The adoption of the law of the sea convention: Prospects for seabed mining     

Tullio Treves 《Marine Policy》1983,7(1):3-13

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深海底生物多样性与基因资源管理问题     

金建才 《地球科学进展》2005,20(1):11-018

20世纪海洋科学重大成果之一是伴随着深海科学研究、技术发展及海底矿产资源的勘查进程，发现并明确了深海底极端环境下的生物多样性。深海底生物多样性和基因资源管理问题已引起国际社会的广泛关注，也促使国际海底管理局①对正在制定的多金属硫化物和富钴结壳勘探规章提出更为严格的环境监测和评价的要求。介绍了深海底环 境及人类可能影响这一环境的有关活动；现有国际法律的适用性和国际社会正在采取的措施；我国应对的有关政策与措施。  相似文献   

房地统一登记的数据组织与存储模型研究     

刘瑜  唐健  李智 《地理空间信息》2008,6(2):87-90

从物权法出发,分析了房地统一登记的实体对象,建立了实体对象之间逻辑关系模型。由逻辑关系模型导出房地统一登记的数据关系模型,并将该关系模型与现有的房屋和土地登记关系模型进行了比较。结果表明:房地统一登记数据关系模型既与现有的登记数据关系模型保持着紧密的联系,又满足了房地统一登记的要求。文中最后讨论了房地统一登记数据的存储模式,即采用水平分片技术将变更实行逻辑存放,可有效提高数据的存储和访问效率。  相似文献   

Henry Darcy (1803–1858): Immortalised by his scientific legacy     

Craig T. Simmons 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(6):1023-1038

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Cooperation and compliance control in areas beyond national jurisdiction     

《Marine Policy》2014

Past decades have shown a constant increase in the number of international agreements regulating marine areas. Environmental changes as well as technological developments resulting in an increased use of oceans ensure the need for further governance in the future of high seas. At the same time, compliance by States with international obligations remains a considerable challenge in international law. In particular, regulations governing areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) are at risk of not being obeyed due to factual challenges posed to the control of high seas territories and the (legal) limits of the law of the sea. This article evaluates a stronger cooperation between States through the incorporation of compliance control systems in agreements regulating ABNJ in order to enhance compliance by States. For this purpose, provisions on compliance control measures which have already been established in two agreements regulating ABNJ, namely the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling and the United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement, are analyzed. It is argued that the incorporation of compliance control elements into agreements regulating ABNJ is a promising avenue to secure improved compliance among States Parties and further implementation of this approach is recommended.  相似文献   

岩浆成矿系统的尺度效应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

罗照华  苏尚国  刘翠 《地球科学与环境学报》2014,(1):1-9

小岩体成大矿理论强调了岩浆侵入体的几何尺度与内生金属成矿作用的有机联系,但这种联系的实质尚理解甚少。简要分析了岩浆成矿系统的基本问题,聚焦于侵入体几何尺度与几种关键控矿因素的内在联系。利用前人提出的固相线前锋迁移距离与冷却时间之间的函数关系估算了岩浆侵入体固结的时间尺度,发现小岩体的存活时间尺度与超大型矿床的形成时间尺度一致。基于斯托克定律的估算,含有暗色微粒包体的小岩体以岩浆快速上升为特征,符合流体中成矿金属溶解度与压力(P)、温度(T)正相关的实验结果。分析了岩浆产量与源区减压速率和所产生岩浆中挥发分含量之间的关系,提出大规模岩浆活动之后岩浆产量必然逐渐减少,因而流体-熔体比值逐渐增加。据此认为,超大型矿床可形成于紧接着大规模岩浆活动之后,并以长英质岩浆成矿系统为例将其称为岩基后成矿作用。因此,岩浆成矿系统的尺度效应是一种重要的地质效应,尺度效应分析支持小岩体成大矿理论。  相似文献   

Australian practice in respect of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles     

《Marine Policy》2015

Australia׳s remote location and position on the vast Indo-Australian plate mean that possesses one of the largest continental shelf areas in the world. The criteria in Article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea permit the claiming on continental shelf to 200 nautical miles from territorial sea baselines, and if certain criteria are met based on the configuration and content of the seabed, to distances beyond. During the negotiations at UNCLOS III, Australia was a strong proponent of this extended shelf regime, as it was likely to have large areas beyond 200 nautical miles. Article 76 provides for a number of requirements to be met for a coastal State to assert sovereign rights over areas of continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles, including a ten year deadline from becoming a party. This placed a disproportionate burden upon Australia, as it faced the same ten year time frame to lodge data with the Commission on the Limits on the Continental Shelf (CLCS) as other States with much smaller areas in issue. Australia also chose not to rely upon measures agreed between State parties to effectively extend this deadline, and to limit the requirements to be met within it. This paper looks at how Australian authorities approached the difficult task, while maintaining the standards required for data by the CLCS, and how the task was ultimately implemented. It also examines how the extended continental shelf arrangements interacted with the rest of Australia׳s law of the sea practice and maritime boundaries with other States. For example, after the entry into force of the Convention, Australia negotiated two maritime boundaries with neighbouring States that each explicitly dealt with areas beyond 200 nautical miles. It concludes with consideration of what issues remain unresolved in respect of the Australian continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles. The paper will conclude at how Australia׳s implementation has raised new issues with neighbouring States, including an unresolved dispute in the South Pacific Ocean.  相似文献   

新时代法治渔村建设的挑战与出路          下载免费PDF全文

曲亚囡  白冰 《海洋开发与管理》2022,39(11):106-113

渔村治理现代化作为实现乡村振兴战略的重要组成部分,因其自身固有的发展特征,亟须进行法治化改革。这既是对全面依法治国方略在渔村治理的落实,也同新时代乡村治理体系的基本逻辑相符合。因此,新时代法治渔村建设需要中国特色社会主义法治价值的指引,法治价值同时为推进新时代渔村治理法治化,为渔村的政治、经济、社会发展以及生态文明建设等提供了重要的思想基础。法治价值的适用同样对于促进渔村渔业的高质量发展和改善传统渔村经济落后的局面具有重要意义,有必要在中国特色社会主义法治价值的指引下,找到新时代渔村良法善治的有效路径。  相似文献   

中国城市规模分布的形态和演化与城市增长模式——基于Zipf定律与Gibrat定律的分析     

孙斌栋  王言言  张志强  李琬 《地理科学进展》2022,41(3):361-370

鉴于以往研究较少关注城市规模分布形态的规模差异性和城市规模分布演化与城市增长模式之间的关联,论文基于1953—2010年中国6次人口普查数据,选择了全部城市(包含地级市市区和县级市)和地级市(地级市市区)2种样本组,对中国城市位序规模分布的形态特征、演变趋势及其与Gibrat定律间的关系进行了实证分析。结果显示,中国的城市规模分布主体符合Zipf定律的线性分布,但两端即小城市和超大城市因规模不足而偏离线性分布,这一现象也得到全球各国证据的支持;从演化角度来看,中国城市规模分布在早期逐渐分散化并偏离Zipf定律,但从2000年开始转而向符合Zipf定律的方向回归,其中大城市率先在1990年就开始了转向,与这一阶段城市人口随机增长表现出耦合性,从而验证了Zipf定律和Gibrat定律的逻辑一致性。该发现对于促进中国城市规模分布高质量发展具有重要启示。  相似文献   

广域土地卫片执法检查系统的设计与实现          下载免费PDF全文

吴建廷  杨仕勇  史鼎文 《山东国土资源》2017,33(12)

采用先进的技术和创新的模式,设计了土地卫片执法检查系统。在了解卫片执法检查现状的基础上,结合卫片执法检查工作的新形势、新政策,介绍了系统的关键技术,提出了系统的卫片执法业务逻辑设计,对系统的管理、填报、展示、统计、汇总、调查、取证等主要功能及组成进行了设计与实现,创新了图斑精细划分、智能比对分析和快速主动核查的卫片执法检查模式,提升了卫片执法检查工作的效率和核查精度。  相似文献