THE DOWNSCALING FORECASTING OF SEASONAL PRECIPITATION IN GUANGDONG BASED ON CLIMATE FORECAST SYSTEMS PRODUCTS     

李春晖  林爱兰  谷德军  王婷  潘蔚娟  郑彬 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2014,20(2):143-153

The Climate Forecast Systems （CFS） datasets provided by National Centers for Environmental Prediction （NCEP）, which cover the time from 1981 to 2008, can be used to forecast atmospheric circulation nine months ahead. Compared with the NCEP datasets, CFS datasets successfully simulate many major features of the Asian monsoon circulation systems and exhibit reasonably high skill in simulating and predicting ENSO events. Based on the CFS forecasting results, a downscaling method of Optimal Subset Regression （OSR） and mean generational function model of multiple variables are used to forecast seasonal precipitation in Guangdong. After statistical analysis tests, sea level pressure, wind and geopotential height field are made predictors. Although the results are unstable in some individual seasons, both the OSR and multivariate mean generational function model can provide good forecasting as operational tests score more than sixty points. CFS datasets are available and updated in real time, as compared with the NCEP dataset. The downscaling forecast method based on the CFS datasets can predict three seasons of seasonal precipitation in Guangdong, enriching traditional statistical methods. However, its forecasting stability needs to be improved.  相似文献   

基于统计降尺度方法的夏季降水精细化预报     

黄惠镕  郭品文 《南京气象学院学报》2014,6(5):449-458

利用1999—2009年安徽省淮河以南地区60个县市站夏季逐日降水资料和安庆市探空站逐日资料,研究了中低层不同风向配置下局地降水与大尺度降水场之间的关系,以3种不同预报对象及相应的预报因子分别采用神经网络和线性回归方法设计6种预报模型对观测资料进行逼近和优化,从而实现空间降尺度.分析对比6种预报模型46站逐日降水量的拟合和预报效果,结果表明:采取相同的预报对象及预报因子的BP神经网络模型在拟合和预报效果上均好于线性回归模型,可见夏季降水场之间以非线性相关为主;神经网络模型预报结果同常用的Cressman插值预报相比,能很好地反映出降水的基本分布及局地特征;预报对象为单站降水序列的神经网络模型在以平原、河流为主要地形的区域预报效果较好,预报对象为REOF主成分的神经网络模型则在山地和丘陵地形区域预报效果较好.  相似文献   

Association between winter temperature in China and upper air circulation over East Asia revealed by canonical correlation analysis   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Deliang Chen  Youmin Chen 《Global and Planetary Change》2003,37(3-4):315

Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was used to study the relationship between the winter temperature in China and the circulation at 500 hPa over East Asia. CCA identifies a number of paired patterns that depend on Principle Component (PC) truncation of the two fields. Retaining more PCs usually gives more physically meaningful CCA patterns, but the leading paired pattern has often less explained variance. When fewer PCs are adopted, the leading pattern possesses larger variance. However, it is often distorted in comparison with PC or rotated PC patterns. Various combinations with different PC and CCA patterns remained were tried, which shows that retaining as many PCs as possible and using the first several CCAs instead of only the first give most reasonable connection mechanisms. A statistical downscaling model based on CCA modes linking temperature with circulation was established to quantify the extent to which temperature variation can be explained by circulation. The model was optimised by varying numbers of the PCs and the CCA modes retained. With 13th PC truncation in the circulation and 8th PC truncation in the temperature as well as five CCA modes retained, the optimal CCA model is achieved based on cross-validation. The optimal downscaling model accounts for 47.5% temperature variance on average. However, there is a remarkable regional difference, which ranges from 10% to 70% in brier-based score (BBS). It is concluded that 500-hPa circulation is strongly linked to surface temperature in parts of the country, but it alone is not sufficient to achieve a successful statistical downscaling of the temperature for whole China.  相似文献   

利用Landsat 7与GF-1 WFV影像反演地表温度     

符宝玲  琚锋  赵伟忠  许星 《测绘通报》2021,(11):124-127,135

地表温度在地气循环系统中具有重要作用,是目前地理学研究的重点。然而目前的国产高分辨率影像缺少热红外波段,且具有热红外波段的影像分辨率较低。基于此,本文利用低分辨率影像降尺度方法反演高分辨率影像的地表温度。首先通过Landsat 7影像的热红外波段,提取典型地物的地表温度;对GF-1 WFV影像进行预处理后,利用全约束最小二乘法对高分辨率影像进行混合像元分解;根据平均温度模型,得到高分辨率影像的地表温度,并进行降尺度,通过Landsat 7影像进行精度验证。验证结果显示,均方根误（RMSE）为1.40℃,平均绝对误差（MAE）为0.44℃,精度较高。  相似文献   

基于时间尺度分离的中国东部夏季降水预测   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘娜  李双林 《应用气象学报》2015,26(3):328-337

基于时间尺度分离,利用NCEP第2代气候预测系统 (CFSv2) 每年4月起报的夏季月平均预测资料, 结合实际观测资料和再分析资料,对江淮流域及华北地区夏季降水距平百分率进行降尺度预测。将预测量和预测因子分为年际分量和年代际分量,在两个时间尺度上分别建立降尺度模型,两个预测分量之和为总预测量。对1982—2008年拟合时段的夏季降水距平百分率的回报结果表明:降尺度预测结果相对于原始模式结果预测技巧显著提高。降尺度预测与实况降水在江淮流域和华北地区的空间相关系数最大值超过0.8,多年平均值也分别提高到0.53和0.51;时间相关在每个站点也显著增强,相关系数为0.38~0.65。对2009—2013年进行独立样本检验,结果表明:降尺度模型能较好地预测出该时段的降水异常空间型态。同时,该模型对2014年夏季降水长江以南偏多、黄淮地区偏少的分布形势也有一定预测能力。  相似文献   

基于TIGGE多模式降水量预报的统计降尺度研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

王海霞  智协飞 《气象科学》2015,35(4):430-437

利用TIGGE资料中欧洲中期天气预报中心、美国国家环境预报中心、英国气象局以及日本气象厅4个中心,1~7 d预报时效的降水量预报资料,以TRMM/3B42RT降水量作为"观测值",对东亚地区降水量进行统计降尺度处理。首先利用逻辑回归方法将天气分为有雨和无雨,再对有雨的情况,利用线性回归方法对插值后的预报结果进行降尺度订正,最后将4个中心的预报值进行消除偏差集合平均,得到多模式集成的降水量预报场。结果表明:逻辑回归能够有效地改善预报中小雨的空报情况,统计降尺度订正后的预报结果比直接插值更加准确,多模式集成的预报效果优于单模式结果,其改进效果随预报时效的延长逐渐减小。  相似文献   

Regional impacts of climate change on irrigation water demands     

S. Rehana  P. P. Mujumdar 《水文研究》2013,27(20):2918-2933

This paper presents an approach to model the expected impacts of climate change on irrigation water demand in a reservoir command area. A statistical downscaling model and an evapotranspiration model are used with a general circulation model (GCM) output to predict the anticipated change in the monthly irrigation water requirement of a crop. Specifically, we quantify the likely changes in irrigation water demands at a location in the command area, as a response to the projected changes in precipitation and evapotranspiration at that location. Statistical downscaling with a canonical correlation analysis is carried out to develop the future scenarios of meteorological variables (rainfall, relative humidity (RH), wind speed (U₂), radiation, maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperatures) starting with simulations provided by a GCM for a specified emission scenario. The medium resolution Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate GCM is used with the A1B scenario, to assess the likely changes in irrigation demands for paddy, sugarcane, permanent garden and semidry crops over the command area of Bhadra reservoir, India. Results from the downscaling model suggest that the monthly rainfall is likely to increase in the reservoir command area. RH, Tmax and Tmin are also projected to increase with small changes in U₂. Consequently, the reference evapotranspiration, modeled by the Penman–Monteith equation, is predicted to increase. The irrigation requirements are assessed on monthly scale at nine selected locations encompassing the Bhadra reservoir command area. The irrigation requirements are projected to increase, in most cases, suggesting that the effect of projected increase in rainfall on the irrigation demands is offset by the effect due to projected increase/change in other meteorological variables (viz., Tmax and Tmin, solar radiation, RH and U₂). The irrigation demand assessment study carried out at a river basin will be useful for future irrigation management systems. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Assessing the impacts of climate change on water quantity and quality modelling in small Slovenian Mediterranean catchment – lesson for policy and decision makers          下载免费PDF全文

Matjaž Glavan  Andrej Ceglar  Marina Pintar 《水文研究》2015,29(14):3124-3144

The study aims to address the long‐term impacts of six different downscaled Regional Climate Models (RCM) climate models on the quantity (river flow) and quality (sediment load, total nitrogen load and total phosphorus load) state of surface waters in the river Reka catchment, in the northern Mediterranean. Mediterranean areas are – due to high population density, favourable natural conditions for agriculture, limited water resources, diverse ecosystems biodiversity and expected climate change impacts – a global hotspot in climate research. Additionally, the study area lies on the border with the alpine climate zone, with a strong orographic effect on weather patterns. The location, and a wide range of studied parameters, provides an interesting insight into how various emerging climate change models may impact the status of surface waters and procedures for the governance of water resources. The study contributes to the knowledge and understanding of the climate change impact on the local catchment level, using the ensemble of the RCMs. It opens discussion about the impact of RCM selection on modelling climate changes with catchment models like Soil and Water Assessment Tool. This article also questions the usability of the results for the policy and decision makers in relation to the implementation of the results into short or long‐term water strategies or water/river management plans. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Trend and persistence of precipitation under climate change scenarios for Kansabati basin,India     

Ashok K. Mishra  Mehmet Özger  Vijay P. Singh 《水文研究》2009,23(16):2345-2357

With increasing uncertainties associated with climate change, precipitation characteristics pattern are receiving much attention these days. This paper investigated the impact of climate change on precipitation in the Kansabati basin, India. Trend and persistence of projected precipitation based on annual, wet and dry periods were studied using global climate model (GCM) and scenario uncertainty. A downscaling method based on Bayesian neural network was applied to project precipitation generated from six GCMs using two scenarios (A2 and B2). The precipitation values for any of three time periods (dry, wet and annual) do not show significant increasing or decreasing trends during 2001–2050 time period. There is likely an increasing trend in precipitation for annual and wet periods during 2051–2100 based on A2 scenario and a decreasing trend in dry period precipitation based on B2 scenario. Persistence during dry period precipitation among stations varies drastically based on historical data with the highest persistence towards north‐west part of the basin. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

动力延伸预报产品在东北地区月尺度气候预测中的释用及评估   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张运福  赵连伟  王大钧 《黑龙江气象》2008,25(3):1-3

针对东北地区53站的降水距平百分率和温度距平这两个基本业务要素,运用李维京等在1999年提出来的动力统计相结合和典型相关回归这两种方案,对国家气候中心T63动力延伸集合预报的500hPa月平均高度距平进行释用,对释用结果采用PS评分和同号率进行预测效果评估．结果表明：这两种方法有较好的应用价值。  相似文献