Low frequency variations in currents on the southern continental shelf of the Caspian Sea     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2019

The Caspian Sea (CS) is the largest enclosed basin in the world, located inside the Eurasian continent in the Northern Hemisphere. Although there have been few studies of the dynamics of the coastal zone in the CS, observations show that oscillations with periods from 2–3 days to 1–3 weeks dominate. These oscillations are presumed to be related to the synoptic variability of direct wind impact and to coastally-trapped waves (CTW). Here, we describe and interpret current meter observations on the continental margins of the southern CS from 2012 to 2014 to identify and characterize CTW there. Time series analysis provides evidence for both remote and locally wind-forced eastward traveling signals with time lags consistent with CTW theory. A wind-forced model with two CTW modes is able to reproduce the structure, amplitudes, and phases of observed alongshore current fluctuations, explaining half of the variance at frequencies less than 1 cpd. Remote forcing effects are present at all times, but are most striking when the local winds are weak, as in summer. The CTW calculations also suggest that the source region for the remote forcing may extend farther north along the west coast of the CS.  相似文献   

定点式横向声学多普勒流速剖面仪应用研究     

张泉荣  谢运山  王萍  姚允龙  王志保  谢悦波 《水文》2021,41(2):69-74

介绍了应用定点式横向声学多普勒流速仪进行实时流量在线监测方面的比测率定研究工作。主要从设备选型、安装位置、代表流速计算、单元流速区间选择、关系率定、精度评定、测点流速分析等方面进行了分析研究。通过设备选型、安装位置、单元流速区间选择等多方面的比较分析,选择最佳方案,进行比测分析,率定出代表流速与断面平均流速的关系。重点对设备安装位置、单元流速区间的选择、流速横向分布等进行比较分析,对于其他测站的类似H-ADCP监测方案有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

机场低能见度自动观测设备测量数据对比          下载免费PDF全文

明虎  陈丽杰  高联辉  王奇 《应用气象学报》2015,26(6):750-758

基于民航机场的实际应用,对比安装在陕西省西安咸阳国际机场跑道一端的大气透射仪和前向散射仪2013年1月—2014年8月测量的跑道视程数据,结果表明:整体上,当跑道视程R > 400 m时,前向散射仪测量数据大于大气透射仪数据的比例高;当跑道视程R≤400 m时,大气透射仪测量数据大于等于前向散射仪数据的比例更高。当跑道视程R≤600 m时,两种设备测量数据具有很好的相互替代性;当跑道视程R > 1000 m时,两种设备测量数据差距较大。在雾、冻雾、霾和暴雨天气时,两种设备测量数据在时间上具有很好的一致性,且在跑道视程R≤1000 m时,两种设备测量数据具有很好的相互替代性,而在雪、烟和扬沙天气时两种设备测量的数据差距较大。  相似文献   

江苏省能见度的人工与自动观测差异分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王瑞  周学东  李崇志  许小川  于清平  王佳 《气象科学》2015,35(2):183-188

对江苏省2011年全年逐时能见度的自动、人工观测数据进行了统计分析,结果表明:二者具有相当一致的统计特征,全省总相关系数0.73,一致率95.03%;但亦存在一定差异,整体上人工较自动观测数据偏大数公里,偏大程度在17%~55%,且空间差异显著;对不同条件下能见度的对比分析显示,自动与人工观测在低能见度条件下最为接近,且二者差异存在着明显的日变化特征;对能见度自动与人工观测偏差长序列的初步分析,显示统计订正是可能的,但对于不同级别的能见度,自动观测相对与人工有不同的倾向。  相似文献   

Visibility trends in six megacities in China 1973–2007     

Di Chang  Yu Song  Bing Liu 《Atmospheric Research》2009,94(2):161-167

The particulate matter pollution has been serious in Chinese megacities due to the rapidly expanding economic and industrial developments, which has significant influences in atmospheric visibility. Visibility is a highly relevant factor indicating the level of atmospheric quality, and is inversely related to the optical extinction coefficient caused by gas and particle phases. In our study, visibility trends for six major megacities (Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Shenyang, and Xi'an) in China were evaluated during 1973–2007 on the basis of the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) database using four measurement methods: the days per year of daily visibility < 10 km, the days per year of daily visibility > 19 km, the annual mean visibility, and the dry extinction coefficient. The annual and seasonal change trends of visibility for each city were analyzed by using a linear regression model. The annual mean visibilities for the six cities (Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Shenyang, and Xi'an) were 10.67, 8.60, 10.76, 8.59, 8.16, and 9.74 km respectively. Shenyang has experienced a significant increasing trend during the entire time series while visibilities for other five sites showed decreasing trends especially since the middle of 1990s. In the southern and midwestern regions (Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Xi'an), visibility was best in summer, whereas in the northern regions (Beijing and Shenyang), visibility was best in spring. Mean visibility in spring was worst at Guangzhou, while for the other five cities visibility in winter was worst, probably because of coal burning during the heating period. The general degradation of visibility in these megacities was probably due to the excess aerosol loading. Consequently, an urgent targeted reduction of aerosol pollution may be needed for the sake of better air quality in Chinese megacities.  相似文献   

汶川地震前成都台重力的高频扰动   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

韦进  郝洪涛  康开轩  刘子维  喻节林  孙少安  申重阳  李辉 《大地测量与地球动力学》2009,29(Z1):15-19

汶川8.0级地震发生前48小时，距震中约37千米的成都地震台GS15型重力仪记录到了附有高频扰动的潮汐观测数据。对该仪器不同时段观测数据的比较表明：这种高频扰动主要来自外界因素的影响。对2008年32个热带气旋，以及5.0—7.0级地震的统计分析表明：与热带气旋对应出现的高频扰动比例高于地震震前出现的扰动,而且低等级的相似距离的热带气旋也能够产生类似扰动现象。由此判定，汶川地震前48小时成都地震台出现的重力高频扰动主要来自热带气旋的影响。  相似文献   

综合物探方法在煤田采空区圈定和着火区调查中的应用研究     

唐庆兵  李大心  樊武义 《地质科技情报》2001,20(3):95-100

以山西晋城张岭煤田着火区、采空区勘探和着火区探测为例 ,通过对该地区地质构造特征、采空区雷达特征、着火区地温场分布等的描述与分析 ,结合该区钻探、井温测量和气体检测的结果 ,论证了地质雷达与米测温联合方法在煤田采空区圈定和着火区调查中的应用效果 ,并对该方法的应用前景作了相应探讨。  相似文献   

Rates of rock surface lowering,Princess Elizabeth land,Eastern Antarctica     

A. P. Spate  J. S. Burgess  J. Shevlin 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1995,20(6):567-573

A series of micro-erosion-meter sites on different rock types and in differing wind regimes was established and re-read after four years on two sites in the Larsemann and Vestfold Hills. These two oases in Eastern Antarctica are subjected to both wind abrasion and salt wedging. The measurements displayed bimodal distributions, indicating that both abrasion and single-grain detachment could be observed. Surface lowering rates of 0·015 and 0·022 mm a^?1 were demonstrated for the Larsemann and Vestfold Hills, respectively.  相似文献   

湿度传感器检定条件的影响     

陈为超  范雪波 《气象科技》2021,49(5):693-696

在湿度传感器检定过程中,除露点仪和温湿度箱引起检定结果的不确定度外,检定条件、操作不规范也会给检定结果带来附加误差。本文通过对标准器的各湿度点测得值标准偏差、露点仪工作时的热效应、掠过露点传感器的流量变化、露点仪最佳工作环境等进行了实际测试,结合湿度传感器测试历史资料,进行了综合分析。结果表明:(1)露点仪露点传感器的过流孔正对气流方向时,同温度下露点温度测得值偏高,露点仪测量的相对湿度偏小,否则会偏大。(2)在环境温度为20℃时,露点仪在各个湿度点上的n次测量值的标准偏差(离散性)最小。(3)露点仪的温度传感器在吸入式温湿度箱中,安装于露点传感器前端4cm和后端4cm时,其后端测得值比安装在前端测得值的最大值偏高0.45℃,相对湿度偏高0.5%。(4)各湿度点上的稳定时间(当箱内湿度达到设定值并趋于稳定后)应大于或等于20s时,露点仪和被检湿度传感器采集到的标准值和测量值才真实。  相似文献   

烈度计台站远程监控系统     

柳艳丽  邱虎  郭巍  高也 《震灾防御技术》2020,15(3):618-623

烈度计台站在地震预警中具有重要作用，对烈度计台站的远程监控是保证观测数据稳定可靠的前提。针对现有监控系统无法对台站供电、网络、设备状态等信息进行智能监控的问题，设计烈度计台站远程监控系统，实现对台站供电、网络、I/O开关量、烈度计状态等信息的采集及远程控制等功能，并在天津烈度计台网进行部署，提高了故障排查及维护效率，保证了烈度计台站数据的连续率。  相似文献