黑龙江省矿区生态破坏与地质灾害及其防治   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

尹喜霖  王勇  张烽龙  郭有民 《工程地质学报》2002,10(3):254-259

黑龙江省矿产分布情况和开发概况以及矿业开发在经济发展中占有重要地位 ;在矿业开发过程中引起的诸多生态破坏和地质灾害及其引起的危害 ,已引起高度重视 ;本文在综合论述黑龙江省矿区发展所带来各项利弊后提出了具体的防治对策。  相似文献   

渤海湾盆地北部奥陶纪岩相古地理   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

金振奎  邹元荣  由伟丰  蒋春雷 《沉积学报》2002,20(1):13-19

渤海湾盆地北部主要包括黄骅坳陷、沧县隆起、冀中坳陷和下辽河坳陷,区内奥陶系厚 6 0 0～ 80 0m,主要由石灰岩和白云岩组成。下奥陶统分为冶里组和亮甲山组,中奥陶统分为下马家沟组、上马家沟组和峰峰组,上统缺失。其中下马家沟组、上马家沟组和峰峰组又进一步划分为下段和上段。早奥陶世冶里期和亮甲山期,本区以局限海环境为主,其内散布着一些潮坪和滩。中奥陶世,本区岩相古地理面貌变化旋回极为明显,下马家沟期早期潮坪广布,晚期以局限海为主;上马家沟期早期又是潮坪广布,晚期以开阔海为主;峰峰期早期潮坪广布,晚期又以开阔海为主。在奥陶纪,本区经历了 4个大的海侵-海退旋回,其中上马家沟期晚期是本区乃至整个华北地台的最大海侵期。  相似文献   

豫西地区铝土矿中镓的分布规律研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

汤艳杰  贾建业  刘建朝 《矿物岩石》2002,22(1):15-20

镓是一种价格昂贵的稀散金属，其应用前景十分广阔。豫西地区的铝土矿石中含有丰富的镓资源。通过对区内铝土矿石中镓的分布特征做了多方面的对比研究，归纳出镓的分布规律：空间上，在不同铝土矿区的矿石中镓的平均质量分数变化显著，在矿体平均厚度最大的张窑院矿区，矿石中的镓高度富集。时间上，沉积成矿相对较早的铝土矿层，因其长期遭受强烈的表生富集作用，矿石中镓的平均品位较高。从矿石结构类型来看，土状和峰窝状矿石中的镓品位明显高于短、鲕状和致密状矿石。另外，矿石中镓平均含量的变化总与铝土矿富矿体的产出位置关系密切。并且，探讨了铝土矿中镓分布规律的控制因素。  相似文献   

The Mount Parnitha (Athens) Earthquake of September 7, 1999: A Disaster Management Perspective     

Pomonis  Antonios 《Natural Hazards》2002,27(1-2):171-199

Natural Hazards - Strong earthquakes in the proximity of densely inhabited urban areas pose one ofthe most complicated disaster management situations faced by societies today. Herethe experience...  相似文献   

Documentary and Geological Records of Tsunamis in the Aegean Sea Region of Greece and their Potential Value to Risk Assessment and Disaster Management     

Dominey-Howes  Dale 《Natural Hazards》2002,25(3):195-224

Understanding the nature and impacts of tsunamis within the Aegean Sea region ofGreece is of importance to both the academic community and those organisationsconcerned with tsunami disaster management. In order to determine hazard and riskand consequently pre-plan mitigative strategies, it is necessary to analyse historical(documentary) and geological records of former tsunami events. Therefore, firstlythis paper provides a summary of the written sources of information on Aegeantsunamis paying particular attention to published catalogues. From the availabledata, it is noted that a large number of events have been reported during the last3500 years. Secondly, the paper provides a review of the published on-shore(terrestrial) geological records of tsunamis within the region. From this analysisit is seen that little geological evidence has been identified for the large numberof tsunamis reported in the catalogues. Thirdly, the paper considers the reliabilityof the written and geological records and how problems of accuracy, coverage,extent and reliability, may have potential implications for the estimation of hazardand risk. The paper concludes by making recommendations for disaster managers,geologists and historians to work closely together.  相似文献   

四川省房屋建筑易损性研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

何玉林  黎大虎  范开红  刘盛利 《中国地震》2002,18(1):52-58

研究房屋建筑易损性特征是防震减灾工作必不可少的环节之一，本文通过对多年工作的系统总结，得出四川省不同地区的房屋建筑易损性矩阵，全省房屋建筑抗震性能总体水平不高，这是造成地震灾害加重的主要原因之一，随着经济发展实力的提高，适当提高全省房屋建筑抗震设防水平可大大减轻特别是中强地震所造成的经济损失。  相似文献   

城市地区抗御地震灾害风险评估项目综述     

何玉林  韩渭宾  裴锡瑜  李广俊 《四川地震》2002,(4):35-38

城市地区抗御地震灾害风险评估项目系联合国在上世纪末为减轻地震灾害所实施的规模宏大，影响甚远的国际性研究项目，其宗旨是为了提高社会公众防灾意识，有效地减轻城市地区的地震灾害。这一历时2年的项目在有限的经费支持下，取得了令人瞩目的成绩。结合自贡市开展这个项目的实践。综合介绍和总结了该项目的情况及经验。  相似文献   

Determining Q of near-surface materials from Rayleigh waves     

Jianghai Xia  Richard D. Miller  Choon B. Park  Gang Tian 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2002,51(2-4)

High-frequency (≥2 Hz) Rayleigh wave phase velocities can be inverted to shear (S)-wave velocities for a layered earth model up to 30 m below the ground surface in many settings. Given S-wave velocity (V_S), compressional (P)-wave velocity (V_P), and Rayleigh wave phase velocities, it is feasible to solve for P-wave quality factor Q_P and S-wave quality factor Q_S in a layered earth model by inverting Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients. Model results demonstrate the plausibility of inverting Q_S from Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients. Contributions to the Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients from Q_P cannot be ignored when Vs/V_P reaches 0.45, which is not uncommon in near-surface settings. It is possible to invert Q_P from Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients in some geological setting, a concept that differs from the common perception that Rayleigh wave attenuation coefficients are always far less sensitive to Q_P than to Q_S. Sixty-channel surface wave data were acquired in an Arizona desert. For a 10-layer model with a thickness of over 20 m, the data were first inverted to obtain S-wave velocities by the multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method and then quality factors were determined by inverting attenuation coefficients.  相似文献   

城市震害高危害小区的研究和GIS的实现技术   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

帅向华  成小平  袁一凡 《地震》2002,22(3):113-119

论述了在城市地震灾害中如何考虑诸方面因素来评价城市的灾害轻重分布情况。中建立坑危害小区分析模型，设想将城市划分等面积网格，给每个单元网格赋予灾害指数，以确定城市中受灾较为严重的区域，为求灾指挥提供决策信息。同时，将高危害小区的模型研究结果转化为计算机技术可以实现的GIS模型。该研究结果已应用于泰安市防震减灾示范研究项目中。  相似文献   

企业地震预警系统应用研究   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

廖旭  黄河 《地震工程与工程振动》2002,22(6):142-149

在充分调研国外地震预警系统现状的基础上，进行了地震预警系统的研究，研制了相应的数据分析软件。采用数字化观测技术、GIS技术等高新技术，在中国石油天然气股份有限公司大连分公司建立了地震预警试验系统，并将该地震预警系统与地震应急系统相连，为今后开展类似工作积累了经验。  相似文献