利用TRMM资料对热带气旋“威马逊”结构及其降水特征的研究   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

马雷鸣  端义宏 《海洋学报》2005,27(1):36-44

利用NASA提供的热带测雨卫星(TRMM)资料和NCEP/AVN模式的实况分析场研究了热带气旋“威马逊”(2002)的演变过程、结构和降水特征.对要素场及倾斜对流有效位能诊断分析发现,降水的分布和强度对热带气旋的发展有很好的指示作用.针对MM5的几种积云参数化方案进行了数值试验,初步研究了各方案在热带气旋定量降水预报(QPF)中的作用.  相似文献   

Non-Linear Reflection Tomography   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

V. Farra  R. Madariaga 《Geophysical Journal International》1988,95(1):135-147

  相似文献   

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地大气边界层参数化方案的模拟评估   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孟露  赵天良  杨兴华  刘冲  何清  段静鑫 《气象科学》2018,38(2):157-166

沙尘起沙、沉降、传输均受到沙漠地区大气边界层条件的制约。沙漠地区观测资料匮乏,限制大气边界层模拟效果的检验和评估。利用WRFV3.7.1中尺度数值模式中5种边界层参数化方案(ACM2、BL、MYJ、MYNN2.5、YSU),模拟2014年4月塔克拉玛干沙漠大气边界层特征,并与塔中80 m塔及风廓线雷达晴朗天气下的观测资料对比分析。结果表明:5种方案均能模拟出近地面气温及地表温度,边界层高度,感热、潜热、地表热通量的变化趋势,但未能模拟出边界层风速的日变化趋势,温风湿廓线能较好的反映晴日沙漠地区边界层结构的变化特征,但未模拟出风速随高度变化趋势。沙漠地区下垫面干燥,热容量低,晴天极易形成对流不稳定边界层,非局地湍流参数化方案,ACM2方案是沙漠地区大气边界层模拟较为合理的选择。  相似文献   

宁夏两次低涡暴雨过程边界层方案的敏感性试验     

苏洋  杨侃  马珺玢  陈豫英 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2023,17(1):122-130

利用中尺度数值模式WRF选取3种边界层参数化方案（YSU、MYJ和ACM2）对2018年8月20日和2019年8月2日宁夏两次低涡暴雨过程进行敏感性试验,对比分析不同边界层参数化方案对暴雨过程模拟的影响。结果表明：YSU和MYJ方案对暴雨的预报性能均较优,ACM2方案对强降水的空报率较大;YSU方案对逐时中等强度降水的模拟效果更优。YSU方案对低涡系统的移动路径和中心强度模拟效果最好。相比ACM2方案,YSU和MYJ方案对环境场物理量和边界层内水汽混合比的模拟更接近实况,并且YSU方案能准确地反映边界层内位温分布特征。YSU与ACM2方案的湍流混合强度更强,后者维持较强湍流的时间更长。总体上,YSU方案对宁夏低涡暴雨过程的模拟效果最优。  相似文献   

The control of salt supply on entrainment of an anhydrite layer within a salt diapir     

Zurab Chemia  Hemin Koyi 《Journal of Structural Geology》2008,30(9):1192-1200

The influence of four parameters (sedimentation rate, viscosity of salt, stratigraphic location of the anhydrite layer within the salt layer, and the perturbation width) on salt supply to down-built diapirs and its entrainment capacity are studied systematically in numerical models. Model results show that these four parameters affect salt supply, and the evolution history of a salt diapir. As such, these parameters strongly influence the style and the amount of entrainment of dense inclusions into a diapir. In active diapirs (i.e. unburied diapirs), salt supply increases with increasing sedimentation rate whereas it decreases with an increase in salt viscosity. Diapirs initiating from wide perturbation provide more salt supply to feed the diapir. Presence and initial stratigraphic location of any denser layer (e.g. an anhydrite layer) within a salt layer also affects salt supply. When lateral forces are negligible, salt supply into a diapir depends on these four parameters, which directly control the entrainment of any embedded anhydrite layer into the diapir.  相似文献   

Preliminary Evaluation of a Revised Zhang-McFarlane Convection Scheme Using the NCAR CCM3 GCM     

Guang J. Zhang  Guo Mingming 《大气科学进展》2001,18(5):710-717

l. IntroductiOnThe parameterizat1on of atmospheric convection is one of the most challenging issues inglobal climate modeling. Since convection interacts strongly with clouds and the large--scalecirculation, its representation in GCMs has a tremendous impact on the slmulation of theglobal climate and its variations. For example, in the National Center for Atmospheric Re-search (NCAR) Community Climate Model Version 2 (CCM2), excessive surface 1atent heatflux in the tropics was simulate…  相似文献   

边界层参数化和湿过程对切变线低涡发展影响的中尺度模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程麟生  郭英华 《大气科学》1992,16(2):136-146

1981年8月14至22日,在青藏高原东侧陕、甘、川毗邻区,出现了一次持续暴雨过程.对其主过程的涡度诊断表明,切变线低涡初生於青藏高原东侧低空,其后,不仅出现了高、低空涡度中心的叠加和耦合过程,而且在行星边界层(PBL)内发生了迅速加强过程.这种过程与切变低涡的持续发展相伴. 一系列48和72小时中尺度数值模拟结果揭示:只有高分辨PBL参数化的湿物理过程,才能较好地模拟出切变低涡在PBL内的突然加强及其涡度演变和垂直结构;而总体PBL参数化,虽然其涡度演变和垂直结构也能基本模拟出来,但不能模拟出切变线低涡在PBL内的迅速加强;总体PBL参数化干过程的模拟结果指出,该方案较前两种湿过程方案均差,特别是被模拟系统的强度明显减弱,位置偏离. 模拟与诊断和观测之间的比较揭示,尽可能仔细地改进PBL参数化和湿物理过程,才有可能改进对这类中尺度系统发生和发展的模拟.  相似文献   

一个适合青藏高原地区的修改了的郭型积云参数化方案   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4  

陈伯民  钱正安 《高原气象》1992,11(1):1-11

本文利用复杂地形条件下的有限区域模式和1979年6－7月的FGGEⅢb级资料，首先检验的原修改了的郭型积云参数化方案（下称原方案）在青藏高原地区的预报效果。然后根据其存在的问题，结合该地区积云活动的特点，应用修改了的Kirshnamurti多元回归方法，考虑中尺度水汽辐合，由该地区的散度、层结稳定度拟合了增湿系数b和中尺度水汽辐合参数η（下称新方案）。最后用新方案作了9例24小时预报和诊断分析。结果表明：原方案在高原地区的降水预报明显偏大；而新方案改进了高原和我国东部地区的降水及形势场的预报。同时，高原地区的增湿系数b和对流加热、增湿垂直廓线也更为合理。  相似文献   

Entrainment of circumpolar water in the Indian Ocean region of the Antarctic   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G. S. Sharma  Benny N. Peter 《Journal of Earth System Science》1990,99(3):425-438

The net influx of the circumpolar water on the western (approximately along 10°E) and eastern (approximately 115°E) boundaries of the Indian Ocean, adopting the method of Montgomery and Stroup is computed on bivariate distribution of potential thermosteric anomaly and salinity to identify the characteristics of the flux. The zonal flux at both the boundaries indicates an alternate strong easterly and westerly flow between 36°S and 45°S, south of which the flow is mainly easterly but weak up to 56°S. At the western boundary the easterly flow is 146 Sv and westerly is 98.07 Sv, while at the eastern boundary (115°E) the corresponding fluxes are 123.46 Sv and 27.20 Sv respectively, indicating a net outflux of 48.33 Sv. This water should have been accounted by the melting of ice and influx of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean Water.  相似文献   

Review of Development and Application of High Resolution Global Climate System Model   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Luan Yihua  Yu Yongqiang  Zheng Weipeng 《地球科学进展》2016,31(3):258-268

Climate models have been used as an important tool to quantitatively study climate variability and to predict or project climate change in the future. One of the most important pathways for development and improvement of climate system model is to increase the spatial resolution and improve the corresponding physical parameterization schemes, which is very important for understanding climate change and improving climate prediction skill. Based on a brief introduction of the importance of developing high-resolution global climate system model, a review of recent progresses in the development and application of high-resolution models was summarized. The paper also introduced the current situation and problems for the development and evaluation of high-resolution models and focused on the key scientific and technical bottlenecks which restrict the development of high-resolution models, including the development of dynamic framework of the high-resolution ocean and atmospheric models and massive high performance parallel computing, the improvement of the sub-grid physical parameterization scheme, and mesoscale air-sea interaction. Meanwhile, the scientific objects and experiments design of the international high resolution climate model intercomparison project (HiResMIP) of the coupled model intercomparison project phase 6 (CMIP6) was introduced. Finally, we prospect the future developments and evaluations of high-resolution climate models in China was proposed.  相似文献