Evaluation of seismic displacement demands from the September 19, 2017 Puebla‐Morelos (Mw = 7.1) earthquake in Mexico City          下载免费PDF全文

Jorge Ruiz‐García  Eduardo Miranda 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(13):2726-2732

This short communication presents the assessment of seismic inelastic and elastic displacement demands computed from earthquake ground motions (EQGMs) recorded in Mexico City during the intermediate‐depth intraslab Puebla‐Morelos earthquake on 19 September 2017 (Mw = 7.1). Evaluation is conducted by means of peak elastic and inelastic displacement demand spectra, inelastic displacement ratio, C_R, spectra, and generalized interstory drift spectra computed for selected recording stations located in different soil sites of Mexico City, including those located in areas of reported collapsed buildings. Results of this study confirm previous observations made from interplate (subduction) EQGMs that peak inelastic displacement demands are greater than corresponding elastic counterparts for short‐to‐medium period structures, while the opposite is true for medium‐to‐long period structures. Possible basin site effects were identified from generalized interstory drift spectra. It is also shown that an equation introduced in the literature to obtain estimates of C_R developed from interplate EQGMs provides also a good estimate for mean C_R computed from the intermediate‐depth intraslab EQGMs.  相似文献   

Numerical study on factors that influence the in‐plane drift capacity of unreinforced masonry walls     

《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(6):1440-1459

Displacement‐based assessment procedures require as input reliable estimates of the deformation capacity of all structural elements. For unreinforced masonry (URM) walls, current design codes specify the in‐plane deformation capacity as empirical equations of interstory drift. National codes differ with regard to the parameters that are considered in these empirical drift capacity equations, but the inhomogeneity of datasets on URM wall tests renders it difficult to validate the hypotheses with the currently available experimental data. This paper contributes to the future development of such empirical relationships by investigating the sensitivity of the drift capacity to the shear span, the aspect ratio, the axial load ratio, and the size of the wall. For this purpose, finite element models of URM walls are developed in Abaqus/Explicit and validated against a set of experimental results. The results show that the axial load ratio, the shear span, and the wall size are among the factors that influence the drift capacity the most. Empirical equations are mainly derived from test results on small walls, and the numerical results suggest that this can lead to a significant overestimation of the drift capacity for larger walls.  相似文献   

核心筒抗震性能水准及变形限值研究          下载免费PDF全文

胡张齐  汪梦甫  罗丹  吕伟荣 《世界地震工程》2020,(2):092-100

为研究核心筒抗震性能水准及其指标限值,完成了3个核心筒拟静力试验,记录了损伤过程及对应的层间位移角。在现有核心筒研究成果及国内外规范的基础上,将核心筒的抗震性能水准划分为4个等级,并给出了相应的宏观描述。通过总结相关试验研究结果,发现《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011-2010)对层间位移角限制过于严格,考虑到结构带裂缝工作,层间位移角限制过严会增加建筑成本,并导致结构自重增加而不利于抗震,故建议适当放宽核心筒的层间位移角限值,分别给出框架-核心筒及筒中筒结构最大层间位移角建议值。  相似文献   

2004年苏门答腊地震粘滞性松弛效应对华南地区地壳水平活动的影响     

刘泰  付广裕  邹镇宇 《地震》2019,39(2):37-45

2004年苏门答腊地震后, 不同学者根据不同观测数据(地震波、 GPS), 得到了此次地震的断层滑动模型。 反演过程中使用半无限空间模型时, 无法利用远场观测数据进行约束, 势必影响远场形变的解释。 基于Hoechner等使用的断层几何模型和GPS同震位移数据, 本研究利用球体位错理论反演方法反演了2004年苏门答腊地震断层滑动模型, 得到的矩震级为9.24, 最大滑移量为30.4 m, 由于考虑了曲率的效应, 该模型在远场同震位移的计算结果与GPS数据吻合较好。 然后, 选取了2001—2004年和2004—2007年两期的GPS水平位移速度场, 研究2004年苏门答腊地震对华南地区地壳水平活动的影响, 从两期的GPS水平位移速度场差异可以看出地震后华南块体有向西南方向的运动趋势, 华南块体受到此次地震明显的震后影响。 最后, 基于反演得到的断层模型, 利用Tanaka等提出的粘弹性球体位错理论对华南块体两期GPS水平位移速度场差异进行模拟, 得到华南块体内部粘滞性系数为2×10¹⁹ Pa·s, 当考虑地幔粘滞性松弛效应后, 两期的速度场差异的均方根值由3.2 mm减少为1.9 mm。 可见在研究2004年前后中国大陆GPS水平位移速度场时, 若继续以华南块体为基准, 需考虑此次地震的地幔粘滞性松弛效应。  相似文献   

泾县、淮北地震台SS-Y型铟瓦伸缩仪洞体应变观测对比     

严吉  樊冬  鲍子文  李章  程文坤  陶方宇 《地震地磁观测与研究》2019,40(3):100-106

选取泾县、淮北地震台SS-Y型铟瓦伸缩仪2017年度观测资料,从观测环境、观测资料内在质量、降水、气压因素影响差异等方面,对比2个台站洞体应变观测的异同点,并分析观测资料质量出现差异的可能原因。结果显示,淮北地震台形变观测山洞的基础条件和观测资料内在质量全面优于泾县地震台。  相似文献   

基于不同结构损伤模型的RC框架地震易损性研究          下载免费PDF全文

叶晨莹  赵鹏  相敏 《地震工程学报》2018,40(4):705-712

针对目前RC框架结构地震易损性分析中整体损伤模型研究的薄弱性以及广泛采用的层间位移角方法不能准确反应结构在地震作用下损伤机理的现状,本文基于现有损伤模型的对比分析,提出了一种较准确反映地震破坏机理同时便于应用的最大变形和滞回耗能非线性组合的双参数损伤模型。以8层RC框架结构为例,进行50条地震波作用下的结构增量动力分析,分别绘制了变形和能量2种单参数模型以及牛荻涛模型和本文模型两种双参数模型的结构损伤曲线与易损性曲线,并进行了模型的对比分析和检验评估。分析结果表明:仅以层间位移角作为结构整体损伤指标会高估结构的抗倒塌性能,仅以能量作为结构整体损伤指标会低估结构损伤的超越概率。本文模型能较好地平衡最大变形和累积损伤对结构损伤的影响程度。  相似文献   

基于有限元法的土石坝除险加固渗流问题分析          下载免费PDF全文

赵鑫  周阳 《地震工程学报》2018,40(4):867-872

土石坝坝体在坝前水位作用下极易产生渗流,为研究坝体加固对渗透水压的影响,针对具体水库实例,采用有限元法对除险加固前/后的坝体进行渗透坡降、单宽渗流量、准流网等计算,分析3种工况下的渗流过程,为土石坝的除险加固设计提供参考。结果表明:加固后上游坡各工况下的安全系数明显提高,其中单宽渗流量最大,可达0.636m~3/d,远大于规范允许值。  相似文献   

内蒙古测震台网台站布局对地震定位的影响     

赵艳红  张帆  苏亚梅 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(4):88-95

选取2009年1月至2016年5月内蒙古中西部及邻区55次M ≥ 3.0地震,通过调整台站空隙角、近台距离、远台距离、定位台站数,改变并对比定位子台网布局对地震定位精度的影响,进而研究定位子台网的选取规则。分区域探讨2种台站分布模式下地震的定位偏差、水平误差、拟合残差随空隙角、近台距离、远台距离、台站分布均匀度的变化及水平误差和定位偏差与拟合残差的关系。分析发现,地震速报选取9-12个台站,且台站分布相对合理的定位子台网参与定位,结果较好,使用水平误差评估定位效果更准确。  相似文献   

Ductility demands of tall buildings subjected to base rocking induced by Rayleigh waves     

Kristel C. Meza Fajardo  Apostolos S. Papageorgiou 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(10):1174-1194

Performance-based earthquake engineering requires accurate estimation of structural response associated with different damage states because of strong ground motion. In recent work (Meza-Fajardo and Papageorgiou, 2018, EESD), we demonstrated that a significant contribution to the response of elastic soil-structure systems for high-rise buildings is attributed to base rocking associated with Rayleigh waves. The present paper presents results of a study investigating the effects of Rayleigh waves on the response of soil-structure systems with nonlinear behavior at the level of the superstructure. By introducing a rigid-elastic rotational spring at the base of the building, we take into account the stiffness reduction due to damage to the lateral load-resisting system at its root, and with it, increased displacement demands. Considering different levels of ductility and post-yield stiffness, we investigate the impact of rocking because of Rayleigh waves on maximum and residual interstory drift ratios. Our results indicate that rocking due to surface waves should be an important consideration for design and evaluation of tall buildings, as inelastic action elongates their effective natural period, and consequently, they are more prone to be damaged by resonance and excitation of extended duration because of Rayleigh waves.  相似文献   

铜绿微囊藻和四尾栅藻光合利用碳酸氢盐探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

支彦丽  储昭升  钟远  李贺  庄源益 《湖泊科学》2008,20(4):443-449

为了探讨羹类光合过程对碳酸氧盐的利用,研究不同pH值下铜绿微囊藻和四尾栅藻的净光合速率,并着重研究这两株藻的碳酸氢盐摄取速率.结果表明,从弱酸性到弱碱性,四尾栅藻的净光合速率都比铜绿微囊藻高.由pH值超过pH转折点后的无机碳摄取速率计算得到的碳酸氢盐摄取速率对铜绿微囊藻和四尾栅藻分别为142.14和314.08μmo1DIC/(g·h,FW),故这两株藻都可利用碳酸氢盐作为碳源进行光合,且均为强碳酸氧盐利用者;但是,四尾栅藻对碳酸氲盐的利用能力强于铜绿微囊藻.另外,与四尾栅藻相比,铜绿微囊藻的碳酸氧盐摄取速率更易受抑制剂的抑制.  相似文献