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71.
在新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里蛇绿混杂带中新发现了斜长角闪岩,主要呈透镜状夹持于变质橄榄岩之中。采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法,获得斜长角闪岩锆石U-Pb年龄为(402.7±4.9)Ma,表明其原岩形成时代为早泥盆世。岩相学、岩石地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素分析表明,斜长角闪岩的原岩可能为变辉长岩,样品SiO_2含量为47.58%~50.57%,MgO含量为8.04%~9.12%及对应的Mg#值为63.89~67.64,Ni和Cr含量分别为68.9×10~(-6)~99.2×10~(-6)和306×10~(-6)~398×10~(-6),与洋中脊拉斑玄武岩一致。稀土元素配分曲线呈弱亏损型至平坦型,微量元素蛛网图总体与N-MORB相似,无明显的Nb、Ta Zr、Hf及Ti的亏损,各元素的丰度也与N-MORB接近。样品均具有较高εNd(t)值(8.7~9.2),表明其原始岩浆来源于亏损地幔。在TiO_2-FeOT/MgO和Th-Ta-Hf/3构造环境判别图解中,所有样品均落入洋中脊玄武岩区域内。结合区域地质构造背景,认为斜长角闪岩可能形成于洋中脊构造环境,代表了被肢解的古洋盆岩石圈残片,应为卡拉麦里蛇绿混杂岩的组成部分,揭示了该洋盆的开启时限至少可追溯至早泥盆世。 相似文献
72.
An Experimental Investigation of the Influence of Water and Oxygen Fugacity on Differentiation of MORB at 200 MPa 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
Crystallization experiments were performed at 200 MPa in thetemperature range 1150–950°C at oxygen fugacitiescorresponding to the quartz–fayalite–magnetite (QFM)and MnO–Mn3O4 buffers to assess the role of water andfO2 on phase relations and differentiation trends in mid-oceanridge basalt (MORB) systems. Starting from a primitive (MgO9·8 wt %) and an evolved MORB (MgO 6·49 wt %),crystallization paths with four different water contents (0·35–4·7wt % H2O) have been investigated. In primitive MORB, olivineis the liquidus phase followed by plagioclase + clinopyroxene.Amphibole is present only at water-saturated conditions below1000°C, but not all fluid-saturated runs contain amphibole.Magnetite and orthopyroxene are not stable at low fO2 (QFM buffer).Residual liquids obtained at low fO2 show a tholeiitic differentiationtrend. The crystallization of magnetite at high fO2 (MnO–Mn3O4buffer) results in a decrease of melt FeO*/MgO ratio, causinga calc-alkaline differentiation trend. Because the magnetitecrystallization temperature is nearly independent of the H2Ocontent, in contrast to silicate minerals, the calc-alkalinedifferentiation trend is more pronounced at high water contents.Residual melts at 950°C in a primitive MORB system havecompositions approaching those of oceanic plagiogranites interms of SiO2 and K2O, but have Ca/Na ratios and FeO* contentsthat are too high compared with the natural rocks, implyingthat fractionation processes are necessary to reach typicalcompositions of natural oceanic plagiogranites. KEY WORDS: differentiation; MORB; oxygen fugacity; water activity; oceanic plagiogranite 相似文献
73.
The phase relations in hydrous and anhydrous mid-ocean ridge basalt were determined at pressures of 18-28 GPa. Liquidus phase relations in hydrous and anhydrous MORB are different. Garnet is the liquidus phase at pressures below 21 GPa, Ca-Al (CAS) phase and stishovite are the liquidus phases at pressures of 22-27 GPa, and stishovite and Ca-perovskite are the liquidus phases above 27 GPa, whereas Ca-perovskite is a liquidus phase of anhydrous MORB at pressures above 23 GPa. Under subsolidus conditions, we have found that in the hydrous MORB system the stability fields of Al-bearing perovskite and Na-Al (NAL) phase might shift to lower pressure by about 1.5 GPa compared to the dry MORB system. This shift could be explained by oxidation of a garnet-bearing assemblage by hydrous fluid and formation of Fe3+-bearing aluminous perovskite at lower pressures relative to the anhydrous system and/or differences in water solubility of the phases existing in perovskite-bearing assemblages. Our data indicate that hydrous basaltic crust remains denser than peridotite along the geotherm of a subducting slab, i.e. there is no density crossover between peridotite and basalt. Therefore, in slabs going through the 660 km discontinuity, basalt would gravitationally sink into the lower mantle under relatively hydrous conditions. The delamination of former basaltic crust near the 660 km discontinuity might be possible under relatively dry conditions of subduction. There are no stable highly hydrous phases in MORB above 10 GPa even at lower temperatures corresponding to subducting slabs. Therefore, MORB cannot be an important carrier of water to the deep Earth interior. However, it can be constantly supplied by water-bearing fluid from the underlying peridotite part of the descending slab. Thus, it is plausible that water can control subduction of the oceanic crust into the lower mantle. 相似文献
74.
T. Sanehira T. Irifune T. Shinmei F. Brunet K. Funakoshi A. Nozawa 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2006,33(1):28-34
In situ X-ray diffraction study was conducted to identify the crystal structure of the “Al-phase”, which was previously reported
to form in basaltic compositions at pressures and temperatures of the uppermost part of the lower mantle. Le Bail whole-pattern
fitting method was adopted to investigate the structure of the Al-phase under high pressure and temperature as well as ambient
conditions. Observed patterns were satisfactorily fitted using the “hexagonal phase” with space group P63/m (plus minor amount of garnet) under both of these conditions. On the other hand, the calcium ferrite structure model proposed
in some earlier studies based on quench experiments yielded profile-fitting results at significantly lower confidence levels,
particularly at simultaneous high pressure and high temperature conditions, suggesting that this phase may not form in oceanic
crust materials subducted in the uppermost lower mantle. The difference in densities of hexagonal and calcium ferrite phases,
however, is only ~1% under pressures and temperatures of the uppermost part of the lower mantle conditions, which yields a
negligible effect on the bulk density of the subducted oceanic crust. 相似文献
75.
We studied the change of magnetic behaviour upon laboratory heating of altered mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) samples in the age range of 16-35 Ma to determine the influence of titanomaghemite inversion on the thermal demagnetisation of natural remanent magnetisation (NRM) of these basalts. MORB samples were heated to successively higher temperatures and at the same time the temperature dependence of either saturation magnetisation or NRM was monitored continuously. After each heating step, hysteresis loops and remanent magnetisation curves between 10 K and room temperature were measured. With this procedure, it is shown that the dominant magnetic remanence carrier in our MORB samples is cation deficient titanomaghemite. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the titanomaghemite is gradually changing to a Ti-poor titanomagnetite as the final inversion product. During inversion, both the Curie temperature as well as the maximum unblocking temperature of the NRM are gradually increasing. We show that the paradox of unblocking temperatures above the Curie temperatures often observed for altered MORBs is an artefact of this gradual, heating induced inversion process. 相似文献
76.
A comparison of geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic compositions for Deccan Continental Flood Basalts (CFBs) and Central Indian Ridge (CIR) Basalts is presented: these data permit assessment of possible parental linkages between the two regions, and comparison of their respective magmatic evolutionary trends in relation to rift-related tectonic events during Gondwana break-up. The present study reveals that Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB) from the northern CIR and basalts of Deccan CFB are geochemically dissimilar because of: (1) the Deccan CFB basalts typically show a greater iron-enrichment as compared to the northern CIR MORB, (2) a multi-element spiderdiagram reveals that the Deccan CFBs reveal a more fractionated slope (Ba/YbN > 1), as compared to relatively flat northern CIR MORB (Ba/YbN < 1), (3) there is greater REE fractionation for Deccan CFB than for the northern CIR MORB (i.e., La/YbN ∼ 2.3 and 1 respectively) and (4) substantial variation of compatible–incompatible trace elements and their ratios among the two basalt groups suggests that partial melting is a dominant process for northern CIR MORB, while fractional crystallization was a more important control to the geochemical variation for Deccan CFB. Further, incompatible trace element ratios (Nb/U and Nb/Pb) and radiogenic isotopic data (Sr–Pb–Nd) indicate that the northern CIR MORBs are similar to depleted mantle [and/or normal (N)-MORB], and often lie on a mixing line between depleted mantle and upper continental crust. By contrast, Deccan CFB compositions lie between the lower continental crust and Ocean island basalt. Accordingly, we conclude that the basaltic suites of the northern CIR MORB and Deccan CFB do not share common parentage, and are therefore genetically unrelated to each other. Instead, we infer that the northern CIR MORB were derived from a depleted mantle source contaminated by upper continental crust, probably during the break up of Gondwanaland; the Deccan CFB are more similar to Ocean island basalt (Reunion-like) composition, and perhaps contaminated by lower continental crust during their evolution. 相似文献