Inversion of temperature measurements in lake sediment     

P. Y. Shen  A. E. Beck 《Geophysical Journal International》1988,94(3):545-558

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Linear programming approach to moment tensor inversion of earthquake sources and some tests on the three-dimensional structure of the upper mantle     

Toshiro Tanimoto  Hiroo Kanamori 《Geophysical Journal International》1986,84(2):413-430

Summary. A new method of moment tensor inversion is developed, which combines surface wave data and P -wave first motion data in a linear programming approach. Once surface wave spectra and first motion data are given, the method automatically obtains the solution that satisfies first motion data and minimizes the L1 norm of the surface wave spectra. We show the results of eight events in which the method works and is stable even for shallow events. We also show one event in which surface wave data and P -wave first motion data seem to be incompatible. In such cases, our method does not converge or converges to a solution which has a large minor (second) double couple component. It is an advantage that the method can determine the compatibility of two data sets without trial and error.
Laterally heterogeneous phase velocity corrections are used to obtain spectra at the source. The method is also applied to invert moment tensors of eight events in two recent three-dimensional (3-D) upper mantle structures. In both 3-D models, variances of spectra are smaller than those in a laterally homogeneous model at 256 s. Statistical tests show that those reductions are significant at a high confidence level for five events out of eight examined. For three events, we examined those reductions at shorter periods, 197 and 151 s. The reduction of variances is comparable to the results at 256 s and is again statistically significant at a high confidence level. Orientation of fault planes does not change very much by incorporation of lateral variations of phase velocity or by doing inversions at different periods. This is mainly because of the constraints from P -wave first motion data. Scatter of phase spectra at shorter periods, especially at 151 s, is great and suggests that surface wave ray paths deviate from great circle paths substantially and these effects cannot be ignored.  相似文献   

Anelastic Rayleigh Wave Attenuation In the Iberian Peninsula   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jose A. Canas  Fernando De  Miguel†  Francisco Vidal†  Gerardo Alguacil† 《Geophysical Journal International》1988,95(2):391-396

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Non-Linear Reflection Tomography   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

V. Farra  R. Madariaga 《Geophysical Journal International》1988,95(1):135-147

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用航磁异常计算山西省地区居里面     

王西文 《地球科学与环境学报》1991,(3)

B.K.Bhattachryya(1975)推导的求磁性体质心的矩谱法公式,该方法理论严谨,计算速度快,并有不需要预先知道磁性体磁化率的特点。在该公式的基础上,本文用推导出的提高求解质心精度的改正公式,求磁性体的质心(h_0),用对数功率谱法求磁性体上界面(h_1),根据公式计算了山西省居里面;并根据热传导的近似公式计算了山西省大地热流值。结果与已有的地质、地球物理资料相吻合,揭示了山西地堑的深部构造特征。  相似文献   

A Variable Slip Fault Model For the 1908 Messina Straits (Italy) Earthquake, By Inversion of Levelling Data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Giuseppe De  Natale Folco Pingue 《Geophysical Journal International》1991,104(1):73-84

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Conserved quantities and the inverse problem of reflection seismology     

Ian Lerche 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1990,132(3):583-597

We show that the time-dependent wave equation in both one and two spatial dimensions possesses quantities which are globally conserved. We show how these conserved quantities can be used to determine the characteristic impedance, the rock density and the elastic constant of the rock. We also demonstrate that the conserved quantities possess the capability of determining and/or bracketing the unknown component of the direct pressure response, which is required to begin downward continuation algorithms. Further, we demonstrate that the conserved quantities are always available irrespective of the source structure in time. Numerical instability, arising if the filtering due to the source structure is too harsh, can then be controlled to a degree by demanding that the conserved quantities be indeed conserved.  相似文献   

黄渤海一次持续性海雾过程形变特征及其成因分析     

黄彬  许健民  史得道  柳龙生 《气象》2018,44(10):1342-1351

2016年3月3—5日,渤海和黄海大部出现了一次大范围持续性的海上大雾天气过程。本文从卫星遥感监测上分析海雾在生成、发展和消亡三个阶段的形态演变特征。从海洋气象条件上分析了山东半岛东南近海没有海雾和海雾形态演变的原因。结果表明:(1)在海雾形成初期,在山东半岛东南海域有弱气旋性弯曲,大气层结不稳定,地面形势受低压影响,虽受偏南风控制,但湿度小,无水汽辐合,因此在山东半岛东南近海没有雾。(2)海雾的形成与低层的偏南暖湿气流有关,而这个偏南暖湿气流来源于西北太平洋,雾区对应着水汽辐合区,海气温差为0～1℃的区域与雾区吻合,在海雾发展成熟期,雾顶长波辐射导致雾体降温,出现气温低于海温的现象。(3)925～1000 hPa垂直风切变有利于海雾在逆温层内维持和垂直高度上的发展,形成有一定厚度的海雾。  相似文献   

2016年初冬陕西一次高架雷暴天气过程分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

郭大梅  章丽娜  王秀明  胡启元 《气象》2018,44(11):1404-1413

利用常规地面高空观测资料、西安和安康多普勒天气雷达观测资料、欧洲中心细网格模式预报等资料对2016年11月22日发生在陕西地区的一次雷暴过程进行诊断分析,结果表明：陕西中南部雷暴区位于地面冷锋后350~500 km的区域内,雷暴区3 km以下是深厚的冷垫,同时中低层存在明显的逆温层,低层是绝对稳定的大气层结,这说明此次雷暴天气为高架雷暴。通过诊断饱和假相当位温、假相当位温、湿位涡和绝对涡度表明不同地区不稳定机制是不同的。西安地区不稳定机制为条件性对称不稳定,安康地区不稳定机制为条件性不稳定。在条件性对称不稳定区域,降雪回波呈现出数个平行带状回波,与0~6 km风切变矢量(西西南风)平行;在条件性不稳定区域,降水回波为小尺度的块状回波。强垂直风切变表明大气斜压性强,中高层暖湿气流增强了大气的湿斜压性,从而使中高层形成条件性对称不稳定,产生倾斜对流;中低层偏南气流输送暖平流和水汽,使得大气较为暖湿,中高层温度平流较弱,大气较干,形成位势不稳定,锋面抬升中低层暖湿大气使其饱和,位势不稳定转化为条件性不稳定,产生垂直对流。不稳定与上升运动及回波高度有着较好的对应关系。  相似文献   

重力三维聚焦反演在大盐滩深部卤水勘查中的应用     

刘文玉  韩凤清  韩继龙  年秀清  杨修猛  毛庆飞 《盐湖研究》2018,26(3):52-58, 75

大盐滩地区盐湖企业面临水资源和盐矿资源双重危机,利用重力方法探寻新资源具有重要的实际意义。本文对该区布格重力异常进行三维聚焦反演,获得了大盐滩地区三维剩余密度结构。通过研究发现,大盐滩地区浅地表高低度异常,表征着赋存较为丰富的盐矿资源,但地层中水资源较为贫瘠,浅表水资源主要赋存在山前冲积扇及断裂带内。中深层位不仅具有多个含水层,而且出现多处低密度异常区(T1～T4),可能为深部卤水富集体的反映,是探寻新卤水资源的有利靶区。依此建议在阿尔金山山前冲积带及断裂带内寻找新的淡水资源,并在成矿有利区,开展深部卤水资源勘查工作。  相似文献