基于PCP-C耦合模型的流域洪水分类研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘玉邦  梁川 《水文》2010,30(1)

洪水过程受多要素综合影响,因此多指标的综合分类方法成为目前洪水分类研究的主要趋势.针对目前多指标洪水综合分类方法中存在的诸多不足,可采用主成分投影-聚类(PCP-C)耦合模型进行洪水分类.该方法首先对原始指标数据进行无量纲化(均值化)处理,再对处理后的数据矩阵进行正交变换,由此将原指标转换成彼此正交的综合指标,并利用各主成分设计一个理想决策向量,以各被评价对象相应的决策向量在理想决策方向上的投影值作为一维的综合分类指标.最后通过对各分类样本的一维投影值的聚类分析,得到分类结果.实例分析表明,建议方法简单,模型构建容易,计算简便,分类直观简洁,可行性强.  相似文献   

山东省油页岩资源特征及开发利用前景          下载免费PDF全文

薛成  邢楠  赵赫  杨栋栋  曹治国 《山东国土资源》2014,30(6)

随着石油资源可用量的不断减少,页岩气、油页岩、油砂与稠油作为一种新能源,近年来备受人们的重视。山东省存在着丰富的油页岩资源。近年来笔者通过收集前人相关资料、野外地质填图、钻探编录、典型矿区考察、关键样品化验分析等手段对其进行了初步研究,初步认识了山东地区油页岩的资源特征及其形成环境,对未来山东地区油页岩矿的预测及潜力的评价具有一定的指导与借鉴作用。  相似文献   

Robustness of Precipitation Projections in China:Comparison between CMIP5 and CMIP3 Models          下载免费PDF全文

CHEN Huo-Po  SUN Jian-Qi 《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(1)

Three sources of uncertainty in model projections of precipitation change in China for the 21st century were separated and quantified: internal variability,inter-model variability,and scenario uncertainty.Simulations from models involved in the third phase and the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP3 and CMIP5) were compared to identify improvements in the robustness of projections from the latest generation of models.No significant differences were found between CMIP3 and CMIP5 in terms of future precipitation projections over China,with the two datasets both showing future increases.The uncertainty can be attributed firstly to internal variability,and then to both inter-model and internal variability.Quantification analysis revealed that the uncertainty in CMIP5 models has increased by about 10%–60% with respect to CMIP3,despite significant improvements in the latest generation of models.The increase is mainly due to the increase of internal variability in the initial decades,and then mainly due to the increase of inter-model variability thereafter,especially by the end of this century.The change in scenario uncertainty shows no major role,but makes a negative contribution to begin with,and then an increase later.  相似文献   

Statistical Downscaling of FGOALS-s2 Projected Precipitation in Eastern China          下载免费PDF全文

DAI Yi-Feng  LIU Yi-Min  JIN Ji-Ming 《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):388-394

A statistical regression downscaling method was used to project future changes in precipitation over eastern China based on Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project （CMIPS） the Representative Concentration Pathway （RCP） scenarios simulated by the second spectral version of the Flexible Global Ocean- Atmosphere-Land System （FGOALS-s2） model. Our val- idation results show that the downscaled time series agree well with the present observed precipitation in terms of both the annual mean and the seasonal cycle. The regres- sion models built from the historical data are then used to generate future projections. The results show that the en- hanced land-sea thermal contrast strengthens both the subtropical anticyclone over the western Pacific and the east Asian summer monsoon flow under both RCPs. However, the trend of precipitation in response to warming over the 21 st century are different across eastern Chi- na under different RCPs. The area to the north of 32°N is likely to experience an increase in annual mean precipitation, while for the area between 23°N and 32°N mean precipitation is projected to decrease slightly over this century under RCP8.5. The change difference between scenarios mainly exists in the middle and late century. The land-sea thermal contrast and the associated east Asian summer monsoon flow are stronger, such that precipitation increases more, at higher latitudes under RCP8.5 compared to under RCP4.5. For the region south of 32°N, rainfall is projected to increase slightly under RCP4.5 but decrease under RCP8.5 in the late century. At the high resolution of 5 km, our statistically downscaled results for projected precipitation can be used to force hydrological models to project hydrological processes, which will be of great benefit to regional water planning and management.  相似文献   

定向岩芯构造分析及在金矿勘查中的运用     

杨泉宁  杜菊民  徐明钻  蔡卫东  陈峰  郭栋梁 《江苏地质》2014,38(3):479-482

系统测量定向岩芯中构造面的α角和β角,结合钻孔的方位角和钻孔倾角,通过赤平投影可以还原真实的构造面产状.通过穿过金矿体的定向岩芯的构造编录和系统分析,计算矿体中的主要含矿节理、含矿蚀变带等构造面的产状,并进行统计分析,可以了解矿化与各类构造之间的关系,计算矿体的空间产状,并推断主矿体的延伸等,为矿区的深部勘查设计提供依据.  相似文献   

山东省油页岩资源特征及开发利用前景     

薛成  邢楠  赵赫  杨栋栋  曹治国 《山东地质》2014,(6):28-31

随着石油资源可用量的不断减少,页岩气、油页岩、油砂与稠油作为一种新能源,近年来备受人们的重视。山东省存在着丰富的油页岩资源。近年来笔者通过收集前人相关资料、野外地质填图、钻探编录、典型矿区考察、关键样品化验分析等手段对其进行了初步研究,初步认识了山东地区油页岩的资源特征及其形成环境,对未来山东地区油页岩矿的预测及潜力的评价具有一定的指导与借鉴作用。  相似文献   

光学显微镜成像方式及投影冷光源的分频合成探讨     

赵应权  沈忠民  王鹏 《岩矿测试》2014,33(5):674-680

传统显微镜光源主要包括卤素灯光源、纯水过滤热射线光源、LED光源等,由于卤素灯光源含有大量760~1400 nm区段的红外线,纯水过滤热射线光源滤除红外线不彻底且水会导致透射光线的部分散射,LED光源在500 nm波长附近的光照强度不足、波形存在缺陷,容易灼伤样品或使成像质量受限,都难以满足需要采用大功率冷光源进行无损、高质量显微观察成像和测试的要求。本文在总结光学显微镜的成像方式、光源类型及各类光源优缺点的基础上,提出了采用三棱镜-凸透镜组分频合成冷光源的新思路。该思路首先利用三棱镜将卤素灯光源光谱按频率顺序打开,然后选择可见光区域内的光谱,用凸透镜组校正可见光方向后,再由三棱镜将这些可见光合成不含热射线的冷光源。理论和砂岩荧光薄片实际测试效果表明,该方法既可完全排除热射线,从而使样品免遭受破坏,又保持了完整的可见光光谱,解决了大功率冷光源红外线生热和光谱存在缺陷的难题,这为采用大功率冷光源的光学显微镜投影高质量成像提供了新的方法及切实可行的依据。该套分频合成光源的装置主要配置为:玻璃材质的同规格的三棱镜与凸透镜各两个,卤素灯光源一个。结构简单,可在需使用大功率冷光源进行无损成像和测试等方面获得广泛的应用。  相似文献   

福建大田坵地银多金属矿地质特征及找矿远景     

李金清 《福建地质》2014,(3):161-167

大田坵地银多金属矿位于大田一雄峰北北东向复式向斜褶皱的东北段,区内断裂构造发育,多期次断裂构造活动为成矿物质充填、交代富集提供有利条件。矿体产于早三叠世溪口组中的北东-北北东向断裂带内,呈透镜状产出。容矿岩石为绿帘石角岩、角岩化钙硅质粉砂岩。通过对区域地质背景及矿床地质特征综合分析,认为该矿床属热液充填-交代型。  相似文献   

青海省都兰县阿拉克湖地区水系沉积物地球化学特征及找矿方向     

颜自给  李学彪 《矿产与地质》2014,(1):58-65

分析了区内的水系沉积物地球化学参数特征及其元素的相关性,认为元素(地球化学)异常(高值区)严格受东昆中断裂带、东昆南断裂带、布青山南坡乌断裂带,以及阿尼玛卿蛇绿岩带和东昆中蛇绿岩带,古-中元古代地层、岩体接触带、热液活动、脉岩等因素联合控制。根据异常特征与成矿地质条件,圈定了找矿远景区5个,且为该区下一步的找矿工作指明了方向。  相似文献   

抵偿高程面任意带高斯投影坐标系统的变形分析及应用     

曾学宏  杨燕 《东北测绘》2014,(2):198-200

对投影变形问题进行了分析,结合实例,探讨了抵偿高程面任意带高斯投影对控制投影变形的实用性。  相似文献