Structure,composition and bulk properties of upland stream gravels     

Paul A. Carling  Nigel A. Reader 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1982,7(4):349-365

Upland gravel-bedded streams in the U.K. have received only scant attention from both hydrologists and sedimentologists, but are worthy of further investigation. The sedimentology of three small streams in Teesdale in the Pennines has been examined in detail. Grain-size characteristics, bedforms, structure, composition and packing characteristics of these deposits are described, and compared where appropriate with published information. It is argued that a fuller appreciation of gravel bed composition and morphology should eventually contribute to an improved understanding of sediment transport and deposition mechanisms, and, hence, to improved accuracy in sediment transport and deposition estimates.  相似文献   

漫湾水库蓄水前后库区地震活动性与构造应力场分析     

王绍晋  秦嘉政  龙晓帆 《地震研究》2005,28(1):53-57

对漫湾水库蓄水诱发地震作了分析，结果表明，蓄水后库区小震频次明显增加，近距离地震明显增多，在蓄水首次达到高水位和由高水位突降至低水位时，诱发了最强地震。表明蓄水对库区构造应力场产生了影响，使得局部应力场较区域构造应力场作用方向出现明显偏转，作用方式发生改变，呈现较大的垂直作用效应，节面错动出现较大正倾滑动分量。  相似文献   

浅层气藏流体相控属性参数建模及应用     

龙国清  邓宏文  朱继田  杨希冰  王立峰 《海相油气地质》2007,12(4):37-42

对钻井资料较少的莺歌海盆地某气田采用流体相控属性建模,利用叠前纵横波速度比反演预测储层含气性和储层测井综合解释成果,用随机模拟方法建立储层的流体相模型;用流体相模型进行间接相控,建立了用波阻抗约束的随机模拟孔隙度模型,解决了浅层气藏由于受含气效应影响导致模拟的气层孔隙度偏高而难以正确反映储层物性分布的问题。在此基础上求得连通因子平面分布,勾出孔隙度分隔带,解释了研究区压力和气体类型分区特征。  相似文献   

REGULATION OF FLOW AND SEDIMENT LOAD IN THE YELLOW RIVER     

Wenxue LI Jixiang LIU Zhanwei WAN 《国际泥沙研究》2007,22(2):103-113

Small runoff, large sediment load, and incompatible relationship of flow and sediment load are very important characteristics of the Yellow River. They are also the crux of the most prominent problems of the Yellow River. To solve these problems, the regimes of flow and sediment load have to be improved by increasing water, reducing sediment load, and by using reservoirs to regulate flow and sediment load. The results of experiments for regulating the flow and sediment load in the last three years by the Xiaolangdi Reservoir have indicated that this measure is a realistic and effective way to mitigate the prominent problems in flood control of the Lower Yellow River at present and in the near future. However, the regulation system is still imperfect. It is advisable to speed up the pace of research and construction of the system for regulating flow and sediment load.  相似文献   

SPECIFIC DEGRADATION OF WATERSHEDS     

Boubacar KANE Pierre Y. JULIEN 《国际泥沙研究》2007,22(2):114-119

An extensive database of reservoir sedimentation surveys throughout continental United States is compiled and analyzed to determine specific degradation SD relationships as function of mean annual rainfall R, drainage area A, and watershed slope S. The database contains 1463 field measurements and specific degradation relationships are defined as function of A, R and S. Weak trends and significant variability in the data are noticeable. Specific degradation measurements are log normally distributed with respect to R, A, and S and 95% confidence intervals are determined accordingly. The accuracy of the predictions does not significantly increase as more independent variables are added to the regression analyses.  相似文献   

EFFECTS OF RIVER NETWORK WORKS AND SOIL CONSERVATION MEASURES ON RESERVOIR SILTATION     

Bruno MOLINO Rosa VIPARELLI Annamaria DE VINCENZO 《国际泥沙研究》2007,22(4):273-281

Knowledge of the morphological dynamics of a water course is essential for management of reservoir siltation. With an example of sedimentation in a reservoir in Basilicata, Italy, this paper demonstrates the effect on reservoir siltation of the hydraulic works, which are aimed to reduce sediment transport along the fluvial network and to prevent part of the sediment discharge from reaching the lake. The effect depends on the river type and on the the geological features of river basin slopes. The paper also shows how mass erosion can significantly contribute to development of reservoir siltation. Finally, preliminary results are provided about the time needed for river training works to be effective.  相似文献   

Prediction of surface horizontal displacements, and gravity and tilt changes caused by filling the Three Gorges Reservoir   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

H. Wang  H. T. Hsu  Y. Z. Zhu 《Journal of Geodesy》2002,76(2):105-114

 Horizontal displacements, and gravity and tilt changes induced by filling the Three Gorges Reservoir are modeled using elastic loading Green functions. When the water surface reaches its highest level, the effects become maximum on the reservoir banks. The longitudinal and latitudinal components of the horizontal displacements reach −8.2 and 7.7 mm respectively, gravity is increased by up to 3.4 mGal, and the prime vertical and meridian components of the tilt changes are −7.8 and −17.5 arcseconds respectively. Accordingly, the filling of the reservoir will influence values observed from global positioning system (GPS), gravimetry and tilt measurements in the area. The results given can be used to provide important corrections for extracting earthquake-related signals from observed data. Received: 19 January 2001 / Accepted: 3 September 2001  相似文献   

从已发现的油气田看中国海相油气勘探   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

张抗 《海相油气地质》2002,7(2):1-14

中国海相油气勘探的主要目标是古生界碳酸盐岩,在漫长的演化历程中它的主要成藏类型是准原生型。对形成保存至今的工业油气藏来说,碳酸盐岩中有效烃源岩的总有机碳含量下限应≥0.5%,滨海相或海陆交互相煤系可对生烃作出重大贡献。碳酸盐岩中的储集体受裂缝—岩溶发育程度的控制而分为三种基本类型:(1)以孤立的缝洞储集体为主者称纳溪型,各储集体内的流体性质、压力均可有不同;(2)各储集体间相互连通从而有统一的压力和气、油、水界面,若其似块状者称任丘型,若其似层状者则称威远型;(3)居于这两个端元间的过渡类型为塔河型,其各部分之间的流体性质和压力可有一定差别,无统一油水界面。应注意对似层状储集体的勘探研究,保存条件的好坏对海相油气田有决定性的意义。在分析复杂的多期成藏史中,要注意古隆起和晚期成藏的辩证关系。我国的海相油气勘探有难度,要重新评价有效和高效烃源岩,从较浅部和次生油气蒇入手逼近油气源,寻找主力油气藏,要重视岩性圈闭和各构造(形变)层间的不吻合性。中国的海相油气勘探方向可分为优先勘探、立争突破、劣中选优三个层次。  相似文献   

中国古生界海相地层油气勘探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

钱凯  李本亮  许惠中 《海相油气地质》2002,7(3):1-9

影响中国古生界海相油气勘探并且需要加强研究的主要问题是:保存条件的认识与有利区预测;有效烃源岩与资源潜力;储层的复杂性及其对非构造圈闭的影响。保存条件分为三个层次:含油气盆地的保存、含油气系统的保存、油气藏的保存。塔里木、四川、鄂尔多斯三大克拉通盆地是中国古生界保存较好的盆地,是海相油气勘探的战略目标区,另外还有准噶尔、楚雄等盆地。盆地斜坡相泥岩及泥状灰岩是海相油气勘探的主要烃源;海陆过渡相烃源岩发育区是重要战略方向;陆表海碳酸盐岩烃源岩区是中小油气田勘探领域。从储层条件来说,下古生界应以非砂岩岩溶储层为主要勘探对象,溶蚀不整合面广泛发育,已发现的下古生界大中型油气田仅见于碳酸盐岩溶储层;上古生界以孔隙性碎屑岩及碳酸盐岩储层为主要勘探对象,晚古生代的构造一古地理演化为这两类储层的广泛发育提供了条件。  相似文献   

江苏台南油田储层地质模型的建立及应用     

肖蔚 《江苏地质》2002,26(2):84-87

溱潼凹陷台南油田储层非均质性严重，极大地影响了油田的开发效率。运用变差函数方法，研究井间储层纵，横向变化的特点，用克立金法和条件模拟法建立台南油田储层地质模型。该模型在油田开发调整井部署，注采井设计等方面取得了较好的应用效果。  相似文献