雨过程做了对比分析。结果表明:相对稳定的环流形势是两次大暴雨发生发展的有利背景;"0723"大暴雨发生前期低空急流就已建立,"0728"过程中伴随低空急流的形成,高空急流增强转竖,强降水发生;"0723"大暴雨期间热带低压"灿都"东侧偏南气流沿副高外围形成了一条宽而强的水汽输送通道,将南海大量的水汽和能量直接输送到陕西,"0728"大暴雨期间热带风暴"洛坦"北部的偏东南气流沿副高外围与孟加拉湾的西南气流合并后经华南、华中输送至暴雨区上空;两次过程期间陕西省均应于θ_sc高值区;两次过程均有干冷空气入侵、位涡扰动沿θ_se密集区下滑的现象。位涡随时间的变化与强降水随时间的变化几乎保持一致,化涡大值的出现预示着强降水的发生。  相似文献   

2011年7月24—25日呼伦贝尔市强降雨天气过程分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王晓丽  李扬  王佳  都尼雅 《内蒙古气象》2012,(3):3-6,28

利用常规气象资料、多普勒雷达资料和红外云图资料,对2011年7月24—25日呼伦贝尔市一次强降雨天气过程进行成因分析。结果表明：当鄂霍次克海阻塞高压强盛西伸并稳定少动,形成强大的阻挡系统时,使得西来低槽在我市西部停滞少动为强降水发生提供了有利的环流背景。中低层深厚的湿层以及西南低空急流为强降水提供充沛的水汽及能量条件。地面冷锋位置适宜且稳定少动为强降水提供了冷暖空气的触发条件。本地强对流天气潜势指数都充分表明层结的不稳定。卫星云图及雷达产品均有一定的指示意义。  相似文献   

中国地区低空急流研究进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

赛瀚  苗峻峰 《气象科技》2012,40(5):766-771

概述了近40年来中国地区低空急流的研究成果,重点就我国低空急流的结构特征、可能机制及其对强对流天气的影响等进行了分析和总结,包括对低空急流按所在高度和风向两种方式进行分类、低空急流的空间分布和形成原因等.最后指出了目前研究的局限性及有待于进一步研究的问题,在我国针对低空急流本身结构特征的研究相对较少,应加强这方面的研究.  相似文献   

广西一次持续性强降雨过程成因分析     

覃昌柳  黎惠金 《气象与环境科学》2012,35(1):26-31

利用常规气象资料和NCEP再分析资料,从前期天气背景、大气环流演变及产生持续性强降雨的动力、热力和水汽等条件,分析了2008年6月广西出现的一次持续性强降雨过程。结果发现：这次持续性强降雨过程期间,500hPa环流形势稳定,高空西风小槽呈阶梯状持续下滑影响广西,不断诱发暴雨出现;200hPa广西处于南亚高压东部脊区和高空西风急流出口区右方,风速辐散明显,在高低空急流耦合作用下,华南出现了正反两支垂直环流,广西上空辐合上升运动明显,为强降雨的出现提供了极好的动力条件;南海季风暴发和副热带高压在华南沿海的稳定维持,使得华南低空形成了印度洋和南海两吏水汽通道,为暴雨区上空提供了源源不断的水汽;高温、高湿、高能的热力条件,有利于扰动的形成和对流不稳定能量产生,为广西持续性暴雨提供了必要的能量条件。  相似文献