Accurate and practical thruster modeling for underwater vehicles     

Jinhyun Kim  Wan Kyun Chung   《Ocean Engineering》2006,33(5-6):566-586

The thruster is the crucial factor of an underwater vehicle system, because it is the lowest layer in the control loop of the system. In this paper, we propose an accurate and practical thrust modeling for underwater vehicles which considers the effects of ambient flow velocity and angle. In this model, the axial flow velocity of the thruster, which is non-measurable, is represented by ambient flow velocity and propeller shaft velocity. Hence, contrary to previous models, the proposed model is practical since it uses only measurable states. Next, the whole thrust map is divided into three states according to the state of ambient flow and propeller shaft velocity, and one of the borders of the states is defined as critical advance ratio (CAR). This classification explains the physical phenomenon of conventional experimental thrust maps. In addition, the effect of the incoming angle of ambient flow is analyzed, and Critical Incoming Angle (CIA) is also defined to describe the thrust force states. The proposed model is evaluated by comparing experimental data with numerical model simulation data, and it accurately covers overall flow conditions within ±2 N force error. The comparison results show that the new model's matching performance is significantly better than conventional models'.  相似文献   

一个深海定常风生流模式          下载免费PDF全文

陈水明 《海洋与湖沼》1993,24(4):377-384

基于一定的实测资料,假定了深海垂直湍流系数的垂直分布。此基础上,从简化的动量方程中求得了定常风生流流速解,其主要结果是:(1)在中等海况下,表层风生流的右偏角约为24°;(2)对于弱海况,表层流大小与海面风速几乎成线性关系,而在高海况下要缓慢得多;(3)强海况下,有明显的逆风流,而在弱海况下,几乎不存在逆风流。  相似文献   

卫星截止高度角、对流层映射函数和海潮模型对南极GNSS精密定位的影响分析     

王朝阳  卢勇夺  邢喆  郭灿文  赵现仁 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(12):1294-1298

利用长城站、中山站及周边13个IGS站2018年的观测数据,对比分析不同卫星截止高度角、对流层映射函数和全球海潮模型对GNSS坐标精度的影响。结果表明,截止高度角设为7°时,GNSS坐标解算精度最优,随着截止高度角的增大或减小,精度逐渐降低;采用VMF3模型解算的双差定位精度优于NMF、GMF和VMF1模型,VMF3模型解算的精密单点定位精度与GMF和VMF1模型相当;海潮负荷对GNSS坐标解算的影响与坐标方位有关,高程方向可达cm级,选用不同的海潮模型解算的GNSS坐标差异可忽略不计。  相似文献   

Rockfall susceptibility zoning at a large scale: From geomorphological inventory to preliminary land use planning   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Ramon Copons  Joan M. Vilaplana   《Engineering Geology》2008,102(3-4):142

Rockfall, up to several hundreds of cubic meters, is a frequent and rapid landslide which menaces extensive areas in mountainous territories. Rockfall susceptibility zoning map at a large scale (1:5000–1:25 000) can be the first tool for land use planning in order to manage rockfall risk. A methodology allowing to analyze susceptibility in extensive areas with optimum cost/benefit relationship is needed. This work analyzes rockfall susceptibility in an extensive rocky mountain of the Principality of Andorra (Pyrenees Mountains), first on the rock slope and then on the exposed area located below. The rockfall record, obtained by means of geomorphological analysis, supplies the main data to analyze the susceptibility on the rock slope. An additional historical inventory verifies the accuracy of rockfall sizes recorded by means of the geomorphological analysis. According to the classification recommended by the Guidelines of Joint Technical Committee, the density of rockfall features on the rock slope assesses susceptibility in four levels. Subsequently, susceptibility on exposed areas has been analyzed by means of reach probability of rock blocks analysis using empirical models. Data acquired from thirteen recent events, from 1999 to 2004, have been used to verify the accuracy of the two empirical models mainly used (reach angle and shadow angle). Five reach probability limits (1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.01, and 0) establish boundaries between susceptibility levels. The resulting rockfall susceptibility zoning map allows: (a) to identify land areas and human elements exposed to rockfalls and, (b) to establish several exposition levels. This map can be a useful and cost-effective tool for administrations responsible to manage natural risk in order to guide urban grow in extensive areas or decide upon work programs based on in-depth analysis (hazard and risk).  相似文献   

复杂介质的三维块状模型快速射线追踪   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

吴军  贾雨 《物探化探计算技术》2008,30(6)

三维复杂介质的射线追踪,是目前在生产实际中应用最广泛的正演模拟技术。这里采用了块状结构的建模方法构造复杂三维地质体,以试射法作为射线追踪的基本算法。在试射过程中,引入了聚类的基本思想进行聚类加密,提高了射线追踪的效率。为了得到光滑连续的地层曲面,采用基于方位角的平滑处理对曲面进行平滑,可以进一步提高三维射线追踪的计算速度。同时,通过对迭代算法的改进,能够保证复杂模型的快速射线追踪。实际地质模型的射线追踪结果证明,改进后的射线追踪方法能够有效地提高复杂介质三维模型的射线追踪速度。  相似文献   

叶面积指数间接测量方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

阎广建  胡容海  罗京辉  穆西晗  谢东辉  张吴明 《遥感学报》2016,20(5):958-978

叶面积指数是对地遥感的关键参数。间接测量法快速高效,已广泛应用于叶面积指数的地面测量和遥感验证中,服务于众多行业和领域,表现为论文被引数远远大于发文数。从理论基础、代表算法、测量仪器、影响因素几个方面全面总结了叶面积指数间接测量方法的发展和现状,指出聚集/尺度效应、叶倾角分布、木质组分、地形效应是影响测量精度的关键因素,针对这些影响因素对未来发展方向进行了展望。  相似文献   

大洋平板俯冲的数值模拟再现:洋–陆汇聚速率影响     

皇甫鹏鹏  王岳军  范蔚茗  李忠海  王喻鸣  周永智 《大地构造与成矿学》2016,(3):429-445

利用地球动力学数值模拟方法探讨了洋-陆汇聚时,大洋岩石圈的绝对俯冲速率和上覆大陆岩石圈的向洋绝对逆冲速率对俯冲模式的影响,尤其是上覆大陆的向洋绝对逆冲速率与平板俯冲之间的关系。模型结果显示,对于年龄为40 Ma的含正常洋壳厚度的大洋岩石圈,在初始俯冲角度为现今洋–陆俯冲平均倾角的极小值(19°)条件下,低速大洋俯冲(绝对俯冲速率≤3 cm/a)且上覆大陆岩石圈向洋绝对逆冲速率≥1 cm/a时,具备形成平板俯冲的条件。当中–高速大洋俯冲(绝对俯冲速度3 cm/a)时,在上覆大陆的绝对逆冲速率不小于俯冲速率时可以形成平板俯冲。当增加初始俯冲角度到平均倾角的极大值(36°)时,仅在低速大洋俯冲(绝对俯冲速率≤3 cm/a)且绝对逆冲速率达到10 cm/a时(自然界中基本不存在),才有可能出现平板俯冲,其他情况均表现为陡俯冲。我们的模拟结果表明:(1)较高的大洋岩石圈绝对俯冲速率更容易克服板间耦合作用力而有利于陡俯冲形成;(2)较高的上覆大陆绝对逆冲速率更有利于俯冲板片弯曲而趋向于平板俯冲形成;(3)上覆大陆朝向海沟的逆冲速率会在俯冲板片下方产生水平向陆的地幔流,绝对逆冲速率越大该地幔流越强烈,导致作用于板片下表面的水平剪切分量越大而有利于板片弯折和平板俯冲发生;(4)初始俯冲角度的增加对平板俯冲的形成起到强烈抑制作用。这些能被现今平板俯冲,如具相似洋–陆汇聚速率条件的南美洲西海岸平板俯冲实例所验证。  相似文献   

甘肃敦煌现代边滩砂级颗粒叠瓦构造研究     

倪良田  钟建华  李勇  黄雷桐  邵珠福  刘圣鑫  孙宁亮  郝兵  毛毳 《沉积学报》2016,34(2):207-221

从近年来对甘肃敦煌党河和敦煌阿克塞河进行的详细的工作中发现了在现代边滩砂级颗粒中也会发育叠瓦构造,且远比砾石中的叠瓦构造复杂。首先,研究发现砂级叠瓦构造的倾角比砾石叠瓦构造的倾角变化要大,介于12°~88°之间,倾角均值在51°~63°,明显大于同河段砾石叠瓦构造的倾角34°,倾角如此之大可能与颗粒的紧密堆积有关;其次,倾向无砾石叠瓦构造那么稳定,有时可在小范围内呈现出双倾向。叠瓦构造倾角的统计分析数据也表明其稳定性不好;三是砂级叠瓦构造可以受薄层的控制,也可以呈层块状;四是根据砂级颗粒的接触关系又可以将其分为两种:颗粒支撑的叠瓦构造和含杂基的颗粒支撑叠瓦构造。颗粒支撑的叠瓦构造发育在"清水"环境,一般是在洪水的稳定期形成的;而含杂基的颗粒支撑砂级叠瓦构造则是发育在浊水环境,可能是在洪水的高峰时期形成的。砂级叠瓦构造的研究对于沉积环境的研究、古流分析和储层的研究具有重要的意义。颗粒支撑的砂级叠瓦构造还可以形成特殊的屏蔽孔隙,成为很好的储集空间,是砂岩储层出现各向异性的根本。  相似文献   

绳索取心钻杆负角度螺纹扭矩计算分析和测试研究          下载免费PDF全文

高申友  孙建华  蔡纪雄  刘狄磊 《探矿工程》2016,43(5):45-50

分析了绳索取心钻杆负角度螺纹受力状态,以静力学和材料力学为基础计算了用于深孔绳索取心钻探的CNHT绳索取心钻杆螺纹应力情况和抗扭能力。同时,针对不同锥度和牙高的负角度螺纹进行了理论计算和静扭测试比对,理论计算结果与测试结果非常接近,确定了该计算方法的准确性,优化总结出抗扭能力较强的负角度螺纹参数。  相似文献   

地形测量中两个常用公式的探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王同合 《测绘学院学报》1995,(3)

本文对地形测量中两个常用的公式进行了探讨，提高了它们的实用性及理论上的严密性，并对《城市测量规范》提出一点建设性意见。  相似文献