A　Coupled　General　Circulation　Model　for　the　Tropical　Pacific　Ocean　and　Global　Atmosphere   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zhang Ronghu  Zeng Qingcun  Zhou Guangqing  Liang Xinzhong 《大气科学进展》1995,12(2):127-142

On the basis of Zeng’s theoretical design, a coupled general circulation model (CGCM) is developed with its characteristics different from other CGCMs such as the unified vertical coordinates and subtraction of the standard stratification for both atmosphere and ocean, available energy consideration, and so on. The oceanic component is a free surface tropical Pacific Ocean GCM between 30oN and 30oS with horizontal grid spacing of 1o in latitude and 2o in longitude, and with 14 vertical layers. The atmospheric component it a global GCM with low-resolution of 4o in latitude and 5o in longitude, and two layers or equal man in the vertical between the surface and 200 hPa. The atmospheric GCM includes comprehensive physical processes. The coupled model is subjected to seasonally-varying cycle. Several coupling experiments, ranging from straight forward coupling without flux correction to one with flux correction, and to so-called predictor-corrector monthly coupling (PCMC), are conducted to show the existence and final controlling of the climate drift in the coupled system. After removing the climate drift with the PCMC scheme, the coupled model is integrated for more than twenty years. The results show reasonable simulations of the annual mean and its seasonal cycle of the atmospheric and oceanic circulation. The model also produces the coherent interannual variations of the climate system, manifesting the observed El Ni?o / Southern Oscillation (ENSO).  相似文献   

青藏高原地面热力异常对夏季江淮流域持续暴雨形成作用的数值试验   总被引：22，自引：1，他引：22  

章基嘉  徐祥德  苗峻峰 《大气科学》1995,19(3):270-276

本文采用OSU-AGCM大气环流模式，对青藏高原下垫面热力异常与夏季江淮流域暴雨形成的关系进行了数值试验。模拟结果表明，青藏高原下垫面热力状况的异常对东亚环流形势及云量分布异常的影响是形成1991年夏季江淮流域持续性降水的重要原因之一。青藏高原异常热力强迫还可以引起大范围云量的异常分布和云量异常区类似于二维Rossby波列没大圆路径传播的特征。  相似文献   

陕甘宁半干旱区特大降水的环流特征     

夏建平  李云 《干旱气象》1995,(4)

分析陕甘宁半干旱区特大降水的环流特征及其与一般大、暴雨的环流差异，指出中低纬系统相互作用和下游系统阻挡是产生特大降水的重要条件。热带气旋北上时，存在第二类间接作用，不仅在东风急流下游能出现倒槽暴雨，还有利于热带气旋下游的副热带高压另一侧产生特大降水。  相似文献   

VENTILATION FLOW IN A BAROCLINIC VORTEX RELATED TO TROPICAL CYCLONE MOTION   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

田永祥 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1995,(3)

The tropical cyclone motion is numerically simulated with a quasi-geostrophic baroclinic model.The flow field of a tropical cyclone is decomposed into its axisymmetric and asymmetric components.The relation between the ventilation flow vector and the motion vector of the tropical cyclone is inves-tigated.The results of numerical experiments indicate:(1) There are both large-scale beta gyres andsmall-scale gyres in the asyrnmetric flow field.(2) The interaction between small-scale gyres andlarge-scale beta gyres leads to the oscillation of translation speed and translation direction for the tropi-cal cyclone.(3) There are the large deviations between the ventilation flow vector calculated bymeans of Fiorino and Elsberry's method and the motion vector of tropical cyclone.(4) The ventila-tion flow vector computed using the improved method closely correlates with the motion vector of thetropical cyclone.  相似文献   

有限区域细网格模式产品在江汉平原暴雨预报中的应用     

王庆安  俞炳启 《气象科学》1995,15(2):47-54

利用湖北省提供的有限区域细网格模式数值预报产品及降水实况资料，用逐步回归法拟合出江汉平原等区域暴雨方程。方程的拟合效果比较理想，此方程尚有待台站业务考核及改进。  相似文献   

中国及邻近地区冬到夏的季节变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张家诚  张先恭  魏凤英 《气象》1995,21(7):3-8

南亚地区在冬到夏的转变过程中有显著的热力学与环境变化特征，是北半球季节变化的敏感区，对我国长期变化有十分重要的意义。根据这一特点，设计计算了南支西风指数，并将副高面积指数分南北区统计，更地地反映了季节变化特征。统计结果表明，这个指数组对梅雨与华北雨季有天气气候学意义。同时还找到了这个指数组对我国一些地区旱涝的前期指标。  相似文献   

用数字云图确定热带气旋强度的人－机对话系统          下载免费PDF全文

燕芳杰  范蕙君  李修芳  胡治波 《气象》1995,(11)

使用２４４６张卫星展宽云图资料样本，根据云系结构（眼，中心密蔽云区、螺旋云带，结构紧密度）和热带气旋强度的密切相关，求出回归方程、作为估计热带气旋强度的基本公式，并在计算机上实现，建立了确定热带气旋强度的人－机对话系统。经过业务试运行。获得了满意的结果。  相似文献   

Three－dimensional　Global　Scale　Permanent－wave　Solutions　of　the　Nonlinear　Quasigeostrophic　Potential　Vorticity　Equation　and　Energy　Dispersion     

H.L. Kuo 《大气科学进展》1995,12(4):387-404

The three-dimensional nonlinear quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity equation is reduced to a linear form in the stream function in spherical coordinates for the permanent wave solutions consisting of zonal wavenumbers from 0 to n and rn vertical components with a given degree n. This equation is solved by treating the coefficient of the Coriolis parameter square in the equation as the eigenvalue both for sinusoidal and hyperbolic variations in vertical direction. It is found that these solutions can represent the observed long term flow patterns at the surface and aloft over the globe closely. In addition, the sinusoidal vertical solutions with large eigenvalue G are trapped in low latitude, and the scales of these trapped modes are longer than 10 deg. lat. even for the top layer of the ocean and hence they are much larger than that given by the equatorial β-plane solutions. Therefore such baroclinic disturb-ances in the ocean can easily interact with those in the atmosphere.Solutions of the shallow water potential vorticity equation are treated in a similar manner but with the effective depth H = RT / g taken as limited within a small range for the atmosphere.The propagation of the flow energy of the wave packet consisting of more than one degree is found to be along the great circle around the globe both for barotropic and for baroclinic flows in the atmosphere.  相似文献   

居室氡的影响因素及分布特点   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

程业勋  章晔  刘庆成 《物探与化探》1995,19(1):28-33

氡是天然放射性系列铀系中唯一的气态元素,它对人体健康的影响尤其是氡与肺癌的关系已引起人们的高度重视,已成为环境保护研究的一个重要对象.本文就地壳中放射性元素的分布规律及氡的迁移进行介绍,并着重讨论了居室氡的影响因素,以期利于今后氡危害防治工作的进行.  相似文献   

湖南新的铜矿类型及其找矿远景   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

童潜明 《湖南地质》1995,14(1):37-43

南岭成矿区武夷起的北西、南东两侧各有一个铜多金属成矿带，其中包括德兴、紫金山等与中生代中酸性岩有关的著名斑岩型铜矿床。湘东北－湘南地区是南岭北西侧铜多金属成矿带的组成部分，具有与之相似的斑岩型铜矿形成条件，并根据实际资料在湘东北区、湘南区各提出了１个该类型矿床的成矿预测区。  相似文献