Microhabitat distribution of Smacigastes micheli (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Tegastidae) from deep‐sea hydrothermal vents at the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, 37° N (Lucky Strike), with a morphological description of its nauplius     

Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko  Paulo H.C. Corgosinho  Frank Ferrari  Pierre‐Marie Sarradin  Jozée Sarrazin 《Marine Ecology》2012,33(2):246-256

  相似文献   

武当山十堰地区二叠纪E-MORB型玄武岩识别及构造意义     

王刚  张晗  王宗起  武昱东  王东升  王嘉玮 《地质论评》2019,65(1):65-84

大比例尺构造—岩相填图和测试分析研究显示南秦岭武当山并非统一前寒武纪基底组成,在十堰和两郧断裂之间的黄龙—方滩及丹江口银洞山等地区识别和厘定出一套中生代混杂岩带,开展混杂岩带内物质组成和成因研究对正确认识武当山造山作用和区域构造演化有重要意义。本文重点对武当山十堰黄龙—方滩地区混杂岩带内玄武岩块体岩石成因及时代进行研究,岩石地球化学显示玄武岩块体为亚碱性拉斑玄武岩系列,具有中等Ti、Zr、Hf、Nd含量、弱轻稀土富集重稀土亏损的E-MORB(Enriched Mid-ocean ridge basalt,富集型洋中脊玄武岩)特征,其岩浆为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩低压、高度部分熔融形成,源区可能受富集地幔或俯冲作用等影响导致富集高场强不相容元素;锆石U-Pb测年表明其为中二叠世火山作用产物;区域地质特征及岩石成因研究共同指示该套E-MORB形成于洋中脊或附近海山环境。综上,武当山十堰地区中—晚二叠世存在洋盆,该成果为理解十堰黄龙—方滩混杂岩带成因机制和正确认识南秦岭显生宙构造属性提供了基础资料。  相似文献   

深海橄榄岩研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王金荣  郭原生 《地球科学进展》1999,14(6):566-570

很久以来,深海橄榄岩一直被认为是洋中脊下地幔熔融残留体,但最近深海橄榄岩实际矿物组分研究和全岩化学成分重建的结果表明,深海橄榄岩是洋脊下地幔熔融残留体和过量橄榄石的混合物。深海橄榄岩的成因是洋脊下上隆地幔降压熔融作用和熔体上升通过地幔最上部的热边界层时发生冷却、结晶出橄榄石的联合作用的结果。地幔熔融程度越高,深海橄榄岩越亏损,则含有越多的过量橄榄石。为此,只要把深海橄榄岩中过量的橄榄石剔除后,其实际矿物组分就能有效地反映洋脊下地幔熔融作用和熔融萃取过程。  相似文献   

Benthic megafauna on steep slopes at the Northern Mid‐Atlantic Ridge          下载免费PDF全文

James B. Bell  Claudia H. S. Alt  Daniel O. B. Jones 《Marine Ecology》2016,37(6):1290-1302

The role of small‐scale (<10 km) habitat availability in structuring deep‐sea hard substratum assemblages is poorly understood. Epibenthic megafauna and substratum availability were studied on steep slopes at the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge from May to July 2010 northwest, northeast, southwest and southeast of the Charlie‐Gibbs Fracture Zone (CGFZ; 48–54°N) at between 2095 and 2601 m depth. Megafauna were six times denser north of the CGFZ compared with the south and differences in density were almost entirely driven by sessile fauna. There was no significant difference in habitat availability amongst sites. Rocky substratum made up 48% of the total area surveyed, with individual transects having between 0% and 82% rock. Assemblage structures were different amongst all superstations. The north was dominated by demospongids and hexactinellids, whereas the southern superstations were dominated by anthozoans and hexactinellids. Differences in megafaunal assemblages north and south of the CGFZ primarily reflected variations in demospongid and anthozoan species composition. With 213–1825 individuals·ha^?1, and 7–24 species per superstation, hexactinellids were the most species‐rich (36 species) and cosmopolitan taxa at the study site, supporting observations elsewhere along the ridge and in the CGFZ. The absence of significant differences in substrata availability suggested alternative drivers for density or percentage cover. The amount of hard substratum available only limited sessile megafauna density at one transect that was entirely covered with sediments. Species richness was highest for areas with intermediate values of substratum coverage (35–43% rock).  相似文献   

云南省临沧邦东忙牙铜矿成矿信息分析     

王刚  龙庆兵  李俊  高建国 《云南地质》2011,30(3):344-347

忙牙区1∶1万土壤化探测量发现三个铜异常晕圈,三条矿化带,均赋存于火山岩与二叠系浅变质接触带内及其附近,矿床成因属中—低温热液型,且受构造控制。  相似文献   

Hydrothermal faunal assemblages and habitat characterisation at the Eiffel Tower edifice (Lucky Strike,Mid‐Atlantic Ridge)     

Daphne Cuvelier  Pierre‐Marie Sarradin  Jozée Sarrazin  Ana Colaço  Jon T. Copley  Daniel Desbruyères  Adrian G. Glover  Ricardo Serrão Santos  Paul A. Tyler 《Marine Ecology》2011,32(2):243-255

The Eiffel Tower edifice is situated in the Lucky Strike hydrothermal vent field at a mean depth of 1690 m on the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge (MAR). At this 11‐m‐high hydrothermal structure, different faunal assemblages, varying in visibly dominant species (mussels and shrimp), in mussel size and in density of mussel coverage, were sampled biologically and chemically. Temperature and sulphide (∑S) were measured on the different types of mussel‐based assemblages and on a shrimp‐dominated assemblage. Temperature was used as a proxy for calculating total concentrations of CH₄. Based on the physico‐chemical measurements, two microhabitats were identified, corresponding to (i) a more variable habitat featuring the greatest fluctuations in environmental variables and (ii) a second, more stable, habitat. The highest temperature variability and the highest maximum recorded temperatures were found in the assemblages visibly inhabited by alvinocaridid shrimp and dense mussel beds of large Bathymodiolus azoricus, whereas the less variable habitats were inhabited by smaller‐sized mussels with increasing bare surface in between. Larger mussels appeared to consume more ∑S compared with smaller‐sized (<1 cm) individuals and thus had a greater influence on the local chemistry. In addition, the mussel size was shown to be significantly positively correlated to temperature and negatively to the richness of the associated macrofauna. The presence of microbial mats was not linked to specific environmental conditions, but had a negative effect on the presence and abundance of macro‐fauna, notably gastropods. Whereas some taxa or species are found in only one of the two microhabitats, others, such as polychaetes and Mirocaris shrimp, cross the different microhabitats. Temperature was proposed to be a more limiting factor in species distribution than ∑S.  相似文献   

Deep Fractionation of Clinopyroxene in the East Pacific Rise 13°N: Evidence from High MgO MORB and Melt Inclusions   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

ZHANG Guoliang  ZENG Zhigang  YIN Xuebo  WANG Xiaoyuan  CHEN Daigeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(2):266-277

Mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) from East Pacific Rise (EPR) 13°N are analysed for major and trace elements, both of which show a continuous evolving trend. Positive MgO–Al2O3 and negative MgO–Sc relationships manifest the cotectic crystallization of plagioclase and olivine, which exist with the presence of plagioclase and olivine phenocrysts and the absence of clinopyroxene phenocrysts. However, the fractionation of clinopyroxene is proven by the positive correlation of MgO and CaO. Thus, MORB samples are believed to show a “clinopyroxene paradox”. The highest magnesium-bearing MORB sample E13-3B (MgO=9.52%) is modelled for isobaric crystallization with COMAGMAT at different pressures. Observed CaO/Al2O3 ratios can be derived from E13-3B only by fractional crystallization at pressure >4 ±1 kbar, which necessitates clinopyroxene crystallization and is not consistent with cotectic crystallization of olivine plus plagioclase in the magma chamber (at pressure ~1 kbar). The initial compositions of the melt inclusions, which could represent potential parental magmas, are reconstructed by correcting for post-entrapment crystallization (PEC). The simulated crystallization of initial melt inclusions also produce observed CaO/Al2O3 ratios only at >4±1 kbar, in which clinopyroxene takes part in crystallization. It is suggested that MORB magmas have experienced clinopyroxene fractionation in the lower crust, in and below the Moho transition zone. The MORB magmas have experienced transition from clinopyroxene+plagioclase+olivine crystallization at >4±1 kbar to mainly olivine+plagioclase crystallization at <1 kbar, which contributes to the explanation of the “clinopyroxene paradox”.  相似文献   

中纬度海气相互作用研究进展   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

赵永平  陈永利 《地球科学进展》1997,12(1):32-36

回顾了中纬度海气相互作用的研究现状,分析了长期以来该项研究进展缓慢的原因和近十几年来的研究成果,结果指出:中纬度海洋在全球气候变化中有着重要的作用;冬季中纬度海气相互作用的强信号是冷空气强度;中纬度海洋强暖流区海气能量交换异常对同期和后期(半年至一年)北半球范围内的大气环流型有重要影响;当冬季黑潮和湾流海域海洋对大气同时异常多或异常少加热时,易形成夏季长江中下游偏旱或偏涝的环流形势。最后还提出,深入研究中纬度海气能量系统异常对大气环流影响及其物理机制,是今后海气相互作用研究的重要内容,其结果将为短期气候预测提供理论依据。  相似文献   

长江中下游湖泊淡水贝类的分布及物种多样性   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10  

吴小平  梁彦龄  王洪铸  谢志才  欧阳珊 《湖泊科学》2000,12(2):111-118

本文记录了长江中下游湖泊贝类１１０种,其中腹足类１０科５６种,双壳类５科５４种,并对长江中下游主要湖泊贝类的区系、物种多样性进行比较。  相似文献   

中祁连东段湟源群的年代学新证据及其地质意义   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

郭进京  赵凤清  李怀坤  李惠民  左义成 《地质通报》2000,19(1):26-31

根据新近获得的中祁连地块东段湟源群中变质火山岩(910±6.7)Ma和侵位于湟源群中的响河尔花岗岩(917±12)Ma的单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄,结合区域地质背景分析认为（1）湟源群时代不是古元古代,而是中晚元古代,上限在900 Ma左右;（2）响河尔花岗岩是晋宁期花岗岩而非中条期花岗岩;（3）湟源群及侵位于其中的晋宁期花岗岩代表了中祁连晋宁旋回结晶基底,并非中条旋回结晶基底。湟源群时代的重新厘定使得已经建立的中祁连地块东段前寒武纪地层格架和中祁连地块性质、归属等问题需要重新审视和研究。  相似文献