面向异构空间区域分片的3RM缝隙处理模型     

万波  杨林  周顺平  胡茂胜  叶亚琴 《遥感学报》2013,17(3):640-656

针对分布式环境下区域分片片段间的各种原始缝隙,提出一种3RM(Three Relational Matrix)缝隙处理模型。该模型采用两阶段流程,第1步划分空间计算单元,对区域分片边界处的要素进行聚类分组;第2步对各个空间计算单元进行缝隙处理。模型研究区域分片边界处缝隙的描述和区分方法,依据要素拓扑关系、属性关系以及精度3种关系建立了3RM缝隙处理矩阵,发现线状和面状要素在分片数据边界处的38种潜在的缝隙,并建立了相应的缝隙处理方法。运用3RM模型对异构的土地利用分片数据进行缝隙处理试验,试验结果表明,本文提出的缝隙处理模型能够有效处理实际分片数据当中的各种缝隙。  相似文献   

需求驱动兵团空间数据本体语义的描述     

李伟  赵庆展  韩峰 《测绘科学》2013,38(2):119-121

针对兵团空间信息集成与共享异构数据语义的广泛性和复杂性,本文依据其领域特性和共享需求,采用本体作为兵团空间数据表示的方法,从应用领域出发,以需求来驱动兵团空间数据本体框架构建,提出了兵团空间数据的本体工程构建方法,研究了本体领域、概念类型、语义关系,并对空间数据本体进行了语义描述。评估表明该方法构建的兵团空间数据本体有效,有利于数据共享与互操作。  相似文献   

Building extraction from LIDAR based semantic analysis     

Yu Jie  Yang Haiquan  Tan Ming  Zhang Guoning 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(4):281-284

Extraction of buildings from LIDAR data has been an active research field in recent years. A scheme for building detection and reconstruction from LIDAR data is presented with an object-oriented method which is based on the buildings' semantic rules. Two key steps are discussed: how to group the discrete LIDAR points into single objects and how to establish the buildings' semantic rules. In the end, the buildings are reconstructed in 3D form and three common parametric building models (flat, gabled, hipped) are implemented.  相似文献   

Geostatistical approaches to refinement of digital elevation data     

Jingxiong Zhang  Tao Zhu  Yunwei Tang  Wangle Zhang 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(4):181-189

Data refinement refers to the processes by which a dataset’s resolution, in particular, the spatial one, is refined, and is thus synonymous to spatial downscaling. Spatial resolution indicates measurement scale and can be seen as an index for regular data support. As a type of change of scale, data refinement is useful for many scenarios where spatial scales of existing data, desired analyses, or specific applications need to be made commensurate and refined. As spatial data are related to certain data support, they can be conceived of as support-specific realizations of random fields, suggesting that multivariate geostatistics should be explored for refining datasets from their coarser-resolution versions to the finer-resolution ones. In this paper, geostatistical methods for downscaling are described, and were implemented using GTOPO30 data and sampled Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data at a site in northwest China, with the latter’s majority grid cells used as surrogate reference data. It was found that proper structural modeling is important for achieving increased accuracy in data refinement; here, structural modeling can be done through proper decomposition of elevation fields into trends and residuals and thereafter. It was confirmed that effects of semantic differences on data refinement can be reduced through properly estimating and incorporating biases in local means.  相似文献   

Geochemical evidence concerning sources and petrologic evolution of Faial Island,Central Azores     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(14):1684-1708

Volcanic rocks that make up Faial Island, Central Azores, consist of four volcano-stratigraphic units, with ages between 730 ka and the present. Lavas range from alkali basalts to trachyandesites and belong to the alkaline-sodic series. The oldest unit is the Ribeirinha Volcanic Complex, generally characterized by low MgO contents. The Cedros Volcanic Complex is composed of basalts to benmoreites with low MgO contents. The Almoxarife Formation represents fissure flows, containing MgO contents similar to to slightly higher than those of the underlying Cedros Volcanic Complex. The youngest unit, the Capelo Formation, consists of mafic rocks with MgO values higher than those of the other units. Bulk-rock major and trace element trends suggest that differentiation of the three earliest units were dominated by fractional crystallization of plagioclase ± clinopyroxene ± olivine ± titanomagnetite. Capelo bulk-rock compositions are the most primitive, and are related to a period when volcanic activity was fed by deep magmatic chambers, and melts ascended more rapidly. Comparison among geochemical patterns of the trace elements suggests a strong similarity between the lavas from Faial and Pico islands. Corvo Island volcanism contrasts with the geochemistry of Faial and Pico lavas, reflecting its strong K and Rb depletion, and Th, U, Ta, Nb, La, and Ce enrichment. Absence of the Daly gap in the Faial volcanics is attributed to early crystallization of Ti-Fe oxides. The probable source of the Faial magma coincides with the MORB-FOZO array, which implies the presence of ancient recycled oceanic crust in the mantle source. Ratios of incompatible trace elements suggest the similarity of Corvo volcanic rocks with magmas derived from HIMU sources, whereas the Faial and Pico volcanic rocks could have been produced from sources very close to EMII-type OIB.  相似文献   

Terrestrial laser scanning to estimate plot-level forest canopy fuel properties     

Mariano García  F. Mark Danson  David Riaño  Emilio Chuvieco  F. Alberto Ramirez  Vishal Bandugula 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011

This paper evaluates the potential of a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) to characterize forest canopy fuel characteristics at plot level. Several canopy properties, namely canopy height, canopy cover, canopy base height and fuel strata gap were estimated. Different approaches were tested to avoid the effect of canopy shadowing on canopy height estimation caused by deployment of the TLS below the canopy. Estimation of canopy height using a grid approach provided a coefficient of determination of R² = 0.81 and an RMSE of 2.47 m. A similar RMSE was obtained using the 99th percentile of the height distribution of the highest points, representing the 1% of the data, although the coefficient of determination was lower (R² = 0.70). Canopy cover (CC) was estimated as a function of the occupied cells of a grid superimposed upon the TLS point clouds. It was found that CC estimates were dependent on the cell size selected, with 3 cm being the optimum resolution for this study. The effect of the zenith view angle on CC estimates was also analyzed. A simple method was developed to estimate canopy base height from the vegetation vertical profiles derived from an occupied/non-occupied voxels approach. Canopy base height was estimated with an RMSE of 3.09 m and an R² = 0.86. Terrestrial laser scanning also provides a unique opportunity to estimate the fuel strata gap (FSG), which has not been previously derived from remotely sensed data. The FSG was also derived from the vegetation vertical profile with an RMSE of 1.53 m and an R² = 0.87.  相似文献   

基于语义网的地名本体服务框架研究     

梁汝鹏  李文娟  李勤超  姜海林 《测绘科学》2011,36(3):230-233

本文在总结地名本体的基本概念基础上,根据基于地理空间语义网的日常地理信息查询需要,进行了地名本体的概念设计.地名本体的设计可以分为两个阶段,第一阶段主要偏重于初级本体的设计,它主要支持地理对象的标示和检索等较为初级的任务.第二阶段将支持更多高级的任务,例如空间推理等.本文通过地名本体模型的构建,探讨了基于语义网的地名本...  相似文献   

2010年2月27日智利Mw8.8地震前全球地震活动特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

薛艳  刘杰  李纲 《地震学报》2011,33(3):292-303

通过对智利地震前全球不同时空范围地震活动特征分析,发现:①智利地震前出现了两类地震空区:第一类空区为1900年以来形成的360 km长的Mw≥8.0地震空段,第二类空区为震前5年形成的780 km长的M≥5.5地震空段;②1986-2010年,智利中南部仅发生1次Mw7.1地震,表现为显著的Mw≥7.0地震平静异常;③...  相似文献   

太康4．7级地震前地震活动图像和趋势分析     

林眉  刘希强  郑建常  徐长朋  冀东普 《地震地磁观测与研究》2011,32(4):7-11

对苏、鲁、皖、豫交界地区地震活动进行研究,指出该区2006年10月-2010年10月出现一个长轴约230km的3级地震空区。该空区及附近地区存在多项中期异常,即ML≥3地震活动具有频度高、能量强,中等地震震中空间分布相对集中及低b值等。讨论认为,苏、鲁、皖、豫交界地区存在多项中期异常,与2004年10月24日太康4．7级地震的强度不匹配,未来具有发生中强以上地震的危险。  相似文献   

地质灾害领域本体的研究与应用     

王艳妮  刘刚 《地理与地理信息科学》2011,27(6)

引入了由斯坦福大学医学院开发的七步法,并采用OWL DL语言描述本体,利用目前成熟的且流行的本体可视化构建工具Protégé完成地质灾害信息领域本体库的构建。基于行业标准、地质灾害信息处理标准、专家知识等相关标准,建立地质灾害领域本体。用OWL形式化描述基于多层结构的地质灾害空间数据本体应用模型来实现三层地质灾害本体。以具有优势的三峡库区丰富地质灾害资料为依托,以地质灾害多源异构空间信息集成与共享为主线,引入本体理论和GeoSciML,研究建立基于顶级、领域及应用多层本体的地质灾害空间数据语义集成和共享模型,实现地质灾害信息系统数据集成和应用集成,目标是解决横向各部门间的有效沟通和信息共享,以及单体灾害和群体灾害发生时的应急指挥和决策支持等问题。  相似文献