High temperature dehydroxylation of muscovite-2M1: a kinetic study by in situ XRPD     

E. Mazzucato  G. Artioli  A. Gualtieri 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1999,26(5):375-381

Muscovite-2M₁ shows a major phase transition at about 800°C, which is generally attributed in the literature to the structural dehydroxylation process, although a number of structural models have been proposed for the dehydroxylated phase, and different transformation mechanisms have also been put forward. The observed first order transformation involves an increase in the cell volume, and it is not clear to date how the cell expansion is related to the loss of hydroxyl groups. The phase change has been re-investigated here by in situ high temperature powder diffraction, both in non-isothermal and isothermal modes, to combine for the first time the structural and the kinetic interpretation of the transformation. The results unequivocally confirm that the reaction taking place in the temperature range 700–1000°C is truly a dehydroxylation process, involving the nucleation and growth of the high temperature dehydroxylated phase, having Al in 5-fold coordination. Structural simulations of the basal peaks of the powder diffraction patterns indicate that the model originally proposed by Udagawa et al. (1974) for the dehydroxylated phase correctly describes the high temperature phase. The kinetic analysis of the isothermal data using an Avrami-type model yields values for the reaction order compatible with a reaction mechanism limited by a monodimensional diffusion step. Apparent activation energy of the process in vacuum is about 251 kJ/mol. Experiments carried out at temperatures much higher than the onset temperature of the reaction show that the dehydroxylation reaction overlaps with the reaction of formation of mullite, the final product in the reaction pathway. Received: 24 April 1998 / Revised, accepted: 12 October 1998  相似文献   

Diurnal SST warming in the Bay of Biscay: satellite measurements and model prediction     

Huang Weigen  I. S. Robinson  N. C. Wells 《海洋学报(英文版)》1999,18(2):167-176

INTRODUCTIONIt has long been recognized that a diurnal thermal cycle occurs in the upper layer of the ocean(Stommel et al., 1969; Price and Weller, 1986). Interest in the subject has revived in recentyears due to the importance of resolving the diurnal cycle for correctly coupling the ocean and atmosphere (Lukas, 1991 ). While the study of the diurnal cycle is of intrinsic scientific interest, italso offers the benefit to remote sensing scientists of identifying the bias caused by the di…  相似文献   

MOS-1/1b MESSR Observations of the Antarctic Sea Ice: Ice Bands and Ice Streamers     

Kunimitsu Ishida  Kay I. Ohshima  Takashi Yamanouchi  Hiroshi Kanzawa 《Journal of Oceanography》1999,55(3):417-426

Meso- or submeso-scale features of the Antarctic sea ice are investigated using the MOS-1/1b MESSR Images (spatial resolution of approximately 50 m) received at Syowa Station. Particular attention is paid to the ice bands and ice streamers in coastal polynyas. In the Antarctic Ocean, ice bands can be often seen not only at the ice edge but also in the ice interior zone throughout the year and they extend for hundreds of kilometers in the latitudinal direction. It is found that the width and spacing of ice bands tend to decrease from winter to summer. The width of ice band is about 2–6 km in August and September, and 0.1–0.7 km in December. The spacing of ice bands is about 3–10 km in August and September, and 0.1–2 km in December. In coastal polynyas, ice streamers, which are composed of new ice, are sometimes observed. In general, the row of the streamers is spaced at 0.5–2 km with a width of 0.1–1.0 km.  相似文献   

双壳贝类CK1基因家族的鉴定及表达分析     

孙凤芝  吕珍立  刘福云  邢强  连姗姗  王师  包立随 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(5):1401-1412

酪蛋白激酶1 (CK1)是一种重要的蛋白激酶家族,其在DNA损伤应答和修复、细胞增殖和凋亡、胚胎发育和稳态等重要的生物学过程中都具有复杂多样的调控作用。为了理解CK1基因家族在双壳贝类中的特征、进化及生物学功能,实验采用比较基因组学及生物信息学的方法对双壳贝类CK1基因家族进行了鉴定分析,通过虾夷扇贝高温应激实验,研究了CK1基因家族在高温应激时的表达规律。结果显示,在虾夷扇贝、栉孔扇贝、长牡蛎与侏儒蛤中均存在CK1α,CK1αlike,CK1δ,CK1γ3,并发现CK1ε,CK1γ1,CK1γ2在双壳贝类中发生了丢失。时空表达分析发现,双壳贝类CK1基因均在胚胎发育早期集中表达,并以多细胞/囊胚期为界呈现出母源/合子特异性表达模式。CK1为关键基因的基因共表达模块显著富集在错配修复、核苷酸剪切修复等相关通路上,暗示了CK1基因在双壳贝类胚胎发育过程中参与调控DNA损伤修复过程,从而维持早期胚胎发育时的基因组稳定性。双壳贝类CK1基因在成体中呈现组织特异的表达模式,主要在鳃和雄性性腺中具有相对较高的表达量。虾夷扇贝受到高温应激后,其鳃中PyCK1α, PyCK1αlike和PyCK1δ...  相似文献   

AIS系统在海洋遥感卫星的应用与设计优化          下载免费PDF全文

强薇  宋庆君  孙从容 《海洋技术学报》2023,(3):20-28

目前国际和国内已普遍采用星载船舶自动识别系统（Automatic Identification System,AIS）接收系统提升针对全球船只信息的采集和监测能力。本文主要介绍了国内外星载AIS系统发展的主要进展及取得的成果,重点针对目前星载AIS系统存在的近海船只密集区域信号碰撞导致检测概率降低的技术问题,通过建模仿真找到具体原因,给出后续AIS星载载荷针对此问题在设计和应用上的优化建议。本文可作为后续星载AIS系统设计的参考。  相似文献   

四个鲤鱼种群ITS-1序列的遗传变异分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

钟立强  张成锋  周凯  李冰  王建新  朱健 《湖泊科学》2011,23(2):271-276

对我国四个鲤鱼种群的核糖体DNA内转录间隔区ITS-1进行了PCR扩增、测序.序列分析显示,370bp的ITS-1序列中GC含量明显高于AT含量,共检测到34个变异位点,96个样本得到14个单倍型,平均单倍型多样性为0.637±0.055,核苷酸多样性为0.00857±0.00200,遗传多样性表现较低.黑龙江野鲤种群...  相似文献   

卫星测高技术应用研究回顾与展望   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

黄谟涛  翟国君  欧阳永忠  孙纪章  陆秀平  徐广袖  任来平  王克平  刘传勇  侯世喜 《海洋测绘》2004,24(4):65-70

简要介绍了笔者所在单位近十年来密切跟踪世界发展动态,灵活运用高新技术,致力于卫星测高技术应用研究所取得的一些有理论意义和实用价值的成果,这些成果主要包括四个方面：卫星测高径向轨道误差时域和空域特征分析、卫星测高反演海洋重力场、卫星测高反演海底地形以及利用测高重力异常扩展超高阶地球位模型研究成果。最后对这一研究领域未来的发展方向作了展望。  相似文献   

湛江数字地震台DDN与卫星传输对比分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

林伟  吴叔坤  吴永权 《华南地震》2004,24(2):69-74

为解决湛江数字地震台自2000年1月正式投入运行以来一直存在的丢数、断记、误码率和故障率较高的问题,2002年该台站架设了卫星小站,并于2003年6月15日开始进行DDN传输与卫星传输的对比,通过139天的对比表明,DDN信号仍然很差,运行率只有96．50％;而卫星信号则无误码,中断较少,运行率高达99．65％。完全可利用卫星传输方式来替代DDN传输方式。  相似文献   

卫星通信在地震烈度速报数据传输中的应用     

王宇欢  于海英  杨建 《地震地磁观测与研究》2017,38(4):203-206

在分析地震烈度速报数据传输特点后,提出将卫星通信引入烈度速报系统。通过对目前中国使用较多的北斗卫星、海事卫星、铱卫星系统和VSAT卫星系统进行对比,选取铱星短消息和海事卫星数据流这两种典型通讯方式,设计由通用数字强震仪与卫星通信系统结合地震速报通讯模块组成的实验系统,实现数字强震动记录信息通过卫星信道进行的数据传输,展现卫星通信在地震烈度速报数据传输中的应用前景。  相似文献   

HITRAN数据库对卫星1.6 μm通道CO₂辐射传输特性计算的影响     

周敏强  张兴赢  王舒鹏  王普才 《遥感学报》2014,18(5):1003-1010

卫星遥感器中的CO21.6μm弱吸收带通道测量信号可以反映CO2的近地层浓度分布,是温室气体卫星反演的重要通道之一。HITRAN数据库是建立卫星遥感CO2浓度算法依赖的重要分子光谱参数数据库,目前已经更新到了2012版,不同版本中大气分子谱线参数存在差异。本文利用逐线积分模式LBLRTM,研究了最近3个版本HITRAN数据库(04、08、12版)在CO2的弱吸收带通道上大气光学厚度、透过率的差异,发现04版计算的气体光学厚度普遍偏高,可对CO2造成约38 ppm的低估;08版本得到的气体光学厚度与12版本接近,反演相差2 ppm以内。在此基础上,分析了不同HITRAN数据库对整层CO2变化和近地层CO2变化的敏感性,结果表明:04版对整层和近地面大气的变化敏感性最强,并且放大了近地层信号;08版与12版对整层或近地层CO2的敏感度接近,两者经过卷积后得到的信号无差异。  相似文献