一次强对流过程的三维数值模拟   总被引：12，自引：5，他引：12  

于华英  顾松山  刘鹏  陈章法  黄小玉 《南京气象学院学报》2006,29(3):305-313

利用中国科学院大气物理研究所建立的完全弹性三维雹云数值模式（IAP-CSM3D），模拟了2004年4月23日横扫湘中湘南大部分地区的飑线强对流过程的流场、雷达回波和含水量等宏、微观物理量的分布及其演变。分析了冰雹形成的微物理过程，结果表明，冰雹粒子主要由冻滴（CNfh）和霰（CNgh）转化形成，其中冻滴的贡献比较大，冰雹主要是通过撞冻过冷水过程（CLch、CLrh）长大。将多普勒雷达实测资料同模拟的气流结构进行比较可见，雷达观测到散度随高度的变化与模式模拟的气流结构一致；模式输出的雷达回波强度及回波顶高与雷达观测事实相近。  相似文献   

西北太平洋热带气旋强度统计释用预报方法研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

胡春梅  余晖  陈佩燕 《气象》2006,32(8):64-69

为了提高西北太平洋地区热带气旋（TC）强度预报准确率，在气候持续预报方法基础上，考虑气候持续性因子、天气因子、卫星资料因子，以TC强度变化为预报对象，运用逐步回归统计方法，建立西北太平洋地区24、48、72小时TC强度预报方程。通过不同的分海区试验（远海区域、华东近海、华南近海），证明回归结果较好。逐一分析选入因子发现：气候持续性因子在方程中相当重要；同时对远海区域和华东近海而言，海温影响也不容忽视，对华南近海而言，反映动力强迫作用的因素也较为重要。卫星资料的加入，对回归结果略有改进。用“刀切法”作独立样本检验，与气候持续法比较，预报误差明显减小。  相似文献   

北大西洋年际变率的海气耦合模式模拟II：热带太平洋强迫     

周天军  宇如聪  郜永祺  Helge Drange 《气象学报》2006,64(1):18-30

利用一个全球海气耦合模式(BCM),结合观测资料,讨论了热带太平洋强迫对北大西洋年际气候变率的影响。研究表明,BCM能够相对合理地模拟赤道太平洋的年际变率模态及相应的海温距平型和大气遥相关型,尽管其准3年的振荡周期过于规则。来自数值模式和观测上的证据都表明,北大西洋冬季海温的主导性变率模态,即自北而南出现的“- -”的海温距平型,受到来自热带太平洋强迫的显著影响,其正位相与赤道中东太平洋冷事件相对应。换言之,赤道太平洋暖事件的发生,在太平洋-北美沿岸激发出PNA遥相关型,进而通过在北大西洋产生类似NAO负位相的气压距平型,削弱本来与NAO正位相直接联系的三核型海温距平。北大西洋三核型海温距平对热带太平洋强迫的响应,要滞后2—3个月的时间。  相似文献   

Application and Study of Precipitation Schemes in Weather Simulation in Summer and Winter over China          下载免费PDF全文

XU Guoqiang  WAN Qilin  HUANG Liping  XUE Jishan  CHEN Dehui 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2006,20(1):28-38

Through simulation of summer and winter precipitation cases in China, the cloud precipitation schemes of model were examined. Results indicate that it is discrepant between convective precipitation simulated by the Kain-Fritsch (KF) scheme and Betts-Miller (BM) scheme in summer, the former scheme is better than the latter in this case. The ambient atmosphere may be varied by different convective schemes. The air is wetter and the updraft is stronger in the KF scheme than in the BM scheme, which can induce the more grid scale precipitation in the KF scheme, i.e., the different cumulus schemes may have the different and important effect on the grid scale precipitation. However, there is almost no convective rain in winter in northern China, so the effect of cumulus precipitation on the grid scale precipitation can be disregarded. Therefore, the gird scale precipitation is primary in the winter of northern China.  相似文献   

A Statistical Analysis on the Effect of Vertical Wind Shear on Tropical Cyclone Development   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

赵滨  端义宏  余晖  杜秉玉 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2006,20(3):383-388

Using tropical cyclone (TC) best track and intensity of the western North Pacific data from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) of the United States and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for the period of 1992-2002, the effects of vertical wind shear on TC intensity are examined. The samples were limited to the westward or northwestward moving TCs between 5°N and 20°N in order to minimize thermodynamic effects. It is found that the effect of vertical wind shear between 200 and 500 hPa on TC intensity change is larger than that of the shear between 500 and 850 hPa, while similar to that of the shear between 200 and 850 hPa. Vertical wind shear may have a threshold value, which tends to decrease as TC intensifies. As the intensifying rate of TC weakens, the average shear increases. The large shear has the obvious trend of inhibiting TC development. The average shear of TC which can develop into typhoon (tropical depression or tropical storm) is below 7 m s-1 (above 8 m s-1).  相似文献   

EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FIELD ON TROPICAL CYCLONE TRACK AFTER LANDFALL FROM EAST CHINA SEA     

钟元  余晖  王东法 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2006,12(2):201-204

1 INTRODUCTIONThe past few years have seen work on themaintenance and decaying mechanisms of tropicalcyclones (TCs) over land. Statistic study has been onthe landfall frequency and location of TCs and theirmaintenance, decaying, transition, intensification anddissipation for the past 32 years[1] and that (1) thedeeper water accumulates on land,the more favorableit would be for the maintenance of low pressures andvast lakes,and the surface of large rivers and large-sized reservoirs can sl…  相似文献   

双热带气旋相互作用的研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

田永祥  寿绍文 《气象学报》1998,56(5):584-593

采用无基本气流的无辐散正压模式模拟了双热带气旋的运动。应用非对称理论研究了双热带气旋的相互作用。双热带气旋中的每个热带气旋主要由通过其中心的非对称气流（即通风气流）作用而移动。这股非对称气流是由其自身的线性和非线性效应产生的非对称涡旋与其配对热带气旋形成的非对称涡旋相叠加而引起的。  相似文献   

登陆北上热带气旋的特大暴雨落区探讨   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：7  

朱官忠  赵从兰 《气象》1998,24(11):16-21

由台风降水资料分析发现,登陆北上热带气旋在我国北方地区造成的特大暴雨,集中出现在华北平原西北部和山东￣辽东半岛东南部两个相距较远的区域内。对比分析表明,这两个特大暴雨落区的形成,除地形增幅因素外,主要与前期副热带高压位置、热带气旋北上路径及物理量场的分布状况直接相关。同时,相应给出了判别上述两个特大暴雨落区的预报指标和方法。  相似文献   

渤海湾对流风暴的个例分析     

段英  王新颖  赵亚民  郑新江 《气象》1998,24(11):22-25

对１９９８年５月２０日渤海湾上空一次向西移动的对流风暴进行个例分析,讨论了其特点及成因。  相似文献   

A NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TROPICAL CYCLONE CROSSING SUBTROPICAL HIGH   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨美川  朱永褆 《热带气象学报(英文版)》1998,4(1):65-71

The barotropic primitive equations model is used in a numerical study of a tropical cyclone crossing the Subtropical high. It is revealed that apart from its own characteristics, sensitive factors having immediate effects on the motion of the tropical cyclone also include its radial distance from the center of the subtropical high, the variation in latitudinal location and intensity. A complex mechanism for nonlinear interactions among the tropical,subtropical high and β effect is also shown in the experiment, and expected to serve for the diagnosis and prediction of abnormal motion.  相似文献