Magnetic anisotropy as a correction for compaction-caused palaeomagnetic inclination shallowing     

K. P. Kodama  W. W. Sun 《Geophysical Journal International》1992,111(3):465-469

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Synthetic Experiments Dealing with Anisotropic Model Building     

Bakker  P. M. 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2002,46(4):773-792

It has been shown in the past that the interval-NMO velocity and the non-ellipticity parameter largely control the P-wave reflection time moveout of VTI media. To invert for these two parameters, one needs either reasonably large offsets, or some structure in the subsurface in combination with relatively mild lateral velocity variation.This paper deals with a simulation of an inversion approach, building on the assumption that accurately measured V _NMO, as defined by small offset asymptotics for a particular reflector, were available. Instead of such measurements we take synthetically computed data. First, an isotropic model is constructed which explains these V _NMO. Subsequently, residual moveout in common image gathers is modelled by ray tracing (replacing real data), along with its sensitivity for changes in the interval-NMO velocity and the non-ellipticity parameter under the constraint that V _NMO is preserved. This enables iterative updating of the non-ellipticity parameter and the interval-NMO velocity in a layer that can be laterally inhomogeneous.This approach is successfully applied for a mildly dipping reflector at the bottom of a layer with laterally varying medium parameters. With the exact V _NMO assumed to be given, lateral inhomogeneity and anisotropy can be distinguished for such a situation. However, for another example with a homogeneous VTI layer overlying a curved reflector with dip up to 30°, there appears to be an ambiguity which can be understood by theoretical analysis. Consistently with existing theory using the NMO-ellipse, the presented approach is successfully applied to the latter example if V _NMO in the strike direction is combined with residual moveout in dip direction.  相似文献   

不同温压下岩石弹性波速度、衰减及各向异性与组构的关系   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

刘斌 《地学前缘》2000,7(1):247-257

结合岩石组构分析 ,阐述了岩石弹性波传播速度和衰减以及它们的各向异性与岩石组构之间的关系。在不同温压条件下对具有很强晶格优选方位的岩石样品的研究表明 ,随着围压的增加 ,波速和Q值均增大 ,但是在相互正交的 3个方向上 (垂直或平行于层理面及线理方向 )增大的速度并不相同 ,这与微裂隙的逐渐闭合密切相关。观测到的波速和Q值的各向异性具有不同的形成机理 ,波速各向异性主要与定向分布的微裂隙和主要矿物的晶格优选方位等构造因素有关 ;高围压下Q值各向异性与速度各向异性正好相反 ,可能是由于定向排列的矿物晶体沿不同方向其边界之间接触程度不同造成的。对岩石组构的研究不仅可以揭示岩体的变形机制、变形的动力学过程及其有关的热力学信息 ,还可以对宏观岩石的各种物理性质 ,尤其是力学特性 ,从微观机理上加以解释。文中特别强调了岩石组构分析对研究岩石物理性质的各向异性具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献   

2.5维各向异性介质中地震波场数值模拟     

武晔  李小凡  赵玉莲  李信富 《物探化探计算技术》2006,28(4):289-293

这里实现了在2.5维各向异性介质中地震波传播的数值模拟。首先从2.5维一阶速度-应力弹性各向异性波动方程出发,得出了该方程的拟谱法数值解法;然后通过对Marmousi速度模型进行数值模拟,表明了拟谱法的有效性;最后计算并分析了均匀和混合各向异性介质中波的传播快照和理论模拟的地震记录,进一步认识了波在各向异性介质中的传播规律。  相似文献   

Errors due to the anisotropic-common-ray approximation of the coupling ray theory     

L. Klimeš  P. Bulant 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2006,50(3):463-477

The common-ray approximation eliminates problems with ray tracing through S-wave singularities and also considerably simplifies the numerical algorithm of the coupling ray theory for S waves, but may introduce errors in travel times due to the perturbation from the common reference ray. These travel-time errors can deteriorate the coupling-ray-theory solution at high frequencies. It is thus of principal importance for numerical applications to estimate the errors due to the common-ray approximation applied. The anisotropic-common-ray approximation of the coupling ray theory is more accurate than the isotropic-common-ray approximation. We derive the equations for estimating the travel-time errors due to the anisotropic-common-ray (and also isotropic-common-ray) approximation of the coupling ray theory. The errors of the common-ray approximations are calculated along the anisotropic common rays in smooth velocity models without interfaces. The derivation is based on the general equations for the second-order perturbations of travel time.  相似文献   

中国大陆及邻区海域地壳上地幔各向异性研究   总被引：11，自引：6，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

彭艳菊  黄忠贤  苏伟  郑月军 《地球物理学报》2007,50(3):752-759

利用分别由Love波和Rayleigh波得到的S波速度结构的差值（VSH-VSV）对中国大陆及邻区海域（70°E～145°E，15°N～55°N）地壳上地幔中的偏振各向异性进行研究.初步研究结果表明，各向异性在空间分布上存在不均匀性：（1）在小于150 km的深度范围内，VSH>VSV的各向异性体占主导地位，反映出在地球的浅部岩石圈内的水平应力作用及软流圈顶部物质的水平向流动对各向异性的形成起主导作用.在大陆地区，各向异性的强度随深度有显著变化.上地壳和上地幔盖层中的各向异性普遍较弱，而在流变性较强的下地壳和软流圈存在较大范围的各向异性.这一现象说明下地壳在岩石圈变形中可能有解耦作用.（2）在大于200 km深度的软流圈下部主要表现为VSH<VSV的各向异性，说明地幔物质垂直运动相对占优势地位.（3）在中国大陆东部可以看出一个大致趋势：在构造比较稳定的地区，岩石圈中VSH>VSV的各向异性比较显著，而软流圈中VSH<VSV的各向异性较弱；在构造活动比较强烈的地区，软流圈中VSH<VSV的各向异性占主导地位.（4）印度板块低角度向青藏高原下俯冲影响了中国大陆西部地区各向异性的特征.印度板块向北运动水平挤压中国西部大陆，使得物质定向重结晶，从而在岩石圈下部产生显著的VSH>VSV各向异性.  相似文献   

Seismic identification of channel sandbodies in the Fuyang oil layer in North Songliao Basin, China     

刘金平王允清  杨懋新谢春来赵秀红  陈淑梅 《应用地球物理》2007,4(2):127-132

The Fuyang oil-layer in North Songliao Basin is characterized by thin interbedded sands and shales, strong lateral variation, strong reservoir heterogeniety, and so on. The thickness of individual sand layers is generally 3 - 5 m. Identifying the channel sand-bodies of the Fuyang oil layer using seismic techniques is very difficult due to the low seismic resolution. Taking the GTZ area as an example, we discuss the genetic characteristics of the channel sand-bodies and point out the real difficulty in using seismic techniques to predict the channel sand-bodies. Two methods for the identification of channels are presented： frequency spectrum imaging and pre-stack azimuthal anisotropy. Identifying the channel sand-bodies in Fuyu oil-layer using the two seismic methods results in a success rate up to 80% compared with well data.  相似文献   

河床水力传导度及其各向异性的测定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

何志斌  赵文智 《水科学进展》2007,18(3):351-355

采用直接测定法观测了黑河中游段河床水力传导度及其各向异性,结果表明:河床水力传导度不仅存在较强的各向异性,而且存在空间尺度上的变异性.河床中心位置在垂直、水平和θ=30°方向的平均水力传导度分别为0.45、22.49和1.71 m/d,河床边分别为5.95、29.69、16.80 m/d.在同一测点,水力传导度随着与水平方向的夹角增大呈幂函数曲线下降.试验结果表明河床边是河水的主要渗漏区,并且以侧渗为主.  相似文献   

厚层河道砂体储层非均质性研究——以葡萄花油层组PI1-PI4小层为例     

单敬福  路杨  纪友亮 《地质找矿论丛》2007,22(2):125-130,151

储层非均质性对油气田的勘探和开发效果影响很大.结合测井资料二次解释的孔隙度(Φ)、泥质含量(Vsh)、粒度中值(Md)、束缚水饱和度(Swi)等资料,借助BP网络对渗透率进行预测.对萨尔图油田中部葡萄花油层组的非均质性进行了定量半定量的研究,认为萨尔图油田中部葡萄花油层组PI2小层层内非均质性最严重,与沉积微相密切相关.单砂层垂向上渗透率的变化以正韵律和复合式韵律为主,局部发育反韵律模式.葡萄花油层组PI1-PI4小层层内非均质性强弱依次为PI2a,PI3,PI2b,PI1,PI4;层间非均质性在PI3和PI4间表现得最强,其他相对要弱;各小层平面非均质性相差无几,整体表现为较强的非均质性.  相似文献   

Interpretation of a two-point flux stencil for skew parallelogram grids     

Ivar Aavatsmark 《Computational Geosciences》2007,11(3):199-206

Control-volume formulations for elliptic equations often use two-point flux stencils, even for skew grids. Any two-point flux stencil may be interpreted as a multipoint flux stencil. This yields a definition of the permeability (or conductivity) tensor. Formulas for calculating the permeability tensor, based on the user-specified quantities in the two-point flux stencil, are given. Numerical test examples demonstrate the validity of the derivation.   相似文献