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911.
多源同名线要素数据局部细节差异较大,但整体形态基本上是一致的,化简算法可以删除线要素的局部细节,提取其主要形态,从而有助于匹配算法提升匹配正确率。不同化简算法的化简效果存在差异,提升匹配正确率的效果也存在差异。本文提出了利用线要素匹配来评估化简算法性能的方法。首先,阐述了动态化简带动动态匹配的方法和过程;其次,采用3种不同的化简算法进行试验,验证了所提方法提高已有匹配算法匹配正确率的有效性,以及对化简算法的普遍适用性;最后,根据加入3种化简算法的不同匹配结果,从匹配的角度对化简算法适用性进行了比较评估。 相似文献
912.
913.
介绍了DEM的NSDTF-DEM格式及Arc GIS明码Grid格式,后者的DEM格式应用更广泛并支持更多的GIS软件对其进行读取及处理,故本文通过自编程序实现了前者到后者的转换。 相似文献
914.
In Australia, Coal Seam Gas (CSG) is a relatively new source of natural gas commonly advocated as a lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions alternative to coal. This study investigates how GHG emissions have been, and potentially could be, assessed within the Australian CSG industry. The research involved a document analysis of several Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) and consultant reports prepared as part of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process for major CSG projects in New South Wales (NSW) and Queensland (Qld). There were found to be inconsistencies in the conduct of greenhouse assessment by the CSG industry, including how complete and transparent assessments were, as well as how effectively they addressed project emission intensity and cumulative impacts. There were also found to be large inconsistencies between assessments carried out for Qld projects and those for NSW projects, likely because of differences in how assessment requirements are applied by planning bodies. This study also highlights how alternative assessment approaches, such as Cumulative Impact Assessment (CIA) and Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), have potential to enable a broader and more consistent understanding of emission sources that cross a range of geographical and project boundaries. 相似文献
915.
A large amount of deep oil has been discovered in the Tazhong Uplift, Tarim Basin whereas the oil source is still controversial. An integrated geochemical approach was utilized to unravel the characteristics, origin and alteration of the deep oils. This study showed that the Lower Cambrian oil from well ZS1C (1x) was featured by small or trace amounts of biomarkers, unusually high concentration of dibenzothiophenes (DBTs), high δ34S of DBTs and high δ13C value of n-alkanes. These suggest a close genetic relationship with the Cambrian source rocks and TSR alteration. On the contrary, the Middle Cambrian oils from well ZS1 (2a) were characterized by low δ13C of n-alkanes and relatively high δ34S of individual sulfur compounds and a general “V” shape of steranes, indicating a good genetic affinity with the Middle–Upper Ordovician source rocks. The middle Cambrian salt rock separating the oils was suggested to be one of the factors responsible for the differentiation. It was suggested that most of the deep oils in the Tazhong Uplift were mixed source based on biomarkers and carbon isotope, which contain TSR altered oil in varied degree. The percentage of the oils contributed by the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician was in the range of 19–100% (average 57%) controlled by several geological and geochemical events. Significant variations in the δ34S values for individual compounds in the oils were observed suggesting a combination of different extent of TSR and thermal maturation alterations. The unusually high DBTs concentrations in the Tazhong-4 oilfield suggested as a result of mixing with the ZS1C oil (1x) and Lower Ordovician oils based on δ34S values of DBT. This study will enhance our understanding of both deep and shallow oil sources in the Tazhong Uplift and clarify the formation mechanisms of the unusually high DBTs oils in the region. 相似文献
916.
2000—2016年中国再分析辐射资料与观测值对比 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
大气再分析辐射资料克服了传统的地面观测资料缺乏和台站分布不均的缺点,以及卫星遥感反演算法的适用性和传感器精度等问题,采用不同的模型对太阳辐射状况进行动态模拟,并结合实际观测数据对模型进行校正,建立了长时间序列和不同分辨率的数据产品。尽管目前再分析辐射产品评估已经有较多的研究,但是针对我国长时间序列太阳辐射变化的不同再分析辐射资料间的精度对比评估较少,尤其缺乏不同再分析辐射资料空间差异性研究。选取2000—2016年NCEP/DOE、ERA-Interim、GLDASV2.1三种不同空间分辨率的再分析辐射资料,通过对比三种资料与我国辐射观测数据的差异,对三种再分析辐射资料在空间分布和时间序列的适用性进行详细的精确度评估。结果表明,从年资料对比来看,2000—2016年中国区域NCEP辐射资料显著高于其他三种资料,与观测值平均偏差约为1 342.2 MJ/(m2a),东部地区高估现象严重。ERA辐射资料平均偏差为681.8 MJ/(m2a),中国西部、华北及华中地区高估严重。GLDAS辐射资料平均偏差最小为130.2 MJ/(m2a)。从月资料对比来看,三种再分析数据在夏秋季月份的精度比冬春季月份要高。冬半年,三种再分析资料在海拔>1 000 m的东北大兴安岭、西北和云南等地相对误差低于海拔 < 1 000 m的华北、华中、华东、西南和华南地区;但夏半年这种分布现象不明显。 相似文献
917.
利用最新的深度学习算法,即卷积长短期记忆(Convolution Long-Short Term Memory)神经网络,构建基于深度学习的人工智能短临预报系统,以广州地区2019年3-5月雷达观测的数据为输入进行训练,然后进行短期1h内的降水预报。利用常用的统计评分指标(探测率POD、误报率FAR、临界成功指数CSI,相关系数CC)检验模型。结果表明,预报结果与实际观测的相关系数在1h内预报均保持在0.6以上,在1h内预报探测率均保持在80%以上,临界成功指数在降水强度为10mm·h^-1时,基本保持在60%,误报率均小于40%。 相似文献
918.
为了研究地震与气候异常的关系,从地震活动的角度对2011年发生在我国的4次成灾性气候异常进行了分析.结果表明,2011年长江中游春、夏季大旱的直接原因是3月24日发生在缅甸的7.2级地震;长江中下游6月上旬出现旱涝急转则与3月11日日本东部的9.0级地震及缅甸地震密不可分;鄂赣交界发生的4.6级地震对黄河中游秋汛的影响最为明显,这是“震侧强涡”造成的结果;2012年1月贵州冻雨较多也是受到印度锡金和我国东海两个地震形成的“拍涡”影响,这表明地震活动是影响天气、气候变化的可能原因之一. 相似文献
919.
The Adaptation Fund, established under the Kyoto Protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), has now been approving funding for adaptation projects for more than two years. Given its particular institutional status and specific focus on concrete adaptation, it is particularly relevant to study the initial experiences of it for any future upscaling of international adaptation finance, despite the fact that its own resources are getting scarce. Alternative rationales for allocating funds, based on equity and efficiency concerns at both international and subnational levels, are here tested against the criteria and priorities of the Fund and decisions made on project approval. It is concluded that equity concerns appear to be the primary motivation and that allocation is de facto made between states rather than by considering inequity between subnational communities. However, the currency of vulnerability for determining equitable outcomes in allocation decisions has not been formalized, despite its central importance to the Fund. Instead, uniform national caps have been introduced. Such an equality approach can be considered inequitable. Finally, it is noted that although the Adaptation Fund Board has continuously developed its proposal review practices and adopted a learning-by-doing approach, it should provide both a further specification of the evaluation criteria and a compilation of best practices from approved proposals, and moreover enhance the transparency of the review process, all of which would clarify its core priorities for current and future project proponents. 相似文献
920.