Depth dependency of stress ratios during the sedimentation of NW Gyeongsang Basin (Cretaceous), southeast Korea: Estimate of stress parameters and timing of tectonic episodes     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2013

The natural stress state in the lithosphere consists of the vertical load and Poisson ratio, and then additional horizontal compression and extension (denoted by Δσ_H and Δσ_T, respectively) are assumed to be superimposed upon this gravitational stress field. The resulting stress state is composed of the maximum, medium and minimum stresses denoted by σ₁, σ₂, and σ₃, respectively. The stress ratio is given as Φ = (σ₂ − σ₃)/(σ₁ − σ₃). A linear relation is found between Φ or 1/Φ and the vertical load in wrench-faulting and extensional stress regimes, respectively. The slope and intercept of the linear relation result in the additional horizontal stresses and level of (average) paleo-surface, respectively. Stress ratio is also determinable by the stress tensor inversion of fault-slip data. The earliest tectonic event (T_1 Event) in the Cretaceous Gyeongsang Basin consists of coexisting E–W compression and N–S extensional faulting episodes. Plots of Φ or 1/Φ against the burial depth (or vertical load) display several linear trends: two clusters in extensional episodes, and two or three clusters in wrench-faulting episodes. Because Δσ_H is assumed to be null or negligible in the extensional regime, Δσ_T is determinable from the slopes of two linear clusters as being −2.5 to −4.0 MPa. In wrench-faulting episodes, the values of Δσ_H are given to be 61.6–101.4 MPa by applying determined additional horizontal extensions. Determined levels of average paleo-surfaces and those of syndepostional structures illustrate that more than five wrench-faulting or extensional episodes have occurred during the T_1 Event, whose active age, consequently, ranges from the Barremian to the Coniacian. This supports that the coexisting coaxial faulting episodes with the same extension may correspond to the alternation of wrench-faulting and extensional episodes.  相似文献   

Nonlinear elastic behavior of fiber-reinforced soil under cyclic loading   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

J. Li  D. W. Ding 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(9-12):977-983

Experimental investigations and modeling of nonlinear elasticity of fiber-reinforced soil under cyclic loading at small strain are conducted in this paper. The investigations include three aspects. First, cyclic shear tests are conducted using conventional triaxial apparatus. Twenty-seven specimens with three different fiber contents are employed to conduct triaxial cyclic shear tests under different confining pressure and loading repetition. Effects of geofiber, confining pressure and loading repetition on elastic shear modulus of reinforced soil are studied and analyzed. Second, a hyperbolic function is introduced to describe the nonlinear stress–strain skeletal curve under cyclic loading. Nonlinear elastic modulus is expressed as a function of shear strain and two variables A and B that are related to the initial tangential modulus and ultimate cyclic loading stress, respectively. In the present paper, variables A and B both are further assumed to be functions of geofiber content, confining pressure and loading repetition. Finally, eight constitutive coefficients of the nonlinear elastic model are calibrated using stress–strain curves from cyclic triaxial shear tests. The calibration of parameters is conducted using the technique of the linear regression for multiple variables. Impacts and effects of geofiber, confining pressure and loading repetitions on soil nonlinear elastic behavior are discussed.  相似文献   

高温高压实验弹性波速研究及其地球动力学意义   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

马麦宁  白武明 《地球物理学进展》1999,14(1):40-55

本文在收集，整理国内外有关高温高压实验岩石，矿物弹性波速研究资料的基础上，对高温高压实验弹性波速研究的目的，内容进行了概述，并对国内外这一领域研究的历史，现状及有关实验技术方法进行了综述，其中重点介绍了我国在高温高压岩石波速研究方面的进展及所取得的成就，并对高温高压弹性波速研究的地球动力学意义进行了讨论。  相似文献   

汾渭地震带强震震源参数的确定     

彭美煊  彭浩 《高原地震》2000,12(1):9-15

目的是计算汾渭地震强震的震源参数。所用的方法是根据断裂力学的有关公式分析断裂扩展过程中应力和位移的变化,计算结果表明地震多数是在低初始应用作用下发生的（大约１００×１０＾５Ｐａ）,而且该方法在原理上是可行的。  相似文献   

Love Numbers And Elastic Energy Of Deformation For Venus     

Xia  Y.F.  Xiao  N.Y. 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2000,88(2):75-87

Love numbers of second order of Venus are calculated with resolving fundamental differential equations of elastic body according to the parameters of the density and the elasticity of material by means of the PVM94-01 Venus model. Meanwhile, the elastic energy of deformation of second order due to the tidal perturbation of the Sun and that due to rotational centrifugal potential are also calculated. The values of Love number provide a basis for model of internal structure of Venus. The numerical calculation of the elastic energy of deformation gives a magnitude evaluation of the perturbation terms to the Hamiltonian expressions in the study of dynamics of the elastic Venus. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Large-time response of ice cover to a load moving along a frozen channel     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

Unsteady response of an ice cover in a channel with vertical walls is studied for large times. The ice deflection is caused by a load moving along the frozen channel at a constant speed. The ice cover is modelled as a thin elastic plate clamped to the walls of the channel. The time-dependent problem is solved by using the Fourier transform along the channel and the method of separating variables. In the system moving along the channel together with the load, the large-time deflection of the ice cover consists of steady deflection and standing waves in front and behind the load. The number of waves, their frequencies and wavenumbers depend on the speed of the load and the values of the critical speeds for the channel. The number of the waves and their amplitudes are calculated for a given load and its speed. The maximum stress in the ice as a function of the load speed is estimated.  相似文献   

PS测井在机场隧道地基勘查中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

范伟顺 《山东国土资源》2018,34(1)

PS测井技术是地震勘探方法之一,也是一种简便、快速、准确的原位测试技术。该文介绍了单孔法PS测井的原理及其在铁路工程勘察中的应用,主要包括根据等效剪切波,进行建筑抗震场地类别划分,铁路工程抗震场地类别划分。根据岩土动力学参数,达到评价岩体质量和划分围岩类别目的,利用剪切波速法估算岩土的承载力基本值。通过青岛机场隧道场地的工程实例说明了PS测井技术在岩土工程勘察设计中的应用情况及应用效果。  相似文献   

Effective medium modeling to assess gas hydrate and free-gas evident from the velocity structure in the Makran accretionary prism, offshore Pakistan     

Ranjana Ghosh  Kalachand Sain 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2008,29(4):267-274

Seismic properties of sediments are strongly influenced by pore fluids. Stiffness of unconsolidated marine sediment increases with the presence of gas hydrate and decreases with the presence of gas. A strong bottom-simulating reflector (BSR) observed on a seismic profile in the Makran accretionary prism, offshore Pakistan, indicates the presence of gas hydrate and free-gas across the BSR. Elastic properties of gas depend largely on pressure and temperature. We, therefore, first determine the elastic modulus of gas at pressure and temperature calculated at the BSR depth in the study region. The interval velocities derived from the seismic data are interpreted by the effective medium theory, which is a combination of self-consistent approximation and differential effective medium theories, together with a smoothing approximation, for assessment of gas hydrate and free-gas. The results show the saturations of gas hydrate and free-gas as 22 and 2.4% of pore space, respectively, across the BSR.  相似文献   

双铰四次弹性拱的混沌行为研究     

叶法林  陈秀丽  刘启宽 《成都信息工程学院学报》2008,23(6):682-686

对双铰四次弹性拱的混沌行为在横向周期荷载下的混沌行为进行了研究。首先利用拱的单元平衡方程建立了拱的二阶三次非线性动力学模型;然后通过变换使方程转化为不含常数项的非线性微分动力系统,并由此得到无扰动系统的3个不动点（一个鞍点,两个中心）与同宿轨道;再用Melnikov函数法给出了发生混沌的临界条件;最后给出了该系统出现定常运动和混沌运动的数值结果。研究表明四次弹性拱在横向周期荷载作用下的外激励振幅在一定范围内会出现混沌现象。  相似文献   

On the effect of the mantle elasticity on the earth's rotation     

Juan Getino  José M. Ferrándiz 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1995,61(2):117-180

Starting from the Hamiltonian model for a solid Earth with an elastic mantle previously developped by the authors, analytical expressions are derived which give the nutation series corresponding to the plane perpendicular to the angular momentum vector, to the plane perpendicular to the rotational axis and to the equator of figure, as well as the series that give the polar motion. The effects of the different perturbations — solid Earth, centrifugal and tidal potentials — are calculated separately. The corrections due to the elasticity of the mantle, which mostly correspond to the Oppolzer terms, are calculated with an accuracy of 10^–6 arc sec., given that the intrinsic observational accuracy has reached 0.01 mas.  相似文献