计算域的选取对风暴潮数值模拟的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

王秀芹  钱成春  王伟 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,31(3):319-324

作者以 72 0 3号台风过程中引起的黄海沿岸水文测站的风暴潮过程为例 ,选取不同计算域 ,模拟计算的同一测站的风暴潮增水值有很大差异。只有选取整个黄渤海海域 ,才能得到较精确的风暴潮增水结果。从而揭示在封闭或半封闭海域中由风暴过程激发的区域自由振荡 ,是风暴潮增水中不容忽视的量。说明该海域中的风暴潮过程是海域整体效应的响应 ,因此认为数值模拟中计算域应选取整个封闭或半封闭海域  相似文献   

SeagrassNet monitoring across the Americas: case studies of seagrass decline   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Frederick T. Short  Evamaria W. Koch  Joel C. Creed  Karine M. Magalhães  Eric Fernandez  & Jeffrey L. Gaeckle 《Marine Ecology》2006,27(4):277-289

Seagrasses are an important coastal habitat worldwide and are indicative of environmental health at the critical land–sea interface. In many parts of the world, seagrasses are not well known, although they provide crucial functions and values to the world's oceans and to human populations dwelling along the coast. Established in 2001, SeagrassNet, a monitoring program for seagrasses worldwide, uses a standardized protocol for detecting change in seagrass habitat to capture both seagrass parameters and environmental variables. SeagrassNet is designed to statistically detect change over a relatively short time frame (1–2 years) through quarterly monitoring of permanent plots. Currently, SeagrassNet operates in 18 countries at 48 sites; at each site, a permanent transect is established and a team of people from the area collects data which is sent to the SeagrassNet database for analysis. We present five case studies based on SeagrassNet data from across the Americas (two sites in the USA, one in Belize, and two in Brazil) which have a common theme of seagrass decline; the study represents a first latitudinal comparison across a hemisphere using a common methodology. In two cases, rapid loss of seagrass was related to eutrophication, in two cases losses related to climate change, and in one case, the loss is attributed to a complex trophic interaction resulting from the presence of a marine protected area. SeagrassNet results provide documentation of seagrass change over time and allow us to make scientifically supported statements about the status of seagrass habitat and the extent of need for management action.  相似文献   

湛江港风暴增水特征分析     

陈奕德  董兆俊  蒋国荣  罗坚 《海洋预报》2002,19(3):44-52

本文在统计1950－1997年影响湛江港的热带气旋的基础上，利用1953－1982年30年间湛江港发生的风暴增水的资料，对湛江港风暴增水的总体特征进行了分析，总结出湛江港风暴增水的特征在于季节分布的不均匀、大的正增水和高实测水位出现频繁、造成的风暴潮灾比较严重；通过两类典型风暴潮的详细分析，结果表明：湛江港的风暴增水与影响湛江的热带气旋密切相关，大的风暴增水主要由台风引起，湛江港的地理位置也是影响风暴增水的重要因子。  相似文献   

Centurial and decadal oceanographic influences on changes in northern gannet populations and diets in the north-west Atlantic: implications for climate change   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

Montevecchi  W. A.; Myers  R. A. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1997,54(4):608-614

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Ice Sheet-Thermohaline Circulation Interactions in a Climate Model of Intermediate Complexity   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Zhaomin Wang  Lawrence A. Mysak 《Journal of Oceanography》2001,57(4):481-494

A vertically integrated dynamic ice sheet model is coupled to the atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-land surface climate model recently developed by Wang and Mysak (2000). The background lateral (east-west) ice sheet discharge rate used by Gallee et al. (1992) is reduced and the planetary emissivity is increased (to parameterize the cooling effect of a decrease of the atmospheric CO₂ concentration), in order to build up substantial ice sheets during a glacial period and hence set the stage for ice sheet-thermohaline circulation (THC) interactions. The following iceberg calving scheme is then introduced: when the maximum model height of the North American ice sheet reaches a critical value (2400 m), a prescribed lateral discharged rate is imposed on top of the background discharge rate for a finite time. Per a small prescribed discharge rate, repeated small iceberg calving events occur, which lead to millennial-scale climate cycles with small amplitudes. These are a crude representation of Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations. Over one such cycle, the zonally averaged January surface air temperature (SAT) drops about 1.5°C at 72.5°N. However, a large prescribed lateral discharge rate leads to the shut down of the THC. In this case, the January SAT drops about 5°C at 72.5°N, the sea ice extent advances equatorward from 57.5° to 47.5°N and the net ice accumulation rate at the grid of maximum ice sheet height is reduced from 0.24 to 0.15 m/y. Since data strongly suggest that a collapsed THC was not a steady state during the last glacial, we restore the THC by increasing the vertical diffusivity in the North Atlantic Ocean for a finite time. The resulting climate cycles associated with conveyor-on and conveyor-off phases have much larger amplitudes; furthermore, the strong iceberg calving events lead to a larger loss of ice sheet mass and hence the period of the oscillations is longer (several thousand years). This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

南海大气低层风场的气候特征分析     

黄志兴  刘嘉玲 《热带海洋学报》1995,(4)

分析１９８０－１９８７年欧洲中长期预报中心（ＥＣＭＷＦ）每日风场、温度场格点资料及同期南海区域测站和船舶资料，讨论南海低层风场的气候特征。南海为典型的季风活动区，冬季盛行东北季风，夏季盛行西南季风。流场的季节转换表现为季风系统的交替，相应不同的季风系统，南北温度梯度有一逆转过程，南海北部是温度梯度大且发生明显逆转的海区。１２°Ｎ以南海区气温全年变化极小，整个海区大气温度的季节变化不如流场变化快和显著。  相似文献   

青岛地区的台风暴潮与潮灾   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李培顺 《海洋预报》1994,11(4):47-51

本文分析了青岛沿海地区的台风暴潮灾害状况，给出了潮位与海浪的联合作用对灾的影响关系式，提出了今后风暴潮预报的思路。  相似文献   

Climatic effects on plankton and productivity on the Faroe Shelf   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hansen  Bogi; Eliasen  Solva K.; Gaard  Eilif; Larsen  Karin M.H. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2005,62(7):1224-1232

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杰氏风暴潮预报方法在珠海及粤西海域的应用     

魏晓宇  窦金来  黄根华  周求赞  陈强  王欣睿 《台湾海峡》2007,26(2):197-203

本文通过杰氏风暴潮预报方法对历史上给珠海和粤西海域造成较大影响的台风增水事件进行后报试验,并通过统计分析方法对原有的预报公式进行订正,总结出适合珠海及粤西海域的风暴潮预报公式.利用5a的时间对珠海及粤西海域的台风增水进行试报,结果表明预报准确率分别达95.0%和87.6%,尤其对一些增水较大、影响较严重的台风增水预报相对更加准确,预报准确率均达90.0%以上.这说明订正后的公式对珠海及粤西海域的风暴潮预报能得到较好的预报效果.  相似文献   

地形变化对青岛地区风暴潮灾影响的一次模拟   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

江文胜  孙文心 《海洋预报》2002,19(1):97-104

本文以8509台风为例，模拟了因地形变化而对青岛地区风暴潮灾的影响。结果显示，如果胶州湾口外局部地形变深，在8509台风的情况下，风暴增水会造成一定程度的增加，而且对底层风暴潮流会造成更大的影响。  相似文献