3D seismic analysis of the Coast Shear Zone in SE Alaska and Western British Columbia: Broadside analysis of ACCRETE wide-angle data     

Hongyan Li  Igor B. Morozov  Scott B. Smithson 《Tectonophysics》2008,448(1-4):20-32

The multidisciplinary ACCRETE project addresses the question of continental assemblage in southeast Alaska and western British Columbia by terrane accretion and magmatic addition. The previous studies of this project yielded important information for understanding the structures across the Coast Shear Zone (CSZ) and the formation of the CSZ and the Coast Mountains Batholith (CMB). The present study extends these interpretations into pseudo-3-D by using two additional wide-angle ACCRETE seismic lines. By analyzing the broadside wide-angle data using a series of laterally homogeneous 2-D models, we derive a lower-resolution 3-D velocity model of the outboard terranes and constrain variations in crustal thickness across and along the CSZ. Models of the broadside data confirms major structural and compositional trends extend along strike to the northwest. The key features are: a) a steep Moho ramp only  15-km wide is coincident with the CSZ and divides thin (25 ± 1 km) crust to the west below the west-vergent thrust belt (WTB) from thicker ( 31 ± 1 km) crust to the east below the CMB, (b) low-velocity mantle (7.7--7.9 km/s) extends beneath the entire study region indicating high crustal and upper-mantle temperatures below the WTB and CMB, and (c) the Alexander terrane is characterized by strong mid-crustal reflectivity and high lower crustal velocities that are consistent with gabbroic composition. This study extends the earlier interpretation and implies that the ramp is indeed likely associated with transpressional tectonics and magmatic crustal addition east of the CSZ.  相似文献   

Array magnetotelluric soundings in the active seismic area of Northern Tien Shan     

A.K. Rybin  V.V. Spichak  V.Yu. Batalev  E.A. Bataleva  V.E. Matyukov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2008,49(5):337-349

High-density array MT soundings of the crust in the seismically active northern Tien Shan were performed using Phoenix MTU-5 stations in the Bishkek Geodynamic Polygon, at the junction of the Chu basin and the Kyrgyz Range. The MT transfer functions were determined to an accuracy of 1–2% (amplitude) and about 0.5–0.8 deg (phase) in most of 145 soundings. Preliminary analysis of the collected data aimed at estimating the geoelectrical dimensionality. The Bahr decomposition analysis indicated the presence of local 3D structures in the crust of the area superposed on the regional 2D structure.  相似文献   

Sources of granite magmatism in the Embu Terrane (Ribeira Belt,Brazil): Neoproterozoic crust recycling constrained by elemental and isotope (Sr-Nd-Pb) geochemistry     

《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2016

Whole rock elemental and Sr–Nd isotope geochemistry and in situ K-feldspar Pb isotope geochemistry were used to identify the sources involved in the genesis of Neoproterozoic granites from the Embu Terrane, Ribeira Belt, SE Brazil. Granite magmatism spanned over 200 Ma (810–580 Ma), and is dominated by crust-derived relatively low-T (850–750 °C, zircon saturation) biotite granites to biotite-muscovite granites. Two Cryogenian plutons show the least negative εNd_t (−8 to −10) and highest mg# (30–40) of the whole set. Their compositions are strongly contrasted, implying distinct sources for the peraluminous (ASI ∼ 1.2) ∼660 Ma Serra do Quebra-Cangalha batholith (metasedimentary rocks from relatively young upper crust with high Rb/Sr and low Th/U) and the metaluminous (ASI = 0.96–1.00) ∼ 630 Ma Santa Catarina Granite. Although not typical, the geochemical signature of these granites may reflect a continental margin arc environment, and they could be products of a prolonged period of oceanic plate consumption started at ∼810 Ma. The predominant Ediacaran (595–580 Ma) plutons have a spread of compositions from biotite granites with SiO₂ as low as ∼65% (e.g., Itapeti, Mauá, Sabaúna and Lagoinha granites) to fractionated muscovite granites (Mogi das Cruzes, Santa Branca and Guacuri granites; up to ∼75% SiO₂). εNd_T are characteristically negative (−12 to −18), with corresponding Nd T_DM indicating sources with Paleoproterozoic mean crustal ages (2.0–2.5 Ga). The Guacuri and Santa Branca muscovite granites have the more negative εNd_t, highest ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr_t (0.714–0.717) and lowest ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁶Pb and ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb, consistent with an old metasedimentary source with low time-integrated Rb/Sr. However, a positive Nd–Sr isotope correlation is suggested by data from the other granites, and would be consistent with mixing between an older source predominant in the Mauá granite and a younger, high Rb/Sr source that is more abundant in the Lagoinha granite sample. The Ediacaran granites are coeval with profuse granite magmatism attributed to continental arc magmatism in northern Ribeira and Araçuaí belts. However, their evolved compositions with low mg# and dominantly peraluminous character are unlike those of magmatic arc granites, and they are more likely products of post-collisional magmatism or correspond to an inner belt of crust-derived granites.  相似文献   

Alkali-calcic and alkaline post-orogenic (PO) granite magmatism: petrologic constraints and geodynamic settings   总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30  

Bernard Bonin  Abla Azzouni-Sekkal  Franois Bussy  Sandrine Ferrag 《Lithos》1998,45(1-4):45-70

The end of an orogenic Wilson cycle corresponds to amalgamation of terranes into a Pangaea and is marked by widespread magmatism dominated by granitoids. The post-collision event starts with magmatic processes still influenced by subducted crustal materials. The dominantly calc-alkaline suites show a shift from normal to high-K to very high-K associations. Source regions are composed of depleted and later enriched orogenic subcontinental lithospheric mantle, affected by dehydration melting and generating more and more K- and LILE-rich magmas. In the vicinity of intra-crustal magma chambers, anatexis by incongruent melting of hydrous minerals may generate peraluminous granitoids bearing mafic enclaves. The post-collision event ends with emplacement of bimodal post-orogenic (PO) suites along transcurrent fault zones. Two suites are defined, (i) the alkali-calcic monzonite–monzogranite–syenogranite–alkali feldspar granite association characterised by [biotite+plagioclase] fractionation and moderate [LILE+HFSE] enrichments and (ii) the alkaline monzonite–syenite–alkali feldspar granite association characterised by [amphibole+alkali feldspar] fractionation and displaying two evolutionary trends, one peralkaline with sodic mafic mineralogy and higher enrichments in HFSE than in LILE, and the other aluminous biotite-bearing marked by HFSE depletion relative to LILE due to accessory mineral precipitation. Alkali-calcic and alkaline suites differ essentially in the amounts of water present within intra-crustal magma chambers, promoting crystallisation of various mineral assemblages. The ultimate enriched and not depleted mantle source is identical for the two PO suites. The more primitive LILE and HFSE-rich source rapidly replaces the older orogenic mantle source during lithosphere delamination and becomes progressively the thermal boundary layer of the new lithosphere. Present rock compositions are a mixture of major mantle contribution and various crustal components carried by F-rich aqueous fluids circulating within convective cells created around magma chambers. In favourable areas, PO suites pre-date a new orogenic Wilson cycle.  相似文献   

化学地球动力学   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

郑永飞  李曙光  陈江峰 《地球科学进展》1998,13(2):121-128

化学地球动力学是地球化学的分支学科,它在研究地球内部化学组成和演化时,把地球视为一个完整的动力学系统而不是彼此孤立的地质集合体。它通过研究地球各层圈内部的化学结构和过程以及不同层圈之间的化学相互作用,从而从本质上研究和认识发生在地球内部的各种地质作用。简述了化学地球动力学研究在固体地球科学中的重要性,概括了化学地球动力学的特点和突出成果,分析了化学地球动力学研究的科学意义,并对在中国开展壳幔相互作用的化学地球动力学研究提出了建议。  相似文献   

雅鲁藏布江缝合带的双陆内俯冲构造与部分熔融层特征──INDEPTH项目结果的初步综合   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

赵文津 Nels.  KD 《地球物理学报》1997,40(3):325-336

根据中、美两国合作开展的西藏深反射地震结果,提出雅鲁藏布江缝合带（YZS）的"双陆内俯冲"构造模式和缝合带南、北分别存在着不同特征的、规模不一的部分熔融层;提出YZS处断裂向深部延深有限,认为YZS处地壳增厚有4种机制：①地壳规模的大的俯冲增厚;②上部地壳内的俯冲和背冲增厚;③下地壳内的底部垫托增厚和挤压增厚;④深部熔融体的向上挤入而引起的地壳增厚.提出可能存在两条大的伸展性断裂,造成江孜南、北地块间出现了大升降.  相似文献   

Late Carboniferous-Permian intracontinental extension and orogeny in Dashizhai-Holin Gol area,Inner MongoliaSCIEI北大核心CSCD     

胡邦超  徐备  孟巍  邢凯 《岩石学报》2023,(5):1339-1352

俯冲和挤压过程将形成具有加厚地壳的岛弧带或造山带,而伸展过程则形成具有减薄地壳的伸展盆地,因此可以通过地壳厚度推测岩石组合形成时的大地构造背景,并揭示它代表的深部地球动力学过程。兴蒙造山带东部大石寨地区以著名的大石寨组火山岩为特征,其岩浆活动的性质、形成过程和构造背景一直备受争议,其中,该套岩石的构造背景的认识存在岛弧和陆内裂谷两种主要观点。本文根据岩性组合及年代学特征,将大石寨地区主要岩石组合从下到上分为晚石炭世火山岩、早二叠世寿山沟组和大石寨组、中二叠世哲斯组,并利用大石寨-霍林郭勒地区的火山岩和碎屑岩锆石的微量元素及火山岩的全岩微量元素数据,估算了晚石炭世-二叠纪地壳厚度的变化趋势。结果表明,360Ma到320Ma时期发生地壳加厚,320~300Ma地壳从加厚转为减薄;而在300~280Ma时期,地壳厚度减薄最明显且厚度最小。综合岩浆活动、沉积环境和地壳厚度变化曲线等特征,可将大石寨-霍林郭勒地区晚石炭世到二叠纪的构造演化分为4个阶段:第一阶段(360~320Ma),碰撞产生的挤压背景导致区域性隆升和早-中古生代造山带物质的堆叠,使地壳厚度增大,导致幔源岩浆上侵,引起部分熔融作用,形成以侵入岩为特征的地壳垂向增生;第二阶段(320~300Ma),由于碰撞后伸展使得地壳处于从加厚到减薄的转换过程,发育与伸展相关的岩浆活动;第三阶段为300~280Ma,软流圈上涌造成地壳发生强烈伸展,导致地壳厚度明显减薄和大规模岩浆活动,以大石寨组岩浆活动进入高峰期为标志。该时期大规模岩浆活动和裂谷沉积特征与地壳厚度减薄的地球动力学背景高度吻合,从而揭示大石寨-霍林郭勒地区早-中二叠世处于地壳伸展而非俯冲-碰撞过程。第四阶段为280~260Ma,由于蒙古-鄂霍茨克造山带和大别-秦岭中央造山带的远距离效应造成地壳加厚,形成陆内造山带。  相似文献   

华北地区重力势能差水平构造应力分布特征     

李忠亚  胡敏章  李辉 《大地测量与地球动力学》2017,37(9):908-912

采用Crust 1.0 地壳模型、SIO V24.1重力场模型和SIO V18.1地形模型计算华北地区的重力势能,并进行动力地形改正以消除岩石圈下地幔运动产生的径向作用力对重力势能的影响。利用有限元方法求解重力势能与水平构造应力之间的平衡方程,得到华北地区的水平构造应力分布。结果表明,华北地区水平构造应力空间分布不均匀,高重力势能区表现为引张状态,低势能区为压缩状态;阴山-燕山断块中北部为高势能区,张应力以N-S方向分布;华北平原断块西南部卫辉周围、东北部葫芦岛和秦皇岛一带以及河淮平原断块西北部郑州附近为低势能区,最大主应力方向为NWW-SEE。  相似文献   

藏北双湖地区早白垩世晚期赞宗错安山岩:青藏高原早期隆升的时间约束     

胡懿灵  刘治博  王根厚  宋扬  袁国礼  郑明  邵华胜 《岩石学报》2019,35(7):2173-2188

班公湖-怒江缝合带中广泛分布早白垩世安山岩,其中碰撞后地壳增生所产生的安山岩对于青藏高原隆升研究具有重要的意义。赞宗错安山岩位于班公湖-怒江缝合带中段下白垩统去申拉组陆相红层中,锆石U-Pb年龄结果表明安山岩形成于113. 44±0. 88Ma～115. 00±0. 51Ma,属早白垩世晚期。岩石地球化学分析结果表明赞宗错安山岩属高钾钙碱性系列,富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素和重稀土元素。同时,安山岩εNd(t)为-3. 56～-1. 40,(87Sr/86Sr)i相对恒定(0. 7069～0. 7079),εHf(t)值为较小的正负值(-3. 66～6. 05)。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素和锆石Hf同位素显示安山岩来自幔源玄武质岩浆上涌造成的镁铁质下地壳部分重熔,为碰撞后地壳增生、下地壳重熔的产物,同时有幔源物质加入,指示了青藏高原中部地壳加厚及隆升。结合拉萨-南羌塘地块碰撞时间,推断赞宗错安山岩发育年代代表了高原中部早期隆升时间。本文为探讨青藏高原早期隆升提供了物质记录和有力证据。  相似文献   

甘肃东南部地壳速度结构的区域地震波形反演   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

李少华  王彦宾  梁子斌  何少林  曾文浩 《地球物理学报》2012,55(4):1186-1197

利用2007年完成扩建的甘肃东南部及邻近地区的24个宽频带固定地震台站记录到的2008年8月1日汶川地震余震的三分量地震全波形资料,采用小生境遗传算法和反射率法结合的波形反演方法,给出了甘肃东南部两个分区的地壳速度模型.西区和东区分别对应青藏高原块体和它与鄂尔多斯块体之间的过渡带,反演给出的平均模型显示,两个区上、中地壳的平均P波速度非常接近,由酸性岩和中性岩组成,下地壳P波速度差别较大,东区为6.41 km/s,西区为6.96 km/s,厚度相差也较大,东区为9.3 km,西区为19.8 km,地壳厚度由西向东减小,分别为54.6 km和47.9 km.显示西区下地壳由基性岩组成,而东区下地壳由中性岩组成,支持研究区内青藏高原东北缘地壳增厚主要发生在下地壳的观点.西区的上地幔顶部P波速度为7.73 km/s,对应年轻的构造活动区,而东区为8.05 km/s,对应稳定的古老地块.东区在上地壳上部存在厚约6.5 km的沉积层,P波速度为5.78 km/s,但是该沉积层在西部缺失.和PREM模型给出的全球平均地壳速度值相比,两个分区的地壳速度值整体偏低.  相似文献