陕西降水季节及季节内振荡的气候特征     

黄少妮  许新田  王丹 《干旱气象》2014,(1):46-51

利用谐波分析、功率谱分析的方法,对陕西82个站点1962~2006年逐日降水资料进行气候平均分析,研究气候平均态下陕西降水季节及季节内振荡的时空分布特征。结果表明,陕西大部分地区降水主要以季节变化(年循环)为主,降水准双周振荡在全省范围都比较显著,降水30~60 d季节内振荡的显著分布区域主要集中在关中和陕南,这种地域分布与副热带高压随东亚夏季风南北移动有很大关系;气候平均态下降水的准双周振荡幅度于4月中旬开始逐渐加强,7~9月振幅最强,10~11月开始逐渐减弱;降水准双周振荡显著时期主要在夏季,而30~60 d季节内振荡在全省全年都存在,夏季比冬季振幅大,陕南和关中地区最大振幅出现在7月初。  相似文献   

江淮流域夏季降水的准两年振荡特征及其关联因子分析          下载免费PDF全文

张璟  智协飞  缪锴  罗晓蔚 《大气科学学报》2014,37(5):541-547

利用1951—2010年我国江淮流域11个测站夏季(6—8月)降水资料和NCAR提供的北半球月平均海平面气压场资料以及相关的西太平洋副高指数资料,采用Morlet小波变换、交叉小波变换及相关分析等方法讨论了降水准两年振荡现象的年际变化规律及其与东亚夏季风、副高的关系。结果表明,准两年振荡分量在江淮地区夏季降水场的年际振荡中十分重要,且经历了由强到弱再到强的变化过程;同时降水与夏季风强度及副高脊线位置的准两年变化均存在较好的同期相关,彼此间的相互影响还体现在年际尺度上,并分别在4 a和1 a时间尺度上有明显的滞后、超前关系。  相似文献   

The Relationship between the El Nin o/La Nin a Cycle and the Transition Chains of Four Atmospheric OscillationsPart I: The Four Oscillations简     

PENG Jingbei  CHEN Lieting  ZHANG Qingyun 《大气科学进展》2014,31(2):468-479

The first leading modes of the interannual variations in low-level circulation over the North and South Pacific are the Northern Oscillation （NO） and Southern Oscillation （SO）,which are oscillations in sea level pressure anomalies （SLPAs）between the eastern and western Pacific Ocean.The second leading modes are the North Pacific Oscillation （NPO） and the Antarctic Oscillation （AAO）,which reflect oscillations between the subtropics and the high and middle latitudes.The transition chains of these four oscillations were investigated using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP-NCAR） reanalysis data.The general pattern of the transition chain between the NO and NPO was from the negative phase of the NO （NO-） to the positive phase of the NPO （NPO＋）,then from NO＋ to NPO-to NO-.The whole transition chain took about 4-6 years.The general pattern and period of the transition between the SO and AAO were similar to those between the NO and NPO.In addition,the transition chains between the NO and NPO,and the SO and AAO,were almost simultaneous.The transition chains of the four oscillations were found to be closely connected,with the eastward propagations of SLPAs occurring along both sides of the Equator.  相似文献   

The 30–60-day Intraseasonal Oscillations over the Subtropical Western North Pacific during the Summer of 1998简     

LU Riyu  DONG Huilin  SU Qin  Hui DING 《大气科学进展》2014,31(1):1-7

The features of 30-60-day convection oscillations over the subtropical western North Pacific （WNP） were investigated, along with the degree of tropical-subtropical linkage between the oscillations over the WNP during summer 1998. It was found that 30-60-day oscillations were extremely strong in that summer over both the subtropical and tro]~ical WNP, providing a unique opportunity to study the behavior of subtropical oscillations and their relationship to tropical oscillations. Further analyses indicated that 30-60-day oscillations propagate westwards over the subtropical WNP and reach eastern China. In addition, 30-60-day oscillations in the subtropics are affected by those over the South China Sea （SCS） and tropical WNP through two mechanisms： （1） direct propagation from the tropics into the subtropics; and （2） a seesaw pattern between the tropics and subtropics, with the latter being predominant.  相似文献   

Planetary-Scale Wave Structures of the Earth’s Atmosphere Revealed from the COSMIC Observations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

S. K. A. V. Prasad Rao ANISETTY  P. S. BRAHMANANDAM  G. UMA  A. Narendra BABU  HUANG Ching-Yuang  G. Anil KUMAR  S. Tulasi RAM  WANG Hsiao-Lan  CHU Yen-Hsyang 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(2):281-295

GPS radio occultation（GPS RO） method,an active satellite-to-satellite remote sensing technique,is capable of producing accurate,all-weather,round the clock,global refractive index,density,pressure,and temperature profiles of the troposphere and stratosphere.This study presents planetary-scale equatorially trapped Kelvin waves in temperature profiles retrieved using COSMIC（Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate） satellites during 2006-2009 and their interactions with background atmospheric conditions.It is found that the Kelvin waves are not only associated with wave periods of higher than 10 days（slow Kelvin waves） with higher zonal wave numbers（either 1 or 2）,but also possessing downward phase progression,giving evidence that the source regions of them are located at lower altitudes.A thorough verification of outgoing longwave radiation（OLR） reveals that deep convection activity has developed regularly over the Indonesian region,suggesting that the Kelvin waves are driven by the convective activity.The derived Kelvin waves show enhanced（diminished） tendencies during westward（eastward） phase of the quasi-biennial oscillation（QBO） in zonal winds,implying a mutual relation between both of them.The El Nino and Southern Oscillation（ENSO） below 18 km and the QBO features between 18 and 27km in temperature profiles are observed during May 2006-May 2010 with the help of an adaptive data analysis technique known as Hilbert Huang Transform（HHT）.Further,temperature anomalies computed using COSMIC retrieved temperatures are critically evaluated during different phases of ENSO,which has revealed interesting results and are discussed in light of available literature.  相似文献   

Intraseasonal Oscillation of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon and Its Influence on Regionally Persistent Heavy Rain over Southern China          下载免费PDF全文

CHEN Guanjun  WEI Fengying  ZHOU Xiuji 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(2):213-229

The intraseasonal oscillation（ISO） in the South China Sea summer monsoon（SCSSM） and its influence on regionally persistent heavy rain（RPHR） over southern China are examined by using satelhte outgoing long wave radiation,NCEP/NCAR reanalysis,and gridded rainfall station data in China from 1981 to 2010.The most important feature of the ISO in SCSSM,contributing to the modulation of RPHR,is found to be the fluctuation in the western Pacific subtropical high（WPSH）,along with a close link to the Madden-Julian oscillation（MJO）.Southern China is divided into three regions by using rotated empirical orthogonal functions（REOFs）for intraseasonal rainfall,where the incidence rate of RPHR is closely linked to the intraseasonal variation in rainfall.It is found that SCSSM ISOs are the key systems controlling the intraseasonal variability in rainfall and can be described by the leading pair of empirical orthogonal functions（EOFs） for the 850-hPa zonal wind over the SCS and southern China.Composite analyses based on the principal components（PCs） of the EOFs indicate that the ISO process in SCSSM exhibits as the east-west oscillation of the WPSH,which is coupled with the northward-propagating MJO,creating alternating dry and wet phases over southern China with a period of 40 days.The wet phases provide stable and lasting circulation conditions that promote RPHR.However,differences in the ISO structures can be found when RPHR occurs in regions where the WPSH assumes different meridional positions.Further examination of the meridional-phase structure suggests an important role of northward-propagating ISO and regional air-sea interaction in the ISO process in SCSSM.  相似文献   

第四纪两类千年尺度气候振荡现象及机理研究     

张晓  张旭 《地学前缘》2022,29(5):322-333

千年尺度气候突变事件是第四纪冰期普遍存在的气候现象。这些事件可以被分为两类,一类为Dansgaard-Oeschger Event (DO事件),另一类为海因里希(Heinrich Stadial,HS)事件,后者有时也被认为是一种特殊的DO事件,因此也被称为 HS-DO事件。HS事件期间北大西洋冰架的融化一般对应DO振荡的冷相位,这与通常认为的冰架在较冷气候下体积增加并不相符。这两类事件在北大西洋重建数据中表现得最为明显,但其气候影响具有全球性。由于没有显著的外强迫驱动这两类气候突变事件,自20世纪90年代首次被确认以来,HS-DO事件一直是古气候界关注的重点,且人们对其触发机理仍没有定论。本文基于目前对这两类千年事件的研究现状,集中总结了目前已有的可反映千年事件的重建数据,利用已有的模拟工作,重点回顾了现有的机制理论,评述了目前研究DO事件以及HS-DO事件的局限性,并对其后续工作,尤其是模拟部分,进行了展望。  相似文献   

Resonance of baroclinic waves in the tropical oceans: The Indian Ocean and the far western Pacific     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2020

The Indian Ocean has a particularity, its width is close to half the wavelength of a Rossby wave of biannual frequency, this coincidence having been capitalized on by several authors to give the observations a physical basis. The purpose of this article is to show that this is not the case since the resonance of tropical baroclinic waves occurs in all three oceans. This is because the westward-propagating Rossby wave is retroflexed at the western boundary to form off-equatorial Rossby waves dragged by countercurrents before receding and turning back as a Kelvin wave. Thus a quasi-stationary baroclinic wave is formed, whose mean period is tuned to the forcing period. Two independent basin modes resonantly forced are highlighted – 1) a nearly symmetric zonal 1/2-yr period Quasi-Stationary Wave (QSW) that is resonantly forced by the biannual monsoon. It is formed from first baroclinic mode equatorial-trapped Rossby and Kelvin waves and off-equatorial Rossby waves at the western antinode. This QSW controls the Equatorial Counter Current at the node. The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) results from a subharmonic mode locking resulting from the coupling of this QSW and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th baroclinic modes - 2) a 1-yr period QSW formed from an off-equatorial baroclinic Rossby wave, which is induced from the southernmost current of the Indonesian Throughflow through the Timor passage, propagating in the southern and northern hemispheres: the drivers are south-easterlies in the southern hemisphere and monsoon wind in the northern hemisphere.  相似文献   

1991、1998和2016年三个大水年长江中下游夏季降水季节内特征的对比     

黄桢  李双林  张超 《热带气象学报》2020,36(1):13-24

针对长江中下游三个大水年1991、1998和2016年,利用NCEP/NCAR大气环流再分析资料和CMAP降水资料,对比了夏季降水的季节内特征,分析了引起降水季节内变化的大气环流季节内振荡ISO演变及源地。小波分析表明,三年季节内降水周期差异明显,分别为20~30 d、20~40 d和10~20 d。随之,以东亚季风区季节内振荡指数及热带外Rossby波活动通量,诊断了引起三年季节内活动异常的热带和中纬度ISO变率特点。结果显示影响三年季节内降水的ISO差异较大。1991年受到来自印度洋10~30 d和中纬度高层Rossby波10~30 d的ISO共同影响,造成周期为20~30 d的低频降水;1998年ISO来源路径单一,受中北太平洋30~60 d和10~30 d的ISO西传叠加作用,降水表现为20~40 d的振荡;引起2016年季节内降水异常的ISO源地较多,既有来自印度洋向东北传播30~60 d的ISO,又有来自太平洋向西北传播10~30 d的ISO,还有来自热带外10~30 d的ISO,三者在长江中下游汇合,引起降水10~20 d的振荡。研究结果对认识长江中下游夏季集中降水的形成有重要意义。   相似文献   

大气季节内振荡对夏季登陆广东台风的影响     

叶烁旎  凌征 《广东气象》2020,(2):1-6

基于热带气旋最佳路径资料和向外长波辐射数据,结合高斯滤波、经验正交函数分解和合成分析等方法,探讨了20~90 d周期的MJO(Madden-Julian Oscillation)和10~20 d周期的QBWO(Quasi-Biweekly Oscillation)两类大气季节内振荡对夏季(5-9月)登陆广东台风的影响。结果表明:MJO和QBWO对登陆广东台风个数、强度、位置和运动方向均有显著影响:当MJO和QBWO的对流中心(抑制中心)靠近广东沿岸时,登陆广东的台风数量多(少)、强度大(小)、登陆位置偏东(西)、登陆后东向运动的台风数量偏多(少)。在此基础上,还进一步探讨了MJO和QBWO对生成于南海和西北太平洋的这两类登陆广东台风的影响及两者对登陆广东台风的共同影响。  相似文献