First record of the pacific fanfishpteraclis aesticola (jordan and snyder, 1901) in the tropical eastern pacific     

José De La Cruz Agüero  Víctor Manuel Cota Gómez 《Ocean Science Journal》2008,43(3):161-164

One specimen ofPteraclis aesticola was collected off San José del Cabo, Baja California Sur, México (22°54′N, 109°45′W), in March 2007. Present record is the first reported occurrence of the species in the Tropical Eastern Pacific biogeographic region (Gulf of California to southern Ecuadorian waters). Its large fan-like anal and dorsal fins and its counts of fin rays and vertebrae can distinguish the Pacific fanfish from the other species in the genus. This fish may have not yet been recorded in the region because its presence has been overlooked in the past because of rarity and lack of commercial value.  相似文献   

Extended Impact of Cold Air Invasions in East Asia in Response to a Warm South China Sea and Philippine Sea     

Marco Y.-T.LEUNG  Dongxiao WANG  Wen ZHOU  Yuntao JIAN 《大气科学进展》2023,40(3):531-540

During boreal winter, the invasion of cold air can lead to remarkable temperature drops in East Asia which can result in serious socioeconomic impacts. Here, we find that the intensity of strong synoptic cold days in the East China Sea and Indochina Peninsula are increasing. The enhanced synoptic cold days in these two regions are attributed to surface warming over the South China Sea and Philippine Sea(SCSPS). The oceanic forcing of the SCSPS on the synoptic cold days in the two regions is veri...  相似文献   

“菲特”(1323)台风降水的极端性分析   总被引：9，自引：9，他引：0  

王晓  余晖  鲍旭炜  白莉娜 《气象科学》2017,37(4):514-521

基于1981—2013年间的热带气旋降水资料,使用百分比法研究了台风"菲特"所带来降水的极端特性,并进行了降水重现期特征分析。结果表明:台风"菲特"期间的日降水量、小时雨强、过程降水量超过"单站热带气旋极端降水阈值"和"中国热带气旋极端降水阈值"的站点几乎覆盖了整个上海以及浙江北部地区,并且日降水量和过程降水量达百年一遇标准的也占相当大的比例,甚至有的站点创历史极值,此次过程在这些地区是很罕见的。相比较而言,"菲特"影响期间,极端日降水和极端过程降水的分布范围以及极端性都大于小时雨强,极端过程降水较极端日降水分布范围小,但极端性更强。  相似文献   

西北太平洋地区热带气旋闪电活动的气候学特征及其与气旋强度变化的关系     

王芳  郄秀书  崔雪东 《大气科学》2017,41(6):1167-1176

利用2005~2014年全球闪电定位网（WWLLN）资料和中国气象局提供的热带气旋（Tropical Cyclone,TC）位置和强度资料,分析了近10年西北太平洋地区228个TC中的闪电时空分布特征及其与气旋强度变化的关系。结果表明:TC闪电活动年际变化呈震荡分布,夏半年闪电活动比冬半年强,闪电频数日变化呈单峰分布,峰值出现在12:00（地方时,下同）,谷值出现在06:00。闪电密度呈三圈分布结构,内核区和外雨带区闪电密度较高,内雨带区最低;闪电密度空间不对称分布,最高值出现在TC南侧。TC强度改变时,内核区闪电密度随TC不同强度等级的分布与外雨带区不同。TC内核区闪电活动较外雨带区强,内核区和外雨带区的闪电密度最大值分别出现在TC快速增强和强度一般变化时;快速增强过程一般发生在中等强度的TC中,而快速减弱过程一般发生在强度较强的TC中。TC快速增强前后,内核区闪电活动变化比全部TC闪电和外雨带区明显,表明内核闪电活动较全部TC闪电和外雨带区闪电能更好的指示TC的快速增强。  相似文献   

局地海表温度异常影响热带气旋路径的模拟研究   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

宋攀  钟中  齐琳琳  孙源  王晓丹 《气象科学》2017,37(6):735-741

本文以热带气旋"鲇鱼"(2010)为例,利用WRF模式和"鲇鱼"移动路径上不同的局地海表温度(SST)强迫进行了敏感性数值模拟。控制试验(CTRL)采用NCEP的SST强迫,敏感性试验分别在"鲇鱼"登陆菲律宾前的路径上增加(EXP1)和减小(EXP2)SST。结果表明:CTRL试验模拟的热带气旋路径与实况非常一致,EXP1试验模拟的热带气旋路径提前转向,移动路径偏东,EXP2试验模拟的热带气旋路径转向滞后,且移动路径偏西。对SST异常导致热带气旋路径出现差异的原因分析发现,热带气旋在吕宋岛东侧经过异常暖SST海面时,热带气旋强度增强,产生异常的正涡度平流,且500 h Pa以上凝结潜热释放增强副热带高压敏感区出现温度场的正异常,500h Pa以下水凝物的混合和蒸发作用增强造成副热带高压敏感区温度场的负异常,加之正的异常涡度平流和异常的上暖下冷温度场配置使得500 h Pa位势高度降低,副热带高压强度减弱,副热带高压西伸范围减小,导致热带气旋提前向北转向,移动路径偏东。反之,当热带气旋在吕宋岛东侧经过异常冷SST海面时,副热带高压西伸范围扩大,导致热带气旋向北转向滞后,路径偏西。  相似文献   

Response of the tropical Indian Ocean SST to decay phase of La Niña and associated processes     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2017

Delayed impact of El Niño on Tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) Sea Surface Temperature (SST) variations and associated physical mechanisms are well documented by several studies. However, TIO SST evolution during the decay phase of La Niña and related processes are not adequately addressed before. Strong cooling associated with La Niña decay over the TIO could influence climate over the Indian Oceanic rim including Indian summer monsoon circulation and remotely northwest Pacific circulation. Thus understanding the TIO basin-wide cooling and related physical mechanisms during decaying La Niña years is important. Composite analyses revealed that negative SST anomalies allied to La Niña gradually dissipate from its mature phase (winter) till subsequent summer in central and eastern Pacific. In contrast, magnitude of negative SST anomalies in TIO, induced by La Niña, starts increasing from winter and attains their peak values in early summer. It is found that variations in heat flux play an important role in SST cooling over the central and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean, Bay of Bengal and part of Arabian Sea from late winter to early summer during the decay phase of La Niña. Ocean dynamical processes are mainly responsible for the evolution of southern TIO SST cooling. Strong signals of westward propagating upwelling Rossby waves between 10°S to 20°S are noted throughout (the decaying phase of La Niña) spring and summer. Anomalous cyclonic wind stress curl to the south of the equator is responsible for triggering upwelling Rossby waves over the southeastern TIO. Further, upwelling Rossby waves are also apparent in the Arabian Sea from spring to summer and partly contributing to the SST cooling. Heat budget analysis reveals that negative SST/MLT (mixed layer temperature) anomalies over the Arabian Sea are mostly controlled by heat flux from winter to spring and vertical advection plays an important role during early summer. Vertical and horizontal advection terms primarily contribute to the SST cooling anomalies over southern TIO and the Bay of Bengal cooling is primarily dominated by heat flux. Further we have discussed influence of TIO cooling on local rainfall variations.  相似文献   

西北太平洋环境风垂直切变和热带气旋移动对涡旋内对流非对称分布影响的特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

杨璐  费建芳  黄小刚  程小平  阳向荣  马占宏 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2017,75(6):943-954

热带气旋（TC）预报特别是强度预报是当今大气科学研究和业务预报的重点、难点问题,TC环流内部的对流系统对气旋的结构和强度变化有着十分重要的影响。利用FY-2C/2E黑体亮温（TBB）资料和NCEP分析资料,研究了2005-2012年西北太平洋热带气旋外雨带区的对流非对称分布特征,及其与环境风垂直切变和TC移动的关系。分析发现,整层风垂直切变的方向与TBB一波非对称大值区关于方位角的分布有很好的对应关系。在弱整层风垂直切变条件下（<5 m/s）,TC移动引起的非对称摩擦效应会使对流易出现在移动方向的右前象限。在中强整层风垂直切变条件下（>5 m/s）,风切变成为影响对流非对称分布的主要因子,TC外螺旋雨带区的对流集中于顺风切方向及其左侧,对流偏离顺切变左侧的程度一方面受到TC内逆时针环流的影响,另一方面与风垂直切变的强度有关：对于发展阶段的TC,当风垂直切变增强时,一波非对称分布更加显著,切变越强,TC强度越大,外雨带区的对流越偏离顺风切左侧;对于消亡阶段的TC,风垂直切变的影响作用并不明显。  相似文献   

Evaluation of different versions of NCUM global model for simulation of track and intensity of tropical cyclones over Bay of Bengal     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2017

The global UK Met office Unified Model (UM) is currently operational at National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), the global model named as NCUM. An inter-comparison of two different versions of NCUM has been carried out for simulating the track and intensity of Tropical Cyclones (TCs), which formed over the Bay of Bengal (BoB). For this purpose, two series of numerical experiments named as NCUM25 (New Dynamical core with NCUM N512 resolution) and NCUM17 (ENDGame core with NCUM N768 resolution and upgraded physics and data assimilation scheme) are carried out with seven different initial conditions (ICs) for two TCs. The results suggested that the location, intensity, and vertical structure of the TCs are reasonably well predicted by the NCUM17 over the NCUM25. The Direct Position Error (DPE) and landfall error of TCs are reduced in the NCUM17 in comparison to the NCUM25 for all initial conditions. The mean DPEs and intensity error are reduced by 21–41% and 18–21% in NCUM17 over NCUM25 in both the cases respectively. Improvements in mean landfall position errors are shown to range from 43 to 65% in the NCUM17 as compared to the NCUM25. The mean statistical skill scores for rainfall are considerably improved in NCUM17.  相似文献   

Estimation of damage to agriculture biomass due to Hudhud cyclone and carbon stock assessment in cyclone affected areas using Landsat-8     

Venkatesh Reddy Chejarla  Gobinath Palanisamy  Mithun Choudhary 《国际地球制图》2017,32(6):589-602

Developing countries are vulnerable to tropical cyclones due to climatic variability and the frequency and magnitude of some extreme weather and disaster events is likely to increase. Cities and towns situated along the coastal belt of Visakhapatnam district experienced severe damage because of Hudhub cyclone (12 October 2014). The main objective of this research was to identify and quantify the damage to agriculture and vegetation caused by Hudhud cyclone. In this study, landsat-8 satellite data-sets acquired before and after the cyclone have been used; image processing techniques have been carried out to assess the changes of pre- and post-cyclone condition. Economic loss of agriculture crops has been assessed using crop production loss per hectare and total economic loss for agriculture crops in the study area was calculated. Classification results and land use land cover change analysis show that 13.25% of agriculture-Kharif and 31.1% of vegetation was damaged. Crop Biomass was estimated with aid of crop conversion factor for pre- and post-cyclone conditions. Total ‘Above ground biomass’ of the agriculture crop area was estimated at 31.57 t/ha and total loss of biomass was assessed to be 4.2 t/ha. Carbon stock was found to be varying from 0.3 to 8.3 t.C/ha in specific agriculture crops. From the results, it was concluded that Hudhud has done significant damage to the rural and urban areas of Visakhapatnam. The outcome of this study can be used by decision-makers for the release of post disaster relief fund to affected areas.  相似文献   

热带印度洋-西太平洋水汽输送异常对中国东部夏季降水的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邹梦  乔少博  吴永萍  封国林 《大气科学》2017,41(5):988-998

利用1979~2015年NCEP/NCAR发布的月平均全球再分析资料,分析了热带印度洋-西太平洋水汽输送异常对中国东部夏季降水的影响及其形成机理。研究结果表明:热带印度洋-西太平洋地区（10°S~30°N,60°~140°E）夏季异常水汽输送主要包括两个模态,他们可以解释总的水汽输送异常34%的方差。其中,第一模态（EOF1）表现为异常水汽沿反气旋从热带西太平洋经过南海及孟加拉湾输送到中国东部上空,对应南海、孟加拉湾水汽路径输送均偏多,此时西太平洋副热带高压显著偏强,异常水汽在长江中下游地区辐合并伴随显著上升运动,有利于长江中下游降水偏多;第二模态（EOF2）表现为异常水汽从热带印度洋沿阿拉伯海、印度半岛、中南半岛等呈反气旋式输送,华南上空相应出现气旋式水汽输送异常,并对应异常水汽辐合和上升运动,有利于华南降水偏多。就可能的外部成因而言,EOF1与ENSO关系密切,表现为前冬热带中东太平洋显著偏暖,夏季同期热带北印度洋、南海上空显著偏暖,造成西太平洋副热带高压显著偏强,异常水汽主要来源于热带西太平洋和南海;EOF2与同期热带印度洋偶极子（TIOD）异常有关,TIOD为正位相时热带印度洋上空出现异常东风,华南上空出现异常气旋并伴随水汽异常辐合,异常水汽主要来源于热带南印度洋。  相似文献