Long-term investigation of benthic fauna and the influence of treated ballast water disposal in Port Valdez,Alaska     

Blanchard AL  Feder HM  Shaw DG 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(5):367-382

Benthic faunal structure and hydrocarbon concentrations in sediments were examined annually for 10 years (1989-1998) in Port Valdez, Alaska, where a near-bottom permitted discharge of treated tanker ballast waters containing residual petroleum has occurred since 1977. Measured concentrations of hydrocarbons in sediments near the discharge showed detectable increases in concentration, but on only one occasion were these increases either to levels exceeding ecotoxicological thresholds (Effects-Range Low, ER-L) or associated with alterations in the benthic community. Changes in faunal structure indicating disturbance were observed at one station near the discharge from 1995 to 1997 and were apparent as increased numbers of opportunistic taxa and anomalous trends in abundance and diversity. Minimum-effect (ME) hypotheses provided evidence of negligible to small effects on benthic infauna from disposal of treated ballast water. ME hypotheses have the potential to assist both researchers and managers by providing a tool to relate scientific results to ecological importance and decision criteria.  相似文献   

洋山深水港海域多年来海床冲淤变化及其影响因素分析     

左书华  谢华亮  英晓明  崔成  黄玉新  李怀远  Xie Mingxiao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(7):96-106

海床冲淤变化对港口与航道工程建设非常重要。由于泥沙供给、人类活动和其他等因素的影响,海床冲淤变化非常复杂。洋山深水港是一个新兴的深水港口,是上海国际航运中心重要的组成部分,它的建设引起了各方的广泛关注。目前,洋山水深港一、二、三期港区在潮流运动和定期疏浚下保持着良好的水深。四期港区工程是世界上最大的全自动化深水码头,2017年12月以开港运行。本论文基于大量的地形资料、水文泥沙资料,分析了整个洋山深水港多年来的海床冲淤变化和近期四期工程海域海床冲淤变化。结果显示：1998-2010年整个洋山港区海床冲淤变化表现为较大幅度的冲淤,在洋山主通道内呈现为"南淤北冲"的格局,但是颗珠山汊道一直以来均表现冲刷的趋势;四期港区水域近一些年来也表现为一个冲刷的趋势,多年年均冲刷幅度0.7m左右;讨论了外界泥沙供给、港口工程陆域边界封堵、港池疏浚和由此带来的水流的变化以及泥沙水力特性等因素的对洋山港海域海床冲淤变化的影响,在众多因素中,颗珠山汊道的存在（或保留）对洋山西部水域或四期港区水域冲刷有着积极的作用,它的存在所产生的落潮作用对四期港区的水深维护起到重要的正面影响。  相似文献   

基于GF-1卫星遥感影像的港口空间格局监测与评估——以营口鲅鱼圈港区为例          下载免费PDF全文

李序春  徐惠民  索安宁 《海洋开发与管理》2018,35(11):32-36,41

文章采用国产GF-1卫星遥感影像,通过对港口内部空间格局以及各组成单元特征进行分析,建立了面向对象的港口空间格局遥感监测方法与步骤,探索构建了码头岸线指数、码头岸线利用指数、码头指数、堆场指数和港池指数等港口空间格局集约利用评估指标,并以营口鲅鱼圈港区为例进行实证研究。结果显示:营口鲅鱼圈港区的码头岸线指数为0.51,码头岸线利用指数为1 498.16万t/km,码头指数为12.23hm~2/km,港池指数为242.76hm~2/km,堆场指数为108.46hm~2/km。码头岸线与码头面积、堆场面积、港池面积的基本比例为1.00∶12.00∶108.00∶250.00。营口鲅鱼圈港区仍有8 821.17万t/a的吞吐量提升空间。  相似文献   

连云港埒子口海域潮动力特征及其变化          下载免费PDF全文

邹春蕾  王志力  甄峰  徐欢 《海岸工程》2020,39(4):246-255

为研究连云港埒子口海域潮流动力特征及其对周边海岸工程的响应,以及为治理埒子口闸下淤积问题提供参考,建立了基于有限体积法离散二维浅水方程的数值模型。采用实测水文资料对模型率定和验证,应用模型分析埒子口潮流动力特征和建设徐圩港防波堤和灌河口导堤后埒子口海域潮流动力的变化。模拟结果表明,建设工程后潮流动力变化较大,埒子口海域涨急流和落急流方向改变,涨、落潮平均流速均减小,距离工程区域越近,流速变化越大。埒子口海域潮流动力减弱将会加重上游挡潮闸的闸下淤积问题,致使埒子口排水不畅,进而增加沂北地区的洪涝风险,所以,相关部门应及时采取措施,保证埒子口排涝畅通。  相似文献   

Morphological characteristics and medium-term evolution of the beaches between Ceuta and Cabo Negro (Morocco)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G. Anfuso  J. A. Martínez del Pozo  D. Nachite  J. Benavente  A. Macias 《Environmental Geology》2007,52(5):933-946

This work presents the results of a combined study on the beach morphology and the evolution at short- and medium-term of the littoral between Ceuta and Cabo Negro (Morocco). It is an interesting sector showing a great increase of human occupation and coastal structures. The monitoring program allowed for the reconstruction of the beach morphological behavior and the seasonal changes. The studied beaches presented reflective profiles recording little seasonality, with the most notable morphological changes being strictly related to storms. Surf Similarity and Surf Scaling parameters highlighted the existence of intermediate and reflective beach states, characterized by plunging breakers. Aerial photographs and a satellite image have been geo-referenced and elaborated with GIS tools to reconstruct the short- and medium-term evolution of the littoral and the sediment transport pathways. The littoral showed important erosion at short- and medium-term related to a negative sedimentary budget because of offshore transport. Sand accumulation was recorded close to the main ports, i.e., Marina Smir and Marina Kabila. These port structures constituted impermeable, fixed limits, which divided the studied area into littoral cells. Other free, transit limits were also observed.  相似文献   

Development of a system of indicators for sustainable port management   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Peris-Mora E  Diez Orejas JM  Subirats A  Ibáñez S  Alvarez P 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,50(12):1649-1660

The 1998 project ECOPORT, “Towards A Sustainable Transport Network”, developed by the Valencia Port Authority (VPA), established the bases for implementing an Environmental Management System (EMS) in industrial harbours. The use of data and information shall always be required to develop an efficient EMS. The objective of the present research (INDAPORT) study is to propose a system of sustainable environmental management indicators to be used by any port authorities. All activities performed within a port area are analysed for any potential environmental impacts and risks.

An environmental analysis of port activities has been carried out with the objective of designing the indicators system. Twenty-one corresponding activities have been identified for large industrial ports. Subsequently, the same methodology developed to date will be later applied to other Spanish and European ports. The study has been developed by using an original system and a methodology, which simultaneously use stage diagrams and systemic models (material and energy flow charts). Multi-criteria analysis techniques were used to evaluate potential impacts (identification of factors and evaluation of impacts).  相似文献   

The EU Directive on port reception facilities for ship-generated waste and cargo residues: the results of a second survey on the provision and uptake of facilities in North Sea ports     

Carpenter A  Macgill SM 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,50(12):1541-1547

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the results of a survey of the availability and uptake of port reception facilities within the North Sea area. The evaluation is based primarily on original survey data from the autumn of 2002 which followed on from a similar survey conducted in the summer of 2000. The EU Directive on port reception facilities for ship-generated waste etc. (Directive 2000/59/EC) was due to enter into force in December 2002, and required all EU ports to provide reception facilities to meet the needs of the vessels normally calling in at them. This paper examines the readiness of North Sea ports to meet that requirement and also considers the actual uptake levels of facilities, where ports were able to provide such information.  相似文献   

人工半封闭港湾有孔虫埋葬群空间分布研究--以江苏连云港港区为例     

桂峰  朱晓东  高建华 《海洋通报》2005,24(6):41-48

连云港港区60个表层沉积样品的定量分析表明,与港区水动力、底形等沉积环境条件相适应,该区有孔虫埋葬群可分为口门、湾中、湾顶三大群个组合,并可进一步区分出若干六个亚类组合：（A）湾项浅水区——丰度值最低,胶结壳有孔虫含量最高,活体含量高;（B）鸽岛沉积区——与A紧邻,但以丰度值高相区别;（C）西岸码头深水区——水深,丰度高,活体少,浮游个体多;（D）东侧浅水区——水浅,埋葬群特征与C相近;（E）涨潮三角洲区--沉积物粒径小,丰度高,胶结壳含量最低;（F）口门高能区——以沉积物粒径较低区别于E区.  相似文献   

The Geological Significance of a Tuffite Interlayer in the Cretaceous Port Island Formation in Northeastern Hong Kong     

ZHAO Longlong  WANG Lulin  TIAN Mingzhong  WU Fadong 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(3):1041-1052

The Port Island Formation(PIF), a typical Cretaceous red bed in Hong Kong, is dominated by non-fossiliferous, reddish clastic rocks, making it difficult to determine the sedimentary age of PIF precisely. Previous studies assigned the PIF to Late Cretaceous provisionally only on the basis of its stratigraphic sequence and lithology. This study identified a tuffite interlayer in the PIF and a zircon UPb age of 128.2±2.7 Ma by LA-ICP-MS method was obtained. It's the first time to date the depositional age of the PIF with a reliable chronological constraint. With the support of stratigraphic evidence, we concluded that the geological age of PIF should be Early Cretaceous rather than Late Cretaceous. Based on the volcanic history of Hong Kong and Southeast China and the distribution of the PIF in Mirs Bay, it is believed that there was no volcanic activity in Hong Kong in ca. 128 Ma. The tuffite interlayer discovered in PIF was formed by the deposition of volcanic ash, which might originate from remote region outside Hong Kong, in an aquatic environment on Port Island. The identification of the tuffite interlayer, as the response to a volcanic event, has great significance not only to the studies of establishment and regional correlation of the strata system and the geological evolution in Hong Kong,but also to the study of volcanic activities in Southeast China.  相似文献   

巴基斯坦瓜达尔港地区干旱灾害风险评估     

宋柏泱  陈报章 《地理研究》2022,41(8):2251-2264

在全球变暖和极端气候事件频发的背景下,分析干旱特征及其风险不仅对经济社会发展具有重要实际价值,而且可为研究气候变化与人类活动的相互作用关系提供参考。瓜达尔港地区是“一带一路”倡议的重要交通要道。本文遵循灾害风险评估理论,采用趋势分析方法对瓜达尔港地区进行干旱灾害风险分析。结果表明：① 瓜达尔港地区整体干旱灾害危险性指数为0.5左右,南部地区遭受干旱灾害的可能性比北部低,东部地区遭受干旱灾害的可能性较高;② 暴露度指数整体在0.5左右,中部沿海地区由于经济发达而较容易受到干旱灾害影响,西北部地区有较高的暴露度指数;③ 脆弱性指数整体偏低,并且大致呈由北向南递减的趋势;④ 瓜达尔港地区为中度干旱风险,其中部沿海地区、东北部以及西部小部分区域有相对较高的干旱风险,只有较少的零星区域有较低的干旱风险水平;⑤ 该地区帕默尔干旱指数（PDSI）变化率全部呈下降趋势,意味着该地区整体干旱趋势有所增加。  相似文献