一种适于较强台风的切向风廓线方案及其对异常台风路径的数值模拟研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

孟智勇  徐祥德  陈联寿 《大气科学》2001,25(2):193-199

针对现今台风数值预报中强热带气旋切向风廓线设计上的困难，提出了一种利用台风报告中7级风和10级风的半径来确定台风切向风廓线的方法。它既可反映真实台风外围结构又避免了强风速切变问题。该方案有可能改进台风尤其是异常路径台风的预报效果，具有广阔的业务应用前景。  相似文献   

水平切变线上涡层不稳定理论   总被引：25，自引：4，他引：25  

高守亭  周玉淑 《气象学报》2001,59(4):393-404

文中打破了传统的 Kelvin- Helmholtz研究切变不稳定的观点 ,考虑了强涡度切变存在时切变线已构成了一个涡层 ,这时切变线的不稳定问题就变为涡层的不稳定问题。同时考虑由涡层所产生的诱导速度 ,从理论上得到了水平切变线上涡层不稳定必要条件的判据 ,即必须满足 (1 - Rv Rid) >0 ,且有 U(y,t) >U(A(t) )与之相配合。这表明环境场的配置制约着切变线上扰动的发展 ,这种中尺度扰动同环境场存在着相互作用。文中还用具体个例对如何计算不稳定必要条件做了解释和说明。  相似文献   

9806号台风非对称结构形成及其高纬西折路径分析   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：5  

邓华军  韩桂荣  樊永富 《热带气象学报》2001,17(2):172-178

对9806号台风在弱环境场中的向北移动，至强环境场中折向西行的物理机制进行了分析，得出在弱环境场中台风可形成不对称结构，其物理量如高度的变化在台风进入强环境场后与环境场叠加，从而改变台风移向，强弱环境场的更替，可能是9806号台风移向突变的重要原因。  相似文献   

THE STUDY OF STORM RAINFALL CAUSED BY INTERACTION BETWEEN THE NON-ZONAL HIGH LEVEL JET STREAK AND TYPHOON IN THE DISTANCE   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

丁治英  张兴强  何金海  徐海明 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2001,7(2):187-198

In this paper, statistics were analyzed concerning correlation between the storm rainfall far from typhoon and non-zonal upper-level jet stream. The results show that the jet stream at 200 hPa is constantly SW (90.2 %) during the period in which storm rainfall occurs. Rainfall area lies in the right rear regions of the jet axes. While the storm intensifies, the jet tends to be stronger and turn non-zonal. With the MM4 model, numerical simulation and diagnosis were carried out for Typhoon No.9711 (Winnie) on August 19 to 20, 1997. The distant storm rainfall is tightly correlative to the jet and low-level typhoon trough. The divergence field of jet is related to the v component. The upper level can cause the allobaric wind convergence at low level. This is the result of the form of low-level typhoon trough and the strength of the storm. By scale analysis, it is found that there is a branch of middle scale transverse inverse circulation in the right entrance regions behind the jet below the 300-hPa level, which is very important to the maintenance and strengthening of storm rainfall. This branch of inverse circulation is relative to the reinforcement of jet's non-zonal characteristics. From the field of mesoscale divergence field and non-zonal wind field, we know that the stronger symmetry caused by transverse circulation in the two sides of the jet, rainfall’s feedback and reinforcement of jet’s non-zonal characteristics had lead to positive feedback mechanism that was favorable of storm rainfall’s strengthening.  相似文献   

北半球500百帕极地环流与厄尔尼诺、南方涛动及我国气温场的遥相关     

施能  罗伯良 《南京气象学院学报》1992,(2)

本文用1951—1984年的资料对500百帕、65°N以北的高度场作自然正交展开,用模糊聚类对典型场归类。指出,极涡月平均场有三种形态,1月份平均场形态较特殊;大尺度距平场也有三种形态,4月份距平场形态较特殊。此外,研究了典型场的时间权重系数与厄尔尼诺、南方涛动的关系。指出,厄尔尼诺现象发生的当年4月、10月极地大尺度距平场有明显的异常特征。这种极地环流异常已明显影响到我国4月份、10月份的气温场。因而,可能是厄尔尼诺年我国气温4月偏低、10月偏高的一个重要原因。  相似文献   

用物质线的轨迹积分方法研究阻塞     

张绍晴  陈久康 《南京气象学院学报》1992,15(3):315-322

  相似文献   

北半球大气臭氧层的遥相关结构分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王卫国  秦芳 《大气科学》1992,16(4):400-408

本文分析了北半球冬春季和夏秋季大气O_3层的遥相关结构.结果发现,O_3层存在一系列遥相关型,其时域特征与O_3层槽脊及大气环流型的变化有关,主要可分为:(1)O_3槽间型,(2)O_3槽脊型,(3)O_3脊间型.表明遥相关区域的空间分布具有波状结构.随着环流型的季节调整,冬春季与夏秋季O_3层的遥相关结构存在着差异.所得结果可显示出大气环流对O_3的输送作用以及环流系统振荡导致的O_3层异常分布,这对进一步揭示O_3层的时域演变特征具有重要意义.  相似文献   

非常定自适应网格模式在台风路径数值预报中的应用   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

刘卓  曾庆存 《大气科学》1995,19(3):301-308

本文将作者在前文中介绍的非常定自适应网格模式用于台风路径的数值预报。由于自适应网格在台风中心附近安排了较密的网格，有效地提高了网格的分辨率，使得台风环流的结构在预报48小时以后仍能保持，其预报的路径与实况相比令人鼓舞。  相似文献   

台湾岛地形对台风移动路径的作用   总被引：27，自引：3，他引：27       下载免费PDF全文

罗哲贤  陈联寿 《大气科学》1995,19(6):701-706

本文用一个β平面准地转正压模式实施了九组试验，研究台湾岛地形对台风移动路径的作用。初始场系根据SPECTRUM和TCM-90期间加强观测资料确定。结果表明:台湾岛地形的引进会使台风路径向右偏移；地形使台风环流的最大风速区向台风中心方向推移，造成台风环流空间尺度减小，这个结构的变化是路径右偏的一个可能原因。  相似文献   

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF MESOSCALE STRUCTURES OF TYPHOON AND OROGRAPHIC EFFECTS USING MM5^*          下载免费PDF全文

Wang Pengyun 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1999,13(4):474-493

The track,landfall,dynamic and thermodynamic and cloud-rain physical mesoscale structures and their evolution of typhoon HERB 1996 in 36 h from 0000 UTC 31 July to 1200 UTC 1 August 1996 were simulated by using the non-hydrostatic mesoscale model MM5.This period covered the process of typhoon HERB landfall at Taiwan and Fujian Provinces.Results show that the model successfully simulated the landfall process of typhoon HERB,revealed the most important characteristics of the mesoscale dynamic and thermodynamic and cloud-rain physical structure during its landfall.The simulated typhoon track was close to the observation.The center of cyclonic circulation simulated at 0000 UTC on 1 August 1996 (24 h integration) was located in shore near Fuqing,Fujian Province at which the typhoon was reported to landfall two hours later.It shows that strong upward motion formed by low level convergence existed in the eye-wall and subsidence at the eye.The wind field shows clear asymmetrical structure near the typhoon center.The cloud and rainband was screw-typed distributed around typhoon center,and consisted of meso-β scale rain cores.During the period of typhoon HERB staying near and passing over Taiwan,the lower cloud was developed in the eye region so that the previous clear typhoon eye on the satellite pictures became fuzzy.Observation shows that the typhoon center was "warm",but the model simulations with higher space resolution show that in the mid-troposphere the region of eye-wall with stronger upward motion and more cloud-and rain-water was warmer than the eye.During the period of typhoon passing over Taiwan and its following landfall at Fujian,the track of model typhoon deviated about 30 km northward (i.e.,rightward) because of the orographic effects of Taiwan Island,but the strength of the typhoon was not affected remarkably.The amount of rainfall on Taiwan in the 36 h simulations was enhanced more than six times by the orographic lifting of Taiwan Mountain.  相似文献