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71.
构造层次与大陆壳动力学机制转变关系 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
针对构造层次研究现状和存在的问题,把大陆壳划分为深部,中部,浅部和浅-表部四个构造层次。依据各自所处特定的构造位置、组成构造岩类型、形成的制约因素和地质时代等方面的区别,各构造层次分别是壳-幔间滑动,大陆张裂、隆-滑构造和变质核杂岩构造等多种大陆壳动力学机制转变过程中的产物。构造层次与大陆壳动力学机制转变关系的确定,更有利于古老板构造连续性、整体性的研究以及多期、多层次、多旋回大陆地壳演化模式的建 相似文献
72.
简评关于新产业区的国际学术讨论 总被引:36,自引:3,他引:36
20世纪70年代末和80年代初,当发达国家的绝大部分地区陷入衰退与停滞时,少数几个地区的经济却呈复苏甚至增长的势头,这些地区在经济运作模式上的相似性,引起了研究者的兴趣。由于它们和历史上马歇尔所描述过的产业区有惊人的相似之处,学者们将他们归为一类,称之为新产业区。本文对正在向纵深发展的关于新产业区的国际学术讨论作了简要的评述,并探讨了新产业区理论在我国的研究背景与进展。 相似文献
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Shintaro Yao Koichi Kobayashi Nozomu Yoshida Hiroshi Matsuo 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2004,24(5):572-409
Shaking table tests were conducted by means of a large-scale laminar box with 4 m in length, 2 m in width and 2 m in height in order to investigate behavior of a soil-pile-superstructure system in liquefiable ground. A model two-storey structure, supported by a pile group, was set in a saturated sand deposit, and subjected to a sinusoidal base motion with increasing amplitude. Discussions are focused on the transient behavior until soil liquefaction occurs. Main interests are characteristics of springs used in a sway-rocking model and a multi-freedom lumped mass (MFLM) model that are frequently used in soil–pile interaction analysis. The spring constant in the sway-rocking model is represented by restoring force characteristics at the pile head, and that in the MFLM system is represented by an interaction spring connecting the pile to the free field. The transient state prior to soil liquefaction is shown to be important in the design of a pile because dynamic earth pressure shows peak response in this state. The reduction of the stiffness due to excess porewater generation and strain dependent nonlinear behavior is evaluated. 相似文献
75.
G. Gudehus R. O. Cudmani A. B. Libreros-Bertini M. M. Bühler 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2004,24(4):319-342
The concept of in-plane and anti-plane shaking is introduced with a rigid block on a plane surface with Coulomb friction. Using a hypoplastic constitutive relation to model the mechanical behaviour of the soil, numerical solutions for a rigid block on a thin dry or saturated soil layer are obtained. The coupled nature of dynamic problems involving granular materials is shown, i.e. the motion of the block changes the soil state—skeleton stresses and density—which in turn affects the block motion. Motions of the block as well as soil response can be more realistically calculated by the new model. The same constitutive equation is applied to the numerical simulation of the propagation of plane waves in homogeneous and layered level soil deposits induced by a wave coming from below. Experiments with a novel laminar shake box as well as real seismic records from well-documented sites during strong earthquakes are used to verify the adequacy of the hypoplasticity-based numerical model for the prediction of soil response during strong earthquakes. The response of a homogeneous earth dam subjected to in-plane and anti-plane shaking is investigated numerically. In-plane and anti-plane shaking is shown to cause nearly the same spreading of a sand dam under drained conditions, whereas under undrained conditions anti-plane shaking causes stronger spreading of the dam. The dynamic behaviour of a breakwater founded on rockfill and soft clay during the 1995 Kobe earthquake is back-calculated to show the good performance of the proposed numerical model also with a structure. Section 9 deals with buildings on mattresses of densified cohesionless soils or fine-grained soils with granular columns, slopes with ‘hidden’ dams and structures on piles traversing clayey slopes to show the suitability of hypoplasticity-based models for the earthquake-resistant design and safety assessment of geotechnical systems. 相似文献
76.
Introduction Sichuan-Yunnan region is a major area with frequent strong earthquakes in Chinese mainland, especially the middle-southern segment of South-North Seismic Zone, where many strong earth-quakes occurred in history. In the past 30 years, Sichuan-Yunnan region has two seismically active periods: one is from Tonghai earthquake in 1970 to Longling-Songpan earthquake in 1976, the other is from Lancang earthquake in 1988 to now. During this two periods, the M=7.7 Tonghai, M=7.1 Dagua… 相似文献
77.
Based on Biot's wave equation, dynamic response of a circular tunnel with partially sealed liner in viscoelastic saturated soil is investigated. By introducing two scalar potential functions, the analytical solutions of stresses, displacements and pore pressure induced by axisymmetric gradually applied step load are derived in Laplace transform domain. Numerical results are obtained by inverting Laplace transform presented by Durbin and used to analyze the influences of partial permeable property of boundary and viscoelastic damping coefficient of soil on dynamic response of the tunnel. It is shown that the attenuation of radial displacement appeared with the increase of viscoelastic damping coefficient of soil, and relative rigidity of liner and soil, and the influence of partial sealing property of boundary on stresses, displacements and pore pressure is remarkable. The available solutions of permeable and impermeable boundary conditions are only two extreme cases of this paper. 相似文献
78.
重庆城区浓雾的基本特征 总被引:13,自引:5,他引:13
统计分析沙坪坝1951~2002年间发生的浓雾事件,结合2001年12月重庆市雾的外场试验资料,探索重庆市主城区浓雾的基本特征。重庆主城区浓雾随年代演变有减缓趋势;主城区浓雾是自然雾与烟尘等的混合物,河谷及城市效应使雾更浓;城市中出现浓雾的大气边界层特征是在近地面层有逆温及增湿降温现象;高浓度气溶胶的净辐射效应阻碍白天混合层发展,使大气边界层趋于稳定,它是重庆连续几天有雾的原因之一;浓雾具有一定的湿沉降作用,能有限地清洁空气;有浓雾的天气条件下,建议降低污染物的排放总量,以避免严重大气污染事件发生。 相似文献
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