Newly developed technique and analysis solution to accelerate consolidation of ultrasoft soil     

Chen Geng  Shi Jiangwei  Chen Long 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(2):292-299

Plastic vertical drainage is widely used in vacuum preloading for soft soil treatment. However, plastic vertical drainage has a number of disadvantages such as it only provides drainage paths in vertical directions and the distribution of soil strength is not uniform. A new technique, prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage, was developed in this study to shorten the consolidation time of ultrasoft soil. Using one vertical drainage tube and four horizontal drainage tubes, prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage provides drainage paths not only in vertical but also in horizontal directions. An analytical solution was derived to calculate the degree of soil consolidation when using the prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage technique. Field tests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage and to verify the proposed analytical solution. It was found that consolidation time of soft clays using prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage was 50% lower than plastic vertical drainage. Moreover, the average undrained shear strength of soil treated by the prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage technique was approximately 30% larger than that treated by the plastic vertical drainage technique. The degree of soil consolidation estimated from the proposed analytical solution showed good agreement with field measurements. This implies that the proposed analytical solution can be used to directly estimate the degree of consolidation when the soil is treated by prefabricated vertical–horizontal drainage.  相似文献   

Boris Choubert: The forgotten fit of the circum-Atlantic continents     

Jacques Kornprobst 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2017,349(1):42-48

Boris Choubert was a strong supporter of Wegener's continental drift theory. In 1935, he published a very accurate fit of the circum-Atlantic continents, which was based on continental edges instead of coastlines; in the same paper, he interpreted the Palaeozoic belts as the result of horizontal movements of the Precambrian blocks; so, he greatly expanded the role of continental drift through time. This original and very prophetic work was almost completely ignored by his contemporaries. Thirty years later (1965), Bullard, Everett and Smith published in turn a similar but more sophisticated fit; they did not acknowledge Choubert's initial work. Bullard's fit was met with immediate and tremendous success. The present paper analyses the reasons why Boris Choubert was frustrated of his pioneering role. This lack of recognition is related to: (1) a great evolution in the geological concepts between 1935 and 1965, and (2) a poor choice of Choubert, regarding the title of his 1935 article.  相似文献   

Early Cenozoic rapid flight enigma of the Indian subcontinent resolved: Roles of topographic top loading and subcrustal erosion   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Muthuvairavasamy Ramkumar  David Menier  Manoj Mathew  M. Santosh  Numair A. Siddiqui 《地学前缘(英文版)》2017,8(1):15-23

Intrinsic magmatic processes are considered as critical operators of plate movements. Here we demonstrate the role of extrinsic processes consequent to intrinsic processes as a catalyst for anomalous rapid plate movement. The rapid and accelerated flight of the Indian subcontinent since Deccan volcanism until its collision with Eurasia remains as one of the geological conundrums. Data on seismic tomography, peninsular geomorphology and inferences on continuum of subcrustal structures are utilized to address this enigma. We propose geomorphic isostasy as the mechanism that has driven this fastest drift ever recorded in geological history. It was initiated by sudden instability after the Deccan volcanism and resultant extensive accumulation of lava pile over continental lithosphere of northern India, northern-eastern tilt due to crustal thickness heterogeneity and subcrustal thermal stratification. The drift was sustained by Carlsberg and Central Indian ridge-push until collision and sediment top loading at northeast thenceforth. These inferences and geomorphic isostasy as a catalytic mechanism necessitate variability of drift rates as integral inputs for any continental scale modeling.  相似文献   

Horizontal trench system effects on leachate recirculation in bioreactor landfills     

Krishna R. Reddy  Hanumanth S. Kulkarni  Rajiv K. Giri  Milind V. Khire 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2017,12(2):115-136

Horizontal trenches (HTs) are constructed during the waste filling for leachate recirculation in bioreactor landfills. Leachate distribution depends on HT configuration (i.e., spacing between successive HTs), leachate injection rate, modes of injection, and hydraulic properties and MSW heterogeneity. Presently, the effects of these variables on the moisture distribution have not been studied systematically. This study provides a systematic evaluation of the effect of the HTs variables on the moisture distribution and pore fluid pressures. A two-phase flow model is used to model a bioreactor landfill having an HT leachate injection system. It quantifies the effects of the unsaturated hydraulic properties and MSW heterogeneity, trench configuration, leachate injection flux, and mode of injection on hydraulic behaviour. The results show that unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and MSW heterogeneity significantly shape the zone of influence and excess pore pressures. Under heterogeneous-anisotropic conditions, the leachate migrates more laterally and the developed pore-pressures are lower than for homogeneous MSW. A closely-spaced, multi-level, staggered HT system is found to provide uniform and adequate moisture distribution in MSW. An intermittent mode of injection that alternates between the shallow and deep trenches with a higher leachate injection flow rate is found to be effective to control the excess pore pressures.  相似文献   

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游为  范东明  郭江 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(1):51-55

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陈德标 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(5):140-143

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油藏地质建模及实时跟踪研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

丁圣  林承焰  周明晖  张文喜  程慧 《地球科学与环境学报》2010,32(1):70-72,97

为了提高采收率,降低开发风险,以滩海地区某油田为研究对象,结合地质、测井、地震等资料,对该油藏进行实时跟踪地质特征综合研究。应用地质建模、随钻测井、地质导向等技术,建立了精细的三维地质导向模型,并根据随钻测井数据和综合地质信息,实时验证构造和储集层信息,对导向模型不断校正,使模型与实钻结果一致,还以该模型为基础,优化水平井钻井的前进轨迹。结果表明,此种方法的应用降低了海上油田开发风险,能取得良好的开发效果。  相似文献   

An improvement to linear‐elastic procedures for seismic performance assessment     

Mehmet Selim Günay  Halûk Sucuoğlu 《地震工程与结构动力学》2010,39(8):907-931

An improved linear‐elastic analysis procedure is developed in this paper as a simple approximate method for displacement‐based seismic assessment of the existing buildings. The procedure is mainly based on reducing the stiffness of structural members that are expected to respond in the inelastic range in a single global iteration step. Modal spectral displacement demands are determined from the equal displacement rule. Response predictions obtained from the proposed procedure are evaluated comparatively by using the results of benchmark nonlinear response history analysis, and both the conventional and the multi‐mode pushover analyses. In comparative evaluations, a twelve‐story RC plane frame and a six‐story unsymmetrical‐plan RC frame are employed by using 91 ground motion components. It is observed that the proposed procedure estimates the flexural deformation demands in deformation‐controlled members and the shear forces in force‐controlled members with reasonable accuracy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

不同软基处理方式下高速公路加宽工程变形特性分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张军辉 《岩土力学》2011,32(4):1216-1222

交通量的迅速增长使越来越多早期建成的高速公路需要拓宽改建,而如何根据老路的地基处理方法合理选择新路基下软基的处理方法成为主要技术难题之一。以实体工程为依托,采用有限元方法分析了新老路软基采用不同处理方法对加宽工程道路变形的影响。结果表明,新路基采用塑料排水板对施工期老路扰动很大,而采用复合地基可有效降低工后沉降和施工期老路变形。同时,地基内水平位移分布为采用应力隔离墙降低新路荷载对老路的影响提供了理论依据,隔离墙深度可根据水平位移集中区的埋深确定。此外,当新路采用复合地基时,施工期老路沉降变形受老路固结状况的影响较小。  相似文献   

GNSS流动观测水平速度精度评估     

占伟  刘志广  苏建锋  夏峰  孟宪纲 《大地测量与地球动力学》2011,31(5):84-87

利用GNSS连续观测数据评估了GNSS流动观测水平速度精度,并分析了相邻两期观测时间差、每期观测时长、观测周期对水平速度精度的影响。结果表明：按照目前的观测模式,流动观测与连续观测得到的水平速度值之差的绝对值在3 mm/a以内;相邻两期观测时间不一致会影响流动观测水平速度的精度,如果绝对值在3 mm/a以内的速度差为可接受值,那么建议相邻两期观测时期差应控制在25天之内;延长每期观测时间和缩短观测周期能提高流动观测水平速度精度。  相似文献