城市居民出境旅游风险感知维度选划——以上海市为例     

吴国清 《地域研究与开发》2017,36(1)

伴随着中国公民出境旅游的持续增长,出境旅游风险频度也不断升级,危害程度不断加剧。依据旅游风险感知维度相关研究成果与实地抽样调查数据统计分析,以上海市为例,选划城市居民出境旅游风险感知维度,并结合政府部门出境提示预警、游客对出境旅游的有效投诉、企业出境旅游产品风险等级测评等相关数据,分别从出境旅游服务需求方和提供方视角对出境旅游风险感知维度进行甄别及差异校验,旨在为城市居民出境旅游风险管控与可持续发展决策提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Elements and Element Components of the Rural Landscape in Linpan of Western Sichuan in Relation to Perception,Preference and Stress Recovery     

LUO Hao  DENG Li  JIANG Songlin  FU Erkang  MA Jun  SUN Lingxia  JIANG Mingyan  CAI Shizhen  JIA Yin  CAI Jun  LI Xi 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2021,12(3):384-396

Natural environments contribute to people’s perception, preference and health restoration. Many researchers have focused either on the positive effects of overall rural environments on stress recovery or concentrated on the perception and preference aspects of the rural landscape, but few have integrated perception, preference and stress recovery simultaneously. This paper developed a framework which includes 11 elements and 38 element components related to Linpan, China, and distributed it online as part of a survey. As a result, a total of 324 valid questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire included demographic details, perception and preference degree for Linpan, as well as self-estimations of stress recovery. Stepwise multiple linear regression was employed, and revealed 16 significant predictors for the perception, preference and stress recovery in rural environments. In terms of elements, atmosphere and imagery were the two elements that could be best perceived, while woodland, farmland, water, residence and road were the five most important elements for the preference. Moreover, seven elements were also identified as significant predictors for stress recovery. Among the element components, tranquility as well as road and water proximity were the two significant predictors for perception, while wide visibility as well as woodland and residence blending contributed significantly to stress recovery. The five element components of woodland interior, vegetable field, stream, courtyard space and branch road each had a significantly predictive ability for preference and stress recovery. These findings extend the understanding of the perception, preference and restorative properties of rural environments through the combination of elements and element components in Linpan of Western Sichuan, helping to improve the quality and characteristics of rural external and internal environments and create health-promoting environments.  相似文献   

国家中心城市竞争力及其职能演变——基于上市企业总部的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘峰华  杨博飞 《地理研究》2018,37(7):1364-1376

国家中心城市是核心和枢纽城市,也是大企业最为集聚的地方。企业总部是企业的决策和命令中心,拥有大企业总部的数量及企业总部规模是衡量国家中心城市竞争力的重要指标。利用国内上市企业的数据,计算中国城市的控制和命令指数（简称CCI指数）,从全国尺度考察北京、上海和广州等8个国家中心城市的竞争力及其职能演化,并剖析国家中心城市总部职能的专业化格局。结果发现：北京和上海两个城市控制和支配功能要远远强于其他国家中心城市,一直位居前两位。从2005年到2014年,北京的CCI指数显著增强,且优势逐渐扩大。北京地位的显著提升很大程度上得益于金融业央企的上市和增长,这是北京作为政治中心的独特优势进一步释放的结果。而其余国家中心城市的CCI指数大多呈现下降趋势。在行业上,金融业、制造业和采矿业一直占据中国经济的主要控制与支配地位。过去10年,金融业在经济中的地位显著增强,尤其是东部大城市的金融业CCI指数普遍有大幅提升;相反,制造业和采矿业的控制与支配功能则明显减弱。对国家中心城市的分析来看,北京、上海和广州在大部分行业中都具有明显优势,属于全国性的综合型大城市。而其余5个国家中心城市的功能专业化程度较低。此外,8个国家中心城市与周边区域发展的相互联系存在明显差异,究其原因在于区域经济发展程度和城市产业发展特点。  相似文献   

Conserving Biodiversity in Farm Animals: Do Farmer and Public Biodiversity Knowledge and Awareness Matter?     

Albert Boaitey  Ellen Goddard  Getu Hailu 《社会与自然资源》2018,31(8):960-976

Increases in biodiversity losses are a growing concern globally. In farm animals, related concerns about losses in genetic diversity have potentially increased with the emergence of breeding technologies that allow for faster genetic change in herds. Farmer and public acceptance of specific breeding practices can be influenced by a number of factors, including concerns about biodiversity and knowledge of biodiversity. The link between these factors and acceptance of new genetic technologies, if it exists, may help explain concerns about genetic technologies. This article examines the effect of attitudes and knowledge about biodiversity on the acceptance of genomic selection in livestock production using farmer and public survey data from Canada. Our results suggest that the link between biodiversity concerns and the acceptance of genomic selection is more robust for the public than for farmers. We also find that biodiversity knowledge and attitudes have opposite effects on acceptance of genomic selection.  相似文献   

Developing Governance Principles for Public Natural Resources     

Darragh Hare  Ann B. Forstchen  Christian A. Smith  Daniel J. Decker 《社会与自然资源》2018,31(3):382-388

Wildlife governance principles (WGPs) identify desirable governance characteristics for wildlife conservation in the United States (US). The types of institutional, ecological, and socio-cultural challenges that WGPs are designed to address also affect governance of public natural resources other than wildlife and in places other than the US. This raises the possibility that a similar set of governance principles might help natural resource professionals working in other resource contexts address the particular challenges they face. We describe the process by which we developed WGPs and offer seven practically oriented questions to help natural resource professionals ascertain whether a similar set of principles could improve governance in their context. In some contexts, minor modification of WGPs might be appropriate; in others, the process by which we developed WGPs could serve as a blueprint for formulating appropriate principles.  相似文献   

中小城市基本公共服务水平区域均等化的动态分析     

卢小君  张新宇 《地域研究与开发》2017,36(4)

选取基础教育、社会保障、基本医疗、公共文化四大类指标,利用2008—2013年我国26个省份163个中小城市的统计数据,测度了其基本公共服务水平区域均等化程度的动态变化。结果表明:中小城市基本公共服务平均水平呈上升趋势;基础教育和基本医疗的区域均等化程度较好,社会保障和公共文化的区域差异较大;基本公共服务水平表现出空间集聚发展态势,东高西低的分布格局呈加剧之势。优化公共财政体制建设,加强省份间协同发展是促进基本公共服务均等化的重要途径。  相似文献   

空间功能视角下的公共服务对房价的影响——以成都市为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张少尧  宋雪茜  邓伟 《地理科学进展》2017,36(8):995-1005

房价的快速上涨和城市内部房价的巨大差异引起社会广泛关注,调控房价,防止局部区域房价过热势在必行。本文从城市空间功能的视角出发,以成都市2016年房价为例,基于地理探测器分析公共服务对房价的影响。结果表明：成都平均房价为8480元/m²,并从市中心沿交通环线和放射状干线同时向郊区递减,形成圈层加放射格局,总体上呈现西高东低、南高北低的特点。公共服务(主要包括医疗、金融和教育服务)对房价的影响以第三圈层和西南方最为显著,且高于城市层面上整体的影响。公共服务对房价的影响显著受不同区域的空间功能差异的影响,公共服务和空间功能差异会加剧房价的分异格局,并推动局部房价过热。因此,显著地受到在房价调控中,不仅要有传统的金融、经济政策,还要注重空间功能和公共服务的优化。  相似文献   

人文主义地理学对城市空间文本的解读——以《北京文脉》插图为例     

周尚意  许伟麟  李建平 《地理科学进展》2017,36(9):1051-1057

人文主义地理学是地理学的一种认识论,其特点是我向性、诉诸情感和感悟性。以往的人文主义地理学分析案例多关注地方感的主体性,而对认识与被认识的循环过程中的人文主义特点关注不够。本文以《北京文脉》一书的三幅插图为例,对比插图者自述和读者(本文作者）的读后感,分析北京城市空间认识过程中的人性提升。主要结论有二,一是在三幅插图的作者和读者的空间认识过程中,感悟性更重要;二是插图作者和读者均经历了“文本—基于文本的感悟—超越文本的提升”的认识循环,这个过程是人性提升的必然途径。因此,在每次修改城市规划时,人们一定要回答人性有何提升。  相似文献   

辽宁省基本公共服务均等化水平时空格局研究     

刘春涛  韩增林  彭飞  刘馨阳 《地域研究与开发》2016,(3)

通过构建基本公共服务均等化水平评价指标体系,采用集对分析法对2003—2013年辽宁省14个城市的基本公共服务水平进行测度,并对其时空格局进行分析。研究表明:自2003年实施东北振兴战略以来,辽宁省的基本公共服务均等化水平得到较大幅度提高,总体上呈由低水平向高水平演进的趋势,并具有明显的阶段性特征;基本公共服务的市际间绝对差异和相对差异均呈缩小趋势,低水平地区的"赶超效应"明显。空间上呈现出"中部凸起、两翼塌陷"的格局。各类型城市中,中心城市基本公共服务水平最高,资源型城市次之,一般地级市水平最差。  相似文献   

基于时空大数据的城市脉动分析研究     

彭玲  李祥  徐逸之  陈文建  胡媛  李高盛  尤承增 《地理信息世界》2016,(3):5-12

随着新型城镇化建设成为了国家战略,各地政府掀起了智慧城市建设热潮。在智慧城市建设中,公共信息平台建设是不可或缺的重要基础环节。随着平台的深入运行,逐步积累了大量的城市数据。但是,数据资源中蕴含的知识远未得到充分挖掘和应用,致使数据爆炸但知识匮乏。因此,基于数据时空和专题属性,建立科学的城市数据体系是城市管理的迫切需求;同时,基于数据体系,揭示各类数据随时空变化规律,展现城市脉动发展情况是城市决策重要的依据,也是观察和诊治"城市病"的重要技术手段。我们以中新天津生态城所建成的大数据汇聚公共平台为依托,基于数据挖掘技术手段,针对环境、能源、交通脉动进行研究并取得初步成果,科学地揭示了"城市脉动"变化规律,使平台数据发挥最大价值。脉动分析结果以可视化手段表现,反映城市各项指标脉动变化特征。  相似文献