亚洲夏季风系统水汽输送的季节平均和低频结构     

徐建军  何金海 《南京气象学院学报》1994,17(3):338-340

应用欧洲中期预报中心１９８０－１９８６年５－９月的８５０ｈＰａ逐日资料，分析了亚洲夏季风系统水汽输送的平均结构和低频结构。研究指出，从季节平均结构来看，亚洲季风系统是一个完整的体系。从低频活动结构看，亚洲夏季风系统中存在着印度季风和东亚季风系统的相对独立性。  相似文献   

1991年北半球夏季风及江淮流域降雨量的低频振荡     

尹树新  陈旭红 《南京气象学院学报》1994,17(3):379-384

根据１９９１年５－８月江淮特大暴雨资料，使用功率谱和带通滤波结合的方法，研究了１９９１年夏季风和江淮梅雨的准周期振荡，探索季风对异常梅雨的影响。分析指出，１９９１年北半球夏季风活动，江淮流域湿度场和降雨量变化均存在显著的准２４天周期振荡，夏季风的周期振荡，主要表现在西南季风（东南季风不明显），它的位相比降雨量提前２－４左右，其振幅大小较好地反映了降雨量的大小。  相似文献   

黄河流域旱涝年地面热量收支变化特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

朱超群  高国栋 《应用气象学报》1994,5(3):284-289

根据北京、郑州３年热量平衡观测资料，建立波文（Ｂｏｗｅｎ）比计算模式。并用此模式及辐射计算式等估计黄河流域８年５－８月地面月辐射收支、蒸发耗热、湍流热交换量和土壤热交换量，并比较分析旱涝年它们的差异以及随旱涝（用降水距平表示）的变化。   相似文献   

夏季多年平均及个别年份低层流场的准周期扰动分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

管兆勇  赵辉 《南京气象学院学报》1995,18(4):518-522

利用ＥＣＭＷＦ的１９８０￣１９８６年多年平均及１９８０年的低层纬、经向网络点资料对季内振荡方差进行了分析，给出了多年平均及个别年份流场中季内同斯振荡强度的对比特征及其在低伟和中高纬地区的差异。为动力学诊断和理论研究夏季风的年际差异提供线索。  相似文献   

NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS ON THE FORMATION OF THE EASTERN PACIFIC SUMMER MONSOON          下载免费PDF全文

Gao Lei  Li Weiliang  Wang Bin 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1995,9(3):257-266

In this paper,we use a two-dimensional primary equation model which contains (1) heating ofradiation,(2) heating of condensation,and (3) transfers of sensible and latent heat between air andthe underlying surface.To investigate the causes for the formation of the eastern North Pacific sum-mer monsoon,the data at 110°W are obtained and winds at underlying surface and at 200 hPa aremodified under the conditions (1) removing topography and (2) changing meridional sea surface tem-perature (SST) gradient.In the numerical modification,we find that by removing the topography,the center's location ofthe eastern North Pacific summer monsoon does not change,but the intensity of the summer monsoonis weakened.Also the onset of the summer monsoon is delayed to the end of May.The tropical east-erly jet is weakened obviously,even changes to westerly wind.On the other hand,we find that theSST gradient along 110°W influences the eastern North Pacific summer monsoon distinctly.If theSST gradient is decreased,the center of the southwest wind near 12°N does not exist any more.theintensity of the whole summer monsoon becomes very weak and the circulation pattern of the summermonsoon also changes a lot.Finally,we indicate that both topography and meridional SST gradient play important roles inthe occurrence of the eastern North Pacific summer monsoon.The meridional SST gradient is themost important factor that triggers the summer monsoon and the topography along 110°W influencesthe intensity and the onset time of the summer monsoon there mostly.  相似文献   

FIRST TRANSITION OF THE CIRCULATIONS IN ASIA AROUND MID－MAY FROM 7－YEAR MEAN ECMWF DATA     

江宁波  罗会邦 《热带气象学报(英文版)》1995,1(1):34-45

The time evolution of the general circulation over the South China Sea and surrounding areas during the period from April to June is studied using ECMWF data of 1980-1986. The first transition from the second (6-10 May ) to the third (11-15 May ) pentads is characterized by the distinct change of low-level (850 hpa ) winds from southeasterlies to southwesterlies along 15°N over the South China Sea, and by the sudden movement of the center of South Asian high in the upper troposphere (200 hpa ) from 10-15°N to 15-20°N over Southeast Asia. Corresponding to the abrupt change in circulations, the gradients of the temperature and humidity intensity along latitudes center on 30°N over East Asia at 850 hpa. The time sequence of the 850- 200 hpa layer thickness shows that the layer-mean temperature over the southeastern Tibetan Plateau-East China Plain region increases abruptly at the same time. The corresponding sudden increase of the vertically integrated heat source over the warming areas reveals that the heat source plays an evident role in the drastic changes. The time series of over the northern part of the South China Sea shows that the drastic increase of the areamean is also found but it is 5-10 days late than the change of corresponding wind fields. The time series of Xisha SST shows a continuous increase to about 29. 5°until May 10 when the abrupt changes in circulation occur.  相似文献   

大气环流的季节突变与季风的建立II·个别年份南海夏季风的情况   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张铭  张东凌  左瑞亭  何卷雄  曾庆存 《气候与环境研究》2005,(3)

将流的标准化变差度概念应用到各年南海夏季风建立研究中去,并用其作为大气环流调整的客观定量指标。用该指标定义的南海夏季风建立的预兆日期与用传统天气气候学方法确定的南海夏季风的来临日期,在绝大多数具体年份两者均很接近,故可作南海夏季风建立的先兆指标。但有一些年份,南海季风的建立不伴随着低空环流的突变过程,两种方法都可能不准确,可靠的方法也许是用场相似度作指标。此外,南海夏季风建立前,对流层顶和平流层下层就出现了环流调整,该调整为南海夏季风建立打下基础,而南海夏季风爆发则表现为低空环流的大调整。南海夏季风的爆发是高、低空全球大气环流发生显著调整的结果,并非限于南海范围局部,南海夏季风建立不能看作是发生在南海的局部现象。  相似文献   

Link between convection and meridional gradient of sea surface temperature in the Bay of Bengal   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

D. Shankar  S. R. Shetye  P. V. Joseph 《Journal of Earth System Science》2007,116(5):385-406

We use daily satellite estimates of sea surface temperature (SST) and rainfall during 1998–2005 to show that onset of convection over the central Bay of Bengal (88–92°E, 14–18°N) during the core summer monsoon (mid-May to September) is linked to the meridional gradient of SST in the bay. The SST gradient was computed between two boxes in the northern (88–92°E, 18–22°N) and southern (82–88°E, 4–8°N) bay; the latter is the area of the cold tongue in the bay linked to the Summer Monsoon Current. Convection over central bay followed the SST difference between the northern and southern bay (ΔT) exceeding 0.75°C in 28 cases. There was no instance of ΔT exceeding this threshold without a burst in convection. There were, however, five instances of convection occurring without this SST gradient. Long rainfall events (events lasting more than a week) were associated with an SST event (ΔT ≥ 0.75°C); rainfall events tended to be short when not associated with an SST event. The SST gradient was important for the onset of convection, but not for its persistence: convection often persisted for several days even after the SST gradient weakened. The lag between ΔT exceeding 0.75°C and the onset of convection was 0–18 days, but the lag histogram peaked at one week. In 75% of the 28 cases, convection occurred within a week of ΔT exceeding the threshold of 0.75°C. The northern bay SST, T _N , contributed more to ΔT, but it was a weaker criterion for convection than the SST gradient. A sensitivity analysis showed that the corresponding threshold for T _N was 29°C. We hypothesise that the excess heating (∼1°C above the threshold for deep convection) required in the northern bay to trigger convection is because this excess in SST is what is required to establish the critical SST gradient.  相似文献   

Variability of Convective Activity over the North Indian Ocean and its Associations with Monsoon Rainfall over India     

D. R. Pattanaik 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2007,164(8-9):1527-1545

The present study is an attempt to examine the variability of convective activity over the north Indian Ocean (Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea) on interannual and longer time scale and its association with the rainfall activity over the four different homogeneous regions of India (viz., northeast India, northwest India, central India and south peninsular India) during the monsoon season from June to September (JJAS) for the 26 year period (1979 to 2004). The monthly mean Outgoing Long-wave Radiation (OLR) data obtained from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) polar orbiting spacecraft are used in this study and the 26-year period has been divided into two periods of 13 years each with period-i from 1979 to 1991 and period -ii from 1992 to 2004. It is ascertained that the convective activity increases over the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal in the recent period (period -ii; 1992 to 2004) compared to that of the former period (period -i; 1979 to 1991) during JJAS and is associated with a significantly increasing trend (at 95% level) of convective activity over the north Bay of Bengal (NBAY). On a monthly scale, July and August also show increase in convective activity over the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal during the recent period and this is associated with slight changes in the monsoon activity cycle over India. The increase in convective activity particularly over the Arabian Sea during the recent period of June is basically associated with about three days early onset of the monsoon over Delhi and relatively faster progress of the monsoon northward from the southern tip of India. Over the homogeneous regions of India the correlation coefficient (CC) of OLR anomalies over the south Arabian Sea (SARA) is highly significant with the rainfall over central India, south peninsular India and northwest India, and for the north Arabian Sea (NARA), it is significant with northwest India rainfall and south peninsular rainfall. Similarly, the OLR anomalies over the south Bay of Bengal (SBAY) have significant CC with northwest India and south peninsular rainfall, whereas the most active convective region of the NBAY is not significantly correlated with rainfall over India. It is also found that the region over northeastern parts of India and its surroundings has a negative correlation with the OLR anomalies over the NARA and is associated with an anomalous sinking (rising) motion over the northeastern parts of India during the years of increase (decrease) of convective activity over the NARA.  相似文献   

山东夏季降水量场预测模型研究及预测试验   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

胡桂芳  奚秀芬 《气象》2002,28(12):15-20

从预测山东夏季降水场的需要出发，用山东1961－2001年夏季降水资料，研究了山东夏季降水的基本分布型式及其与北半球500hPa月平均高度、大气环流特征量及北太平洋海温之间关系。结果表明：不同的分布型存在不同的前期预测强信号。以这些强信号为主要预报因子结合考虑降水趋势振荡，构建出山东夏季降水场预测模型，并进行了预测试验。  相似文献