阻尼系数对瞬变电磁观测信号的影响特征   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王华军 《地球物理学报》2010,53(2):428-434

通过对瞬变电磁接收线圈等效电路的深入分析,研究了接收系统分布参数与阻尼系数之间的关系,研究了不同阻尼系数瞬变电磁接收系统的性能特征：幅频特性、截止频率、冲激响应及阶跃响应,探讨了接收系统对地下地质体瞬变响应信号的影响特征,最后给出了实时计算临界阻尼电阻的方法.  相似文献   

瞬变电磁虚拟波场的三维曲面延拓成像   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

李貅  戚志鹏  薛国强  范涛  朱宏伟 《地球物理学报》2010,53(12):3005-3011

根据瞬变电磁场扩散方程与波动方程间存在的数学对应形式,将已知瞬变电磁场数据转换为虚拟波场数据,在此基础上,提出了用克希霍夫积分法将所转换的波场从地面向地下反向延拓的方法.在延拓的数值计算中,为提高计算效率,采用三维边界元技术,把边界积分分解为诸三角单元积分的积分之和, 建立了曲面延拓方程式;通过地面测点的波场值,求出地下某一点的波场值,实现了地表为曲面的向下延拓成像计算.通过对理论模型计算和实际资料处理,证明了该方法可以增强瞬变电磁法识别地下电性分界面的能力,使瞬变电磁法对地下目标体的三维精细探测成为可能.  相似文献   

Quantifying the effect of in-stream rock clasts on the retardation of heat along a stream     

M.C. Westhoff  T.A. BogaardH.H.G. Savenije 《Advances in water resources》2010

With the introduction of Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) into the field of hydrology, temperature has become a powerful tracer in both space and time. However, the interpretation of the observed temperature signal is often not straightforward due to its non-conservative behavior. The objective of this research is to explore and quantify the retardation of heat along a small first order stream, with the long-term objective of identifying different runoff mechanisms by using heat as a tracer.  相似文献   

Estimating longitudinal dispersion in rivers using Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers     

Chaopeng Shen  Jie Niu  Eric J. Anderson  Mantha S. Phanikumar 《Advances in water resources》2010

The longitudinal dispersion coefficient (D) is an important parameter needed to describe the transport of solutes in rivers and streams. The dispersion coefficient is generally estimated from tracer studies but the method can be expensive and time consuming, especially for large rivers. A number of empirical relations are available to estimate the dispersion coefficient; however, these relations are known to produce estimates within an order of magnitude of the tracer value. The focus of this paper is on using the shear-flow dispersion theory to directly estimate the dispersion coefficient from velocity measurements obtained using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP). Using tracer and hydrodynamic data collected within the same river reaches, we examined conditions under which the ADCP and tracer methods produced similar results. Since dead zones / transient storage (TS) are known to influence the dispersion coefficient, we assessed the relative importance of dead zones in different stream reaches using two tracer-based approaches: (1) TS modeling which explicitly accounts for dead zones and (2) the advection–dispersion equation (ADE) which does not have separate terms for dead zones. Dispersion coefficients based on the ADE tend to be relatively high as they describe some of the effects of dead zones as well. Results based on the ADCP method were found to be in good agreement with the ADE estimates indicating that storage zones play an important role in the estimated dispersion coefficients, especially at high flows. For the river sites examined in this paper, the tracer estimates of dispersion were close to the median values of the ADCP estimates obtained from multiple datasets within a reach. The ADCP method appears to be an excellent alternative to the traditional tracer-based method if care is taken to avoid spurious data and multiple datasets are used to compute a distance-weighted average or other appropriate measure that represents reach-averaged conditions.  相似文献   

Paramater regimes for studying isolated eddies     

Peter D. Killworth  Michael K. Davey 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(4):225-264

Abstract

The parameter ranges relevant to propagating oceanic eddies are explored with a view to simplifying the equation sets previously used to simulate such eddies. The reduced gravity shallow-water model is used as a starting point. We consider eddies whose width is of the same order as, or somewhat larger than, the Rossby deformation radius. Two model equations emerge from these scalings, both permitting modon solutions and easy numerical integration. Both, too, give fair simulations of the shallow-water model, but disagree in details.

Using another approach, an ad hoc vortex model is used to predict the path of an eddy. This also gives a fair but not perfect simulation of the one-layer results. It appears that the only ideal way to reproduce primitive equation results accurately is to use the primitive equations themselves.  相似文献   

考虑关断时间的回线源激发TEM三维时域有限差分正演   总被引：14，自引：9，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

孙怀凤  李貅  李术才  戚志鹏  王祎鹏  苏茂鑫  薛翊国  刘斌 《地球物理学报》2013,56(3):1049-1064

从麦克斯韦旋度方程出发可以直接导出瞬变电磁场扩散方程,然而扩散方程不含电场对时间的一阶导数,不能构成显式的时域有限差分方程,借鉴du Fort-Frankel有限差分离散方法引入虚拟位移电流项构建显式时域有限差分方程.对Wang和Hohmann的经典时域算法进行了两点改进:第一,通过将矩形回线源电流密度加入麦克斯韦方程组的安培环路定理方程,实现回线源瞬变电磁激发源加入;第二,在计算中考虑关断时间.第一点改进使时域有限差分方程考虑了一次场的计算,并且源的计算不再依赖均匀半空间模型响应作为初始条件,使算法能够适应表层电阻率不均匀时的三维复杂模型.由于实际观测中不可能出现阶跃电流的关断形式,第二点改进可以方便设置发射电流下降沿.采用改进的三维时域有限差分正演算法对均匀半空间模型、四类三层模型、均匀半空间中含有低阻块体模型进行了计算并分别与解析解、线性数字滤波解、积分方程解和Wang的三维时域有限差分解进行了对比验证.以H模型为例,采用建立的三维时域有限差分正演算法计算了不同关断时间的斜阶跃脉冲回线源瞬变电磁中心点感应电动势衰减曲线.以实际地质资料为基础,构建包含两层采空区的三维复杂模型,以1 μs的极短关断时间进行了复杂模型定回线源瞬变电磁响应计算,并计算了该复杂模型的视电阻率曲线.  相似文献   

基于尺度变换随机共振的瞬变电磁弱信号检测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王国富  张海如  张法全  叶金才 《地球物理学报》2011,54(7):1928-1934

晚期瞬变电磁信号是大参数、多频率、且各频率分量未知的电磁信号,特别在晚期还是强噪声背景下的微弱信号.随机共振系统可以在极限信噪比的情况下提取微弱信号,但仅适用于小参数、单一频率或频率已知的高频信号的情况,为此,本文提出一种基于尺度变换的随机共振算法用于检测晚期瞬变电磁信号,该方法充分利用了随机共振检测弱信号的优势,通过...  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000181     

Ka-Kheng Tan  Rex B. Thorpe  Zhidan Zhao 《地学前缘(英文版)》2011,2(2):223-235

This study investigates the mechanism of formation of convection plumes of mushroom shape in sub-solidus mantle and their prediction.The seismic-tomographic images of columnar structures of several hundreds kilometers in diameter have been reported by several researchers,while the much cherished mushroom-shaped plume heads could only be found in computational geodynamics(CGD) models and simple small-scale laboratory analogue simulations.Our theory of transient instability shows that the formation of conv...  相似文献   

Simulated eddy induced vertical velocities in a Gulf of Alaska model     

Shannon H. Nudds  Jennifer A. Shore 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(11):1060-1068

Mesoscale eddies can distribute nutrients, heat and fresh water into the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) from the coastal margins. While many studies have investigated the physical characteristics of GOA eddies, their effects on passive-dispersive particles have not been previously simulated to investigate eddy induced upwelling. A climatologically forced Parallel Ocean Program simulation of the north Pacific Ocean with an online particle tracking scheme was used to simulate passive-dispersive particles in the Gulf of Alaska. In-eddy vertical Lagrangian velocities of the particles were calculated both inside and outside the eddies and showed upwelling rates are generally greater inside the eddies where the vertical velocities of the particles ranged from 0.2 to 0.7 m/day.  相似文献   

用大功率长偏移距瞬变电磁测深圈定深层碳酸盐岩储层     

何青松 《地质与勘探》2013,49(4):731-736

中国西部T盆地ZY构造带在TY2井5900m深层发现下古高产储层,但由于地表复杂、地震物性条件差,一直难以有效的查明白云岩储层的分布;为此本文在该区开展了大功率长偏移距瞬变电磁(LOTEM)测深勘探,并取得了良好效果。本文介绍了沙漠区大功率LOTEM测深法工作原理和资料处理解释中剩余异常的求取和测井微电性层对比解释方法,展示了用大功率LOTEM测深法研究白云岩储层的成果,表明大功率LOTEM测深法对ZY构造带深层高阻碳酸盐岩中的低阻白云岩储层研究是有效的。该方法可以在类似物性条件下的其它地区作为储层研究的有效手段推广应用。  相似文献