颗粒流沉积边程中的同沉积冲刷变形构造     

王新征 《地球科学与环境学报》2004,26(3):13-16

济阳拗陷坨147井沙三段岩心的颗粒流沉积中．存在一系列特殊的同沉积期变形构造。包括：颗粒流向下侵蚀。并沿纹层面挤入到下伏油页岩层中．形成伸长状的小砂体；砂楔上部的泥页岩薄层在后续流体的冲刷下向后翻卷变形；翻卷片被撕裂、断开混入到颗粒流中。并被流体拖曳变形；变形体被继续拖曳形成脉状分叉的拖曳痕。上述几种现象可以构成一个连续的变化序列，与油页岩的薄互层和颗粒流的流体是形成上述连续变形构造的重要条件。对这种现象的研究．有助于进一步了解重力流的冲刷、沉积过程。  相似文献   

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孟国杰  申旭辉  伍吉仓  任金卫 《大地测量与地球动力学》2007,27(1):19-23

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Dehydration-related deformation during regional metamorphism, NW Sardinia, Italy     

G. D. H. SIMPSON 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1998,16(3):457-472

The relationship between deformation and dehydration has been investigated in Hercynian regionally metamorphosed rocks exposed on NW Sardinia. Two episodes of prograde mineral growth (M₁ & M₂) involving dehydration are recognized: growth of chlorite/phengite porphyroblasts at anchizone metamorphic conditions, contemporaneous with the first phase of deformation, D₁, and growth of biotite from chlorite and phengite coincident with the second phase of deformation, D₂. Deformation during both episodes of dehydration is characterized by penetrative axial planar foliations defined by well-developed phyllosilicate preferred orientations quantified by XRD textural goniometry, tight to isoclinal similar folds (interlimb angles <40°), and mineral-filled veins (hydrofractures) orientated parallel to axial planar foliations, that formed contemporaneously with the development of the penetrative foliations. No prograde mineral growth occurred during D₂ at chlorite-zone conditions. D₂ deformation in the absence of dehydration is characterized by non-penetrative crenulation cleavages, poorly developed phyllosilicate preferred orientations, relatively open (interlimb angles >40°), low-strain similar folds and minor brittle deformation. Systematic variations in macrofold interlimb angles, with respect to the timing of mineral growth, indicate that enhanced shortening (c. 80%) occurred during dehydration. Microfabrics show that the onset of dehydration is associated with the transition from a crenulation cleavage to a penetrative foliation. The presence of axial planar hydrofractures that formed coevally with dehydration and fabric development requires that supralithostatic fluid pressures and low differential stresses (<c. 20 MPa) accompanied dehydration. These features demonstrate a connection between the timing of dehydration and the style of deformation.  相似文献   

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施一民 《大地测量与地球动力学》2007,27(1):65-68

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新型城镇化的人地耦合异速增长分析方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

洪建智  郭碧云  付迎春  聂欢 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(5):1049-1062

在新型城镇化背景下的城市人口规模与用地面积变化具有复杂性,研究两种要素城镇化水平的相对增长关系,有助于探索人地耦合发展的协同态势及变化动因。本文选取广州市2000—2015年的Landsat时序影像与2000、2010和2015年的人口普查与年鉴数据,在街道（乡镇）尺度上计算人口土地城镇化耦合指数识别4种耦合类型,并在此基础上提出年均增长率异速关系拟合方法。研究结果表明：① 2000—2015年广州市街道（乡镇）人口和土地城镇化呈现明显的圈层结构（核心、内、外圈层）特征,4种人地耦合类型的异速增长分别呈现正异速、负异速、负幂律3种形式,证明人地耦合分类的异速增长建模方法有助于分析人地城镇化的动态演化过程;② 基于人地耦合指数的异速标度分析表明,核心圈层—内圈层—外圈层结构上分别形成了高度集约—集约—相对粗放式扩张的发展格局,结合城市更新改造的空间分析,说明这一特色新型城镇化模式在广州具有一定成效,已初步形成了核心圈层与内圈层协同发展的态势,但需要注意防控外圈层的粗放型增长。研究结果可为新型城镇化理论内涵的认知探索和广州市案例的实证研究提供支持。  相似文献   

Prerift and synrift sedimentation during early fault segmentation of a Tertiary carbonate platform, Indonesia     

Moyra E. J. Wilson   《Marine and Petroleum Geology》1999,16(8):262

Eocene carbonate deposits of the Barru area, Sulawesi, Indonesia, provide a rare insight into sedimentation prior to and during propagation of normal faults to the surface. Three main successions; late prerift, latest prerift/earliest synrift and synrift, are characterised by distinctive facies associations and sequence development. Shallow water foraminiferal shoals and intervening lower energy depositional environments occurred during the late prerift in areas which latter formed footwall highs and hangingwall depocentres, respectively. During the latest prerift/earliest synrift, shallow water shelves deepened laterally into slope environments in developing hangingwall depocentres. In both these sequences, sections in developing hangingwall areas are thickest, deepen up-section and thin laterally towards growing footwall highs. Active faulting resulted in rapid drowning of hangingwall depocentres and massive reworking of material derived from collapse of the platform margin and adjacent shallow water/emergent footwall highs.Differential subsidence, controlling water depths and accommodation space, types of carbonate producers and active faulting were the main factors affecting depositional environments and facies distributions. Carbonate producers are extremely sensitive indicators of depositional water depth and energy, hence rapid lateral and vertical facies variations in the Barru area provide quantifiable insight into environmental changes prior to and during active faulting.  相似文献   

大姚、民乐-山丹地震前的中短期前兆   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

张希  薛富平  王双绪 《大地测量与地球动力学》2004,24(4):57-63

利用川滇及青藏块体北缘地区上世纪80年代至2003年的跨断层流动形变观测资料，借助应变强度比时序曲线，通过丽江Ms7．0、景泰Ms5．9等震例研究，获取与2003年7月大姚Ms6．2、Ms6．1地震和10月民乐-山丹Ms6．1地震孕育有关的中短期前兆异常。分析表明：①大姚、民乐-山丹地震前1年内异常场地数远超过场地总数的1／3，相对近源区异常在发震地区占一半；②大姚Ms6．2地震前半年内，盐源-丽江地块及其邻近区域以及北东向延伸的川滇交界地区异常明显增多，相对集中。2003年7～9月大幅减弱；而鲜水河断裂、楚雄-通海断裂南段有所增强；③民乐-山丹震前十余天至数月内相对近源区及其邻近构造区域呈现异常相对分散-相对集中且局部增强-一临震前减弱的时空演变特征。震后一个月内青藏块体北缘地区仍有近1／3的场地呈现异常(海原一六盘山断裂带尤为突出)。  相似文献   

地下水位对定点形变观测干扰的抽水实验   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

陈鹏  李正媛  刘妙龙  董洪军  陈嵩 《大地测量与地球动力学》2004,24(3):79-83

抽水所造成的地下水位的变化会即时在局部范围内造成地表的形变，干扰定点地壳形变观测。在蓟县地震台进行的抽水实验表明：这种干扰的幅度与抽水水井到形变监测仪器的距离有关，也和抽水水井水位的最大降深有关。根据实验数据得到了抽水对定点形变观测的影响范围的经验公式。  相似文献   

济南地区地下水位观测井固体潮对比研究          下载免费PDF全文

苏道磊  董晓娜  王晓军  刘晨 《山东国土资源》2007,23(4):7-10

收集了济南地区3口地下水位观测井的水位观测数据,分析了水位资料的变化规律与差异,重点针对观测井的固体潮效应,采用维尼迪科夫调和分析法求解出各井孔固体潮效应参数值。对比分析了M2波月序列潮汐因子、相对误差的大小,对井孔的内在质量进行了对比分析及客观评价。  相似文献   

廊固凹陷近岸水下扇特征及控制因素   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

宋荣彩  张哨楠  董树义  周文 《地球科学与环境学报》2007,29(2):145-148,157

通过对廊固凹陷18口井541 m岩心的系统观察、156口井测井序列的建立、1km×1 km三维地震测网密度的地震相识别,分析了该沉积体系的相带展布特征。该砂砾岩层总体趋势为向上厚度减薄、层数减少,共识别出5期扇体,多呈条带状沿大兴断层断面分布,每期之间发育稳定的暗色泥岩段。该近岸水下扇的形成受3级层序、大兴断层、古构造、古气候、古地形以及物源供给等多种因素的控制。3级层序的发育特点、大兴断层的分段活动以及特殊的物源供给背景因素的匹配对近岸水下扇形成起到决定性作用。2~3期扇体扇中分布范围广,储集条件好,是凹陷下一步开发工作的有利目标。  相似文献