FUTURES:一种新型区域城市增长模型     

邓婧  唐文武  刘润润  郑新奇 《地理科学进展》2013,32(1):41-48

如何更好地进行城市发展模拟是发展中国家快速城市化过程中面临的一个科学问题。传统研究往往基于单体或组合模型,不能为决策方案提供直接支持。本文介绍了国外一个新的城市发展模型FUTURES(FUTure Ur-ban-Regional Environment Simulation)。该模型不仅考虑了城市发展区动态适宜性梯度计算、人均土地消耗的趋势分析以及基于空间位置的斑块变化可视化模拟,而且注重模块间的动态交互反馈过程,形成了独有的深度耦合机制,模型结构紧密又不失灵活性。基于高性能计算环境支持,该模型已经在美国北卡罗来纳州的多个区域进行实验并取得成功。本文主要介绍该模型设计思想、模型组成、关键建模方法,并总结了模型的主要优势,以期为我国城市发展模拟研究提供借鉴。  相似文献   

基于GIS的山地城镇空间拓展土地适宜性评价——以大埔县为例     

彭晓鹃  赵克飞 《热带地理》2013,33(4):480-488

本文综合运用GIS和RS技术,针对大埔县山地城镇的特点,选取地形地貌因子、生态敏感性因子、限制性保护因子和交通、城镇区位因子参与土地适宜性评价,利用层次分析法（AHP）获取各评价指标的权重值,然后运用多因子权重叠加分析模型对其城镇拓展空间土地适宜性进行评价,并根据适宜性大小划分出优化建设区、适宜建设区、限制建设区和禁止建设区4个等级。其中优化建设区面积235.75 km2,占总面积的9.51%;适宜建设区352.17 km2,占比14.21%;限制建设区1 643.92 km2,占比66.33%,禁止建设区218.54 km2,占比8.81%,另外还有水域27.99 km2,占比1.12%。  相似文献   

济南城市发展的工程地质适宜性评价研究          下载免费PDF全文

唐永光  于世林  陆书南  赵振华  韩琳 《山东国土资源》2012,28(9):52-56

根据济南市总体发展规划,针对济南城区和400km2的规划新区,结合济南地区地质条件和地形、地貌特征,通过对济南地区工程地质特征分析、不良工程地质问题及地质灾害评价,论述了济南地区不同地段的工程地质特点及工程地质性质,利用加权平均值法对工程建设适宜性进行了评价,将济南城区和400km2的规划新区划分为适宜区、较适宜区、适宜性差区和不适宜建设区四类。根据济南城市规划,划分为中心城区、东部产业带、西部片区、北部片区4个主要功能区,按不同区域工程地质条件对城市规划建设提出了建设建议。  相似文献   

CO_2地质储存潜力与适宜性评价编图方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

范基姣  张森琦  郑宝锋  金晓琳 《水文地质工程地质》2011,38(4):101-105

借鉴国外CO2地质储存潜力与适宜性调查评价工作程序,将我国CO2地质储存潜力与适宜性评价工作划分为五个阶段。影响盆地评价阶段CO2地质储存适宜性的因素很多,本文分别从盆地本身物理条件、数据源和资源潜力、地壳稳定性、温度以及经济适宜性五个影响方面形成单因子图,此五类单因子图件的编图基础为中国1∶500万地质图,利用图层属性的加权计算、叠加的成图方法,综合单因子图件形成我国CO2地质储存远景区划图件。  相似文献   

Habitat suitability modelling as a mapping tool for macrobenthic communities: An example from the Belgian part of the North Sea     

S. Degraer  E. Verfaillie  W. Willems  E. Adriaens  M. Vincx  V. Van Lancker 《Continental Shelf Research》2008

Being ecologically important and well-known, the spatial distribution pattern of the macrobenthos is often used to support an ecologically sustainable marine management. Though in many cases the macrobenthic spatial distribution is relatively well-known, this information is merely restricted to point observations at the sampling stations: although being increasingly demanded, full coverage spatial distribution maps are generally lacking. This study therefore aimed at demonstrating the usefulness of habitat suitability modelling as a full coverage mapping tool with high relevance for marine management through (1) the construction of a habitat suitability model for the soft sediment macrobenthic communities in the Belgian part of the North Sea (BPNS) and (2) predicting the full coverage spatial distribution of macrobenthic communities within the BPNS. The BPNS was selected as a case study area because of the high data availability on both macrobenthos and environmental characteristics. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) objectively selected median grain size and sediment mud content and omitted bathymetry, slope and distance to the coast to represent the most important environmental variables determining the macrobenthic community distribution. The consequent crossvalidated, empirical habitat suitability model, using both median grain size and mud content, showed an a posteriori average correctly classified instances (CCI) of 79% (community-dependent CCI ranging from 72% to 86%) and a Cohen's kappa of 0.71, pointing towards a very good agreement between model predictions and observations. The application of the habitat suitability model on the full coverage maps of median grain size and sediment mud content, taken from literature, allowed to reliably assess the distribution of the macrobenthic communities within 96.3% of the 53,297 BPNS grid cells with a resolution of 250 m. Next to its applicability to the BPNS, the model is further anticipated to potentially perform well in the full Southern Bight of the North Sea: testing is advised here. Since the habitat suitability is considered far more stable through time compared to the permanently fluctuating macrobenthic communities, information on the habitat suitability of an area is considered highly important for a scientifically sound marine management.  相似文献   

江西省萍乡市矿产资源开发利用适宜性     

王淼林 《华南地质与矿产》2019,35(2):238-243

科学评价矿产资源是合理利用矿产资源的前提与基础。本文以江西省萍乡市为样本,进行矿产资源开发利用适宜性指数计算,划分出区内的重点矿产、优势矿产、保护性开发矿产、限制性开发矿产。评价具有科学合理性和可操作性,可作为矿产资源开发利用、规划管理的依据。  相似文献   

农村居民点土地整理潜力研究方法述评   总被引：24，自引：1，他引：23  

何英彬  陈佑启  姚艳敏  魏娜  许新国  唐鹏钦  余强毅 《地理与地理信息科学》2008,24(4)

结合我国农村居民点土地整理潜力研究现状,将农村居民点土地整理研究归纳为综合潜力评价与农村居民点土地整理潜力计算方法两项主要研究内容;评述政策指标测算法、闲置宅基地抽样调查法和建筑容积率法3种农村居民点土地整理潜力计算方法,并探讨农村居民点土地整理潜力理论缺乏系统性、综合潜力研究中土地整理适宜性评价与综合潜力评价重叠及农村居民点土地整理潜力计算方法尚不完善等问题;提出农村居民点土地整理潜力研究应与耕地整理等其他土地整理领域相结合,使农村居民点土地整理潜力计算方法更系统、更精确。  相似文献   

唐山市土地利用防灾适宜度评价方法分析     

朱庆杰  陈艳华  周云章  丛德茂 《地理与地理信息科学》2008,24(3):90-95

基于GIS的防灾适宜度多准则评价(MCE)是土地利用防灾规划的关键。根据唐山市地质灾害资料,建立基于距离的防灾适宜度评价准则并量化评价指标。依据决策风险指标计算次序权重,应用层次分析程序(AHP)构建比较矩阵并计算准则权重,分析基于GIS的OWA方法、布尔决策和权重线性叠加(WLC)等多准则评价方法的决策风险,确定唐山市土地利用防灾评价策略。基于决策风险和指标补偿原则计算次序权重、准则权重和一致性比率,得到唐山市土地利用防灾适宜度评价结果,据此提出唐山市土地资源合理利用建议。  相似文献   

汶川地震序列中较大深度余震的一种可能的直接观测证据   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

刘春  吴忠良  蒋长胜 《中国地震》2009,25(2)

汶川地震序列中为数很少的深度大于30km的余震是否存在,对解释汶川地震的成因机制具有重要意义.本文分析了汶川地震序列中26个"恰好"发生在观测台站下方的小地震--"台下地震",利用这种地震与台站之间的特殊组合来确定这些地震的震源深度,以期为地震精确定位提供"GT事件".在这26个地震中,有两例的震源深度约36km,尽管仍与所采用的地壳结构模型有关,却也提供了深度大于30km的余震存在的直接证据.  相似文献   

Effect of streambed sediment on benthic ecology   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

Xuehua DUAN  Zhao-Yin WANG  Mengzhen XU  Kang ZHANG Ph.D.  Jiangyin Environmental Monitoring Station  Jiangyin  China  Dept. of Hydraulic Engineering  Tsinghua University  Prof.  State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience  Engineering  Beijing  Doctoral c  idate  Doctoral c  idate  Be... 《国际泥沙研究》2009,24(3):325-338

Benthic macroinvertebrates have been commonly used as indicator species for assessment of aquatic ecology. Streambed sediment, or substrate, plays an important role in habitat conditions for macroinvertebrate communities. Field investigations were done to study the benthic diversity and macroinvertebrate compositions in various stream substrata. Sampling sites with different bed sediment, latitude, and climate were selected along the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the East River, and the Juma River, in China. The results show that benthic community structures found in different substrata clearly differ, while those found in substrata of similar composition and flow conditions but in different macroclimates are similar. The study, thus, demonstrates that the benthic macroinvertebrate community is mainly affected by substrate composition and flow conditions, but is generally unaffected by latitudinal position and macroclimate. Taxa richness of the maeroinvertebrate community was found to be the highest on hydrophyte-covered cobbles, high on moss-covered bedrock, and low on clay beds and cobble beds devoid of plant biomass. Sandy beds are compact and unstable, thus, no benthic macroinvertebrates were found colonizing such substrata. Aquatic insects account for most of the macroinvertebrates collected in these rivers. Different insects dominate in different types of substrata： mainly EPT species （Ephemeroptera, Ptecoptera, Tfichoptera） in cobble, gravel, and moss-covered bedrock; and Chironomidae larvae in clay beds. The relation between the number of species in the samples and the size of the sampling area fits a power function of the species area. One square meter （lm） is suggested as the minimum sampling area. A substrate suitability index is proposed by integrating the suitability of sediment, periphyton, and benthic organic materials for macroinvertebrates. The biodiversity of macroinvertebrates increases linearly with the substrate suitability index. Benthic taxa richness increases linearly with the suitability index.  相似文献