排序方式： 共有36条查询结果，搜索用时 171 毫秒
31.
Probabilistic Flood Prediction in the Upper Huaihe Catchment Using TIGGE Data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 ZHAO Linn QI Dan TIAN Fuyou WU Hao DI Jingyue WANG Zhi LI Aihua 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2012,26(1):62-71
Based on the precipitation and temperature data obtained from THORPEX (The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment) Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE)-China Meteorological Administration (CMA) archiving center and the raingauge data,the three-layer variable infiltration capacity (VIC-3L) land surface model was employed to carry out probabilistic hydrological forecast experiments over the upper Huaihe River catchment from 20 July to 3 August 2008.The results show that the performance of the ensemble probabilistic prediction from each ensemble prediction system (EPS) is better than that of the deterministic prediction.Especially,the 72-h prediction has been improved obviously.The ensemble spread goes widely with increasing lead time and more observed discharge is bracketed in the 5th-99th quantile.The accuracy of river discharge prediction driven by the European Centre (EC)-EPS is higher than that driven by the CMA-EPS and the US National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)-EPS,and the grand-ensemble prediction is the best for hydrological prediction using the VIC model.With regard to Wangjiaba station,all predictions made with a single EPS are close to the observation between the 25th and 75th quantile.The onset of the flood ascending and the river discharge thresholds are predicted well,and so is the second rising limb.Nevertheless,the flood recession is not well predicted. 相似文献
32.
Synoptic verification of medium-extended-range forecasts of the Northwest Pacific subtropical high （NWPSH） and South Asian high （SAH） is performed for the summers of 2010-2012 using TIGGE data from four operational centers at the CMA,ECMWF,JMA,and NCEP.The overall activities of the NW-PSH and SAH are examined along with their local characteristics such as the spatial coverage of each high in the East Asian key area （10°-40°N,105°-130°E）,the mean position of the ridge of each high over 110°-122.5°E,the westward extent of the NWPSH ridge,and the eastward extent of the SAH ridge.Focus on the NWPSH and SAH is justified because these two systems have pronounced influences on the summertime persistent heavy rainfall in China.Although the overall activities of both highs are reproduced reasonably well in the TIGGE data,their spatial coverages are reduced in the East Asian key area and both of them are weaker compared with observations.On average,their ridges shift more northward relative to observations.The NWPSH ridge is less westward while the SAH ridge is generally more eastward early in the forecast but too westward later in the forecast.The JMA ensemble prediction system （EPS） produces the best mediumrange （1-10 days） forecasts of the NWPSH based on these metrics,while the ECMWF EPS produces the best medium-range forecasts of the SAH and the most reliable extended-range （11-15 days） forecasts of both highs.Forecasts of the spatial coverage of both highs in the East Asian key area and the mean positions of the ridges are generally valid out to lead times of 7-12 days.By contrast,forecasts of the longitudinal extent of the ridges are typically only valid to lead times of 5-7 days.All the four operational centers＇ models produce excellent forecasts of the mean zonal position of the SAH ridge.The ensemble mean forecast is more reliable than the control forecast over the areas where the NWPSH （20°-30°N,135°-165°E） and SAH （23°-30°N,70°-100°E） are most active.Forecasts of both highs have advantages and disadvantages in the peripheral areas away from their respective center of high activity. 相似文献
33.
基于TIGGE资料的沂沭河流域6小时降水集合预报能力分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
全球多模式集合预报(TIGGE)资料为发展局地水文风险预报方法提供了新基础。对不同预报系统的集合预报资料进行评价与对比,可为综合应用多源资料实现超集合预报提供参考。本文以沂沭河流域内10个站点观测降水作为参照,对2007～2010年7、8、9月中BABJ(北京)、ECMF(欧洲)、EGRR(英国)、RJTD(日本)和KWBC(美国NCEP)五种预报模式的6h集合预报降水做了相关系数、均方根误差、Nash效率系数、TS评分(风险评分)和Brier评分等定量评估和对比。对于各模式集合平均预报,EGRR表现最好,4日预见期内的相关系数达0.48,Nash系数为0.21,BABJ最差,其他三模式预报能力相当。对于确定的控制性预报,4日预见期内RJTD表现最优,相关系数为0.19,Nash系数为0.13,其次为BABJ和EGRR。各模式集合平均与控制性预报相比,预报能力都占绝对优势,而多模式集合平均其预报能力又强于任何单模式集合平均。在4日预见期内,多模式平均的相关系数达0.49,Nash系数达0.24。在不同百分位阈值下TS评分和Brier评分也表明了类似的各模式评比结果,但多模式平均虽然在较低阈值下评分较优,但不占据绝对优势。各中心资料均具有一个随预见时长增加的稳定衰减期,其中EGRR衰减期最长(达9天)且最为稳定,而其他资料则存在不同稳定程度的衰减,稳定衰减期都能持续4天以上。各中心资料对较大降水的预报还存在各自不同的系统性偏差。 相似文献
34.
利用观测系统研究与可预报性试验的交互式全球大集合系统(TIGGE),对中国夏季南方强降水高影响天气过程,进行了可预报性研究.选取2008年6月中下旬中国南方地区持续性强降雨过程作为典型个例,对TIGGE的天气形势等预报,进行了详细的检验.结果显示,500 hPa上位于中国北部地区的阻塞高压及其西侧的低槽为本次过程的关键系统,对降水过程起到决定性作用.检验结果表明,TIGGE对关键系统的预报,普遍出现强度偏弱位置偏西的问题.ECMWF对500 hPa高度场预报最优,而850 hPa的比湿则是NCEP最佳,但多中心大集合预报则保持较好优势,对各单中心有不同程度的改善作用,而TIGGE对于这类灾害性天气的10 d的预报能力有限. 相似文献
35.
清江流域降水的多模式BMA概率预报试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于TIGGE资料中的ECMWF、UKMO、JMA、CMA四套模式的2016年6月1至7月31日逐日降水集合预报资料,结合清江流域10个国家基准站观测数据,建立了流域贝叶斯模型平均(BMA)概率预报模型,开展流域多模式集合BMA技术的概率预报试验与评估。结果表明,在清江流域多模式集合的BMA模型最佳滑动训练期长度为40 d,BMA模型预报比原始集合预报有更高预报技巧,比四个原始集合预报MAE平均值减少近11%左右,而对于CRPS除了CMA中心无订正效果外,较其他三个模式平均值提高近15%左右。多模式集合BMA技术能预报降水全概率PDF曲线和大于某个降水量级的概率,同时能给出确定性降水预报,对于极端强降水(大暴雨一特大暴雨量级),BMA 75～90百分位数预报效果较好,对于强降水(暴雨量级),BMA 50～75百分位数预报效果较好,对于一般性降水(小雨一大雨量级),BMA确定性预报结果或50百分位数预报效果较好。 相似文献
36.
利用2011年3月—2013年2月TIGGE资料中ECMWF,NCEP及CMA 3个中心的500 hPa位势高度场、850 hPa温度场和海平面气压场的集合预报资料,采用Jumpiness指数同时结合单点跳跃、异号两点跳跃等预报跳跃相关概念,研究了集合控制预报和集合平均预报的预报跳跃特征问题,并进行对比分析。结果表明:平均而言,短时效预报之间的跳跃性低于长时效预报之间的跳跃性。集合平均预报的结果之间较其相应的控制预报具有更好的一致性。在预报跳跃的频率统计方面,集合平均预报结果总体上明显低于集合控制预报,两者在长时效的预报跳跃情况差别较大。该文研究了预报跳跃对不同区域、时间和变量的敏感性,结果表明:时间平均的预报跳跃性对区域和变量很敏感。不同预报跳跃类型出现的频率及集合控制预报和集合平均预报在预报跳跃性方面的差异对区域、时间和变量的敏感性有限。 相似文献