地基GPS低高度角观测反演大气折射率廓线的模拟仿真   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

伍亦亦  洪振杰  郭鹏  郑杰 《地球物理学报》2010,53(5):1085-1090

用价值函数的最优估计方法,发展了地基GPS弯曲角和相位观测联合反演大气折射率廓线的算法. 在价值函数中提出了一个比较合理的权系统;通过四参数形式的折射率模型,采用变分同化技术,反演出大气折射率廓线. 模拟结果显示,地基GPS观测反演得到的低层大气折射率廓线与真值吻合较好,并可以应用到大气波导的探测.  相似文献   

Localization of VLF ionospheric exit point by comparison of multipoint ground-based observation with full-wave analysis     

Mitsunori Ozaki  Satoshi Yagitani  Isamu Nagano  Yujiro Hata  Hisao Yamagishi  Natsuo Sato  Akira Kadokura 《Polar Science》2008,2(4):237-249

In order to estimate the dynamic structure of the VLF ionospheric exit point, we conducted multipoint ground-based observation of the natural VLF emissions at three unmanned sites: West Ongul (69°01′ S, 39°30′ E), Skallen (69°40′ S, 39°24′ E), and H100 (69°18′ S, 41°19′ E) around Japanese Syowa station, Antarctica, during a whole year of 2006. In this observation, we developed three sets of unmanned autonomous observation systems for natural VLF emissions. Each observation system consists of two crossed vertical loop antennas to pick-up North–South (NS) and East–West (EW) magnetic components, a multi-channel analyzer, and a data logger. The intensity and polarization of NS and EW magnetic components are obtained in 4 spaced frequency (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 6.0 kHz) channels by the multi-channel analyzer.The VLF emissions observed at the three sites exhibit an interesting difference in the wave intensity as well as the polarization that allows important information about the locations of their ionospheric exit point to be determined. Firstly, to find the distinct exit point, we have theoretically calculated the spatial distributions of the wave intensity and the polarization on the Earth for VLF whistler mode waves coming down from the magnetized ionosphere, by using the full-wave analysis. Then, we have compared the calculated results with the observed data, to evaluate the possible locations of the ionospheric exit point for the auroral hiss events.As an example, the direction of the estimated ionospheric exit point for the auroral hiss event at 31 March 2006 was found to be consistent with a bright aurora region. However, in this case, the estimated ionospheric exit point was located a few hundred kilometers equatorward of the associated aurora. This would suggest that the ray paths for the auroral hiss could be different from the directions of the geomagnetic field lines for auroral precipitation.  相似文献   

不同方位甚低频电磁波衰减的初步研究^*     

徐维东  张学民  李忠  赵庶凡  王贺生 《地震》2016,36(2):60-67

利用2005—2010年DEMETER卫星记录NWC发射站的19.8kHz电场功率谱数据,采用统计和线性拟合等方法,研究了NWC站发射的电磁波在顶部电离层及磁共轭区激发的电场效应及其在不同方位的衰减特性。结果发现:(1)在NWC发射站上空,卫星记录电场呈椭圆状扩散分布,电场最强中心点位置相对地面人工源位置有一定偏移;(2)研究区上空电场北部衰减梯度最小,东部衰减梯度最大;(3)在其磁共轭区,南部电场衰减梯度最小,北部衰减梯度最大。综合分析认为人工源(NWC)发射的VLF电磁波传播到电离层高度后,受地磁场影响,电磁波主要沿磁力线方向传播,空间电场最强中心点位置相对发射站的位置发生偏移,向磁赤道方向倾斜,而且偏于磁赤道方向的电场衰减梯度最小。  相似文献   

Hydrogeologic characterization of the abandoned mining site of Castelejo,Portugal by VLF-EM & RMT-R geophysical surveying     

《Geofísica Internacional》2014,53(2):135-151

There are about 175 abandoned mining sites in Portugal, of which about 60 are old uranium workings. The Castelejo mine is an old uranium located about 2 km W of Vila Cortês da Serra, in Guarda district, on the River Mondego basin. In geologic terms, the mine is located in medium-grained two-mica monzonitic granite, with porphyroidal tendency. Exploitation started with two open cast mines between 1979 and 1990 which produced about 132 tonnes U₃O₈. From 1992, production started to be carried out through the in situ H₂SO₄ leaching of the mine’s low-grade materials. The superficial and groundwater circulation are structurally conditioned by the intense fracturing in the area. Two exploratory geophysical field campaigns were conducted in order to characterize the fracturing. The first was a VLF survey that allowed us to identify major fault systems that may provide paths for groundwater flow. From the second campaign, which was an RMT survey conducted at a fault gauge which records the mine natural gradient flow, we obtained the resistivities and thicknesses of the weathered granite material. The profiles obtained show that resistivity declines with increasing depth. This fact may arise from natural causes – the material which fills the fault gauge is more weathered at depth than on the surface – or it may indicate contamination at depth, due to acid mine drainage.  相似文献   

复杂天气交替出现的观测编报技术应注意的问题   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陆卫华  何润洁  林国冲  赖天华 《气象研究与应用》2009,30(1):65-67

如何在短短的十几分钟观测发报时间内能把恶劣天气准确编报,并对观测编报技术提供可借鉴的经验.  相似文献   

基于人工源的甚低频电磁波空间传播特征统计分析          下载免费PDF全文

徐维东  张学民  李忠  赵庶凡  张伟 《地球物理学报》2016,59(5):1578-1584

利用2005年1月至2010年11月DEMETER卫星记录的NWC发射站的VLF电场功率谱数据,采用指数拟合的方法,分析了VLF电磁波在卫星高度激发的电场空间分布和衰减特征.研究结果表明:(1)VLF电场在发射站上空及其磁共轭区有着很强的对应关系,存在南、北2个强电场中心涡;(2)相对于发射站的位置,VLF电场中心点具有经度和纬度偏移,日侧地磁经度偏移均值大于夜侧,而地磁纬度偏移均值则小于夜侧;(3)日侧VLF电场强度呈现出周期性的年变化;(4)在VLF电场中心10°范围内,电场强度随距离快速衰减,衰减常数b在长达6年的时间内保持稳定.在以上研究结果基础上初步构建的卫星高度人工源电磁波空间分布特征,将为研究地表-电离层电磁波传播机理提供基础技术支撑.  相似文献   

Design and calibration of an acoustic telemetry system subject to upwelling events     

《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(3):355-364

The experiments described were designed to calibrate a hexagonal array of VEMCO VR2 receivers and transmitters (model V9P-6L-S256) in isothermal and stratified water columns off the south coast of South Africa. The array, configured with 500 m between receivers, was designed to study the influence of water temperature and turbidity on the spawning behaviour of chokka squid Loligo reynaudii. Range tests comprised fixing a single VR2 receiver 2 m from the seabed and placing a V9P transmitter at distances of 0 m, 75 m, 150 m, 225 m, 300 m, 375 m, 450 m and 500 m from the receiver for periods of 10 minutes at each position under isothermal conditions and in the presence of a thermocline. The data indicated a range of 300 m for the former and 75 m for the latter conditions. The field performance of the V9P transmitter in a non-stratified water column compared well with the theoretical range of 352 m calculated using software to calculate range. System saturation was investigated by repeating the range test using four, eight and 14 transmitters simultaneously. Field data indicated a significant decrease in signal detections due to signal collisions when more than eight transmitters were active simultaneously. It was demonstrated that the hexagonal configuration of VR2s is optimal during isothermal conditions but inadequate during stratified conditions when acoustic dead zones of 350 m between VR2 receivers can occur.  相似文献   

青藏高原大气水汽探测误差及其成因   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

梁宏  张人禾  刘晶淼 《气象学报》2012,70(1):155-164

青藏高原大气水汽分布对区域天气气候有很大影响,其探测资料的可靠性备受关注。以地基全球定位系统(GPS)遥感的大气可降水量为对比参照,分析了1999—2008年拉萨和2003年那曲探空观测大气可降水量的误差及其原因。结果表明,近10年拉萨站探空观测的可降水量比GPS遥感的可降水量明显偏小,偏小程度随使用不同的探空仪而异。GZZ-2型机械探空仪和GTS-1型电子探空仪多年平均的大气可降水量相对偏差分别为8.8%和4.4%,随机误差分别为19.8%和13.3%。近10年大气可降水量探测偏差具有减少的趋势,从12.7%减少至2.4%,主要是由探空仪性能改进所致。分析发现青藏高原大气可降水量探测偏差具有明显的日变化,12时(世界时)比00时大。拉萨站GZZ-2型和GTS-1型探空仪在12时多年平均的大气可降水量探测偏差分别为15.8%和8.3%,00时分别为1.6%和0.5%。那曲站GZZ-2型探空仪在12和00时的大气可降水量探测偏差分别为12.4%和0.3%。大气可降水量探测偏差还具有季节变化,夏季大,冬季小。对大气可降水量探测偏差日变化和季节变化的成因分析表明,12时气温比00时气温高以及夏季比冬季气温高是造成大气可降水量探测偏差日变化和季节变化的重要原因。  相似文献   

CINRAD/SA发射机典型故障分析处理     

吴少峰  项颂翔  胡东明  张羽  黎德波 《气象科技》2012,40(3):358-362

发射机是CINRAD/SA天气雷达的重要组成部分,长期处于连续高压强电的工作状态中,且线路复杂,是CINRAD/SA雷达中故障率较高的部分。以广州雷达为基础,结合其他部分台站的经验,整理出发射机在运行过程中出现的几个典型故障及其排除过程,总结这些故障形成的原因,并提出解决方法,对发射机的故障分4个方面进行了总结,此类经验及分析思路对雷达技术保障人员有一定的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

华北三站地基GPS反演的大气可降水量及其特征   总被引：8，自引：7，他引：1  

李国翠  李国平  景华  柴东红  赵彦厂 《气象科学》2008,28(4):389-394

利用2005年4月-2006年10月石家庄、秦皇岛和张家口三个地基GPS站的观测资料和地面气象资料,根据GPS反演可降水量的原理以及可降水量与地面水汽压的线性对应关系,对不同站点、不同时次的大气可降水量进行了解算和补算,并对河北省GPS可降水量的时空分布特征进行了分析.结果表明:可降水量在时间上先升后降,7、8月达到最大值;在空间上由北向南递增;可降水量的日变化特征不十分显著,仅表现为小幅度波动.  相似文献