逆时偏移去噪方法研究进展   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

许璐  孟小红  刘国峰 《地球物理学进展》2012,27(4):1548-1556

逆时偏移(RTM)作为精度较高的深度域成像方法之一越来越受到人们的重视..基于双程波动方程的逆时偏移具有原理简单、无倾角限制、可以用于复杂区域和陡倾角构造成像等优点.本文概述了国内外逆时偏移的发展历程和现状,介绍了应用随机边界条件后逆时偏移基本原理以及存在的问题并分析了成像噪声的产生机制,重点给出成像后压制逆时偏移低频噪声的几种方法及特征并给出总体认识.  相似文献   

基于波场传播方向的波动方程偏移有效去噪方法(英文)     

叶瑞超  贾晓峰 《应用地球物理》2012,9(1):33-40

本文研究分析了双程波波动方程偏移成像中广泛存在的三种主要噪声,特别是针对过去研究中没能很好解决的存在于高速盐丘悬垂边界附近的射线状噪声,提出了基于优化成像条件的有效去噪方法。射线状噪声主要来自于震源一侧波场的下行透射波分量和接收阵列一侧波场的上行散射波互相关成像。这一部分能量具有较强的互相关性,但并不携带真实的反射面信息。它广泛存在叠前偏移成像中,与信号在强度上同量级。多数情况下偏移成像中的相关噪声由方向性传播的波场能量产生。利用波场梯度得到的波场传播角度,可以分离出噪声对应的波场能量,并在成像条件中减去。采用这一方法可以有效地去除多种噪声,包括直达波噪声、散射波噪声和射线状噪声。该去噪方法不依赖波场外推算子,在需要时可以方便地运用到几乎所有的波动方程偏移中去。并且该去噪方法针对噪声的物理根源,对信号的损害很小。对去噪后的偏移成像结果额外地进行波数域滤波处理,可以进一步提高叠加图像的质量。这一去噪方法在超广角单程波偏移成像中取得良好效果,我们同时期待其在其他双程波波动方程偏移特别是逆时偏移(RTM)中的成功运用。  相似文献   

Global SH-wave propagation in a 2D whole Moon model using the parallel hybrid PSM/FDM method     

Xianghua Jiang  Yanbin Wang  Yanfang Qin  Hiroshi Takenaka 《地震科学（英文版）》2015,28(3):163-174

We present numerical modeling of SH-wave propagation for the recently proposed whole Moon model and try to improve our understanding of lunar seismic wave propagation. We use a hybrid PSM/FDM method on staggered grids to solve the wave equations and implement the calculation on a parallel PC cluster to improve the computing efficiency. Features of global SH-wave propagation are firstly discussed for a 100-km shallow and 900-km deep moonquakes, respectively. Effects of frequency range and lateral variation of crust thickness are then investigated with various models. Our synthetic waveforms are finally compared with observed Apollo data to show the features of wave propagation that were produced by our model and those not reproduced by our models. Our numerical modeling show that the low-velocity upper crust plays significant role in the development of reverberating wave trains. Increasing frequency enhances the strength and duration of the reverberations. Surface multiples dominate wavefields for shallow event. Core–mantle reflections can be clearly identified for deep event at low frequency. The layered whole Moon model and the low-velocity upper crust produce the reverberating wave trains following each phases consistent with observation. However, more realistic Moon model should be considered in order to explain the strong and slow decay scattering between various phases shown on observation data.  相似文献   

Reduction in ground vibrations by using shaped landscapes     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2014

Reduction in traffic-induced ground vibrations by the use of shaped landscapes is investigated here by shaping the landscape surrounding a high-tech facility, using the landscape thus produced as a wave obstacle. The effects of the geometric parameters of a shaped landscape were examined in parametric studies. An architectural landscape design was also investigated in terms of its effectiveness in reducing traffic-induced ground vibrations. Finite element models, analysed in the frequency domain, were employed. The models involve a layer of soil and the underlying bedrock. It was found that anywhere from an appreciable reduction to an appreciable amplification of the vibrations produced can occur, depending upon the geometric parameters of the shaped landscape involved. The most effective shape was found for a topography that acted as a waveguide that reduced the level of vibration by approximately 35%.  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEWS     

《The Professional geographer》1985,37(3):357-389

Book Reviewed in this article: Redundant Spaces in Cities and Regions? Studies in Industrial Decline and Social Change . J. Anderson, S. Duncan and R. Hudson. eds. The Social Consequences and Challenges of New Agricultural Technologies . Gigi M. Berardi and Charles C. Geisler, eds. Determinants of Fertility in Developing Countries, Vol. I, Supply and Demand for Children . Rodolfo A. Bultao and Ronald D. Lee, eds. Computer Mapping: Progress in the‘80s . James R. Carter. Washington: Colonial Africa . A. J. Christopher. Geography of the Soviet Union . J. P. Cole. Chicago Mapmakers, Essays on the Rise of the City's Map Trade . Michael P. Conzen, ed. Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists and the Ecology of New England . William Cronon. Mizner's Florida: American Resort Architecture . Donald W. Curl. Geographical Studies on the Soviet Union: Essays in Honor of Chauncy D. Harris . George Demko and Roland J. Fuchs, eds. Fluvial Hydrology . S. Lawrence Dingman. Pueblo Indian Water Rights: Struggle For a Precious Resource . Charles T. DuMars, Marilyn O'Leary and Albert E. Utton. Women in the Cities of Asia: Migration and Urban Adaptation . James T. Fawcett, Siew-Ean Khoo, and Peter C. Smith, eds. America's National Parks and Their Keepers . Ronald A. Foresta. Neighborhood Revitalization and the Postindustrial City . Dennis E. Gale. China in Canada: A Dialogue on Resources and Development . R. Louis Gentilcore, ed. China: The 80s Era . Norton Ginsburg and Bernard A. Lalor, eds. Boulder, CO: Global Resources: Challenges of Interdependence . Martin I. Glassner, ed. River Networks . Texas: A Geography . Terry G. Jordan with John L. Bean, Jr. and William M. Holmes. The American Frontier: An Archaeological Study of Settlement Pattern and Process . Kenneth E. Lewis. Water Resources, Geography and Law . Olen Paul Matthews. A Field Guide to American Houses . Virginia and Lee McAlester. Population: Patterns, Dynamics, and Prospects . James L. Newman and Gordon E. Matzke. Wood, Brick, and Stone, The North American Settlement Landscape, Vol. 1: Houses . Allen G. Noble. Historical Analysis in Geography . William Norton. The Displaced Worker and Community Response: Case Study of Portsmouth, Scioto County, Ohio . H. Milton Patton and Janet W. Patton. Disaster Management: Warning Response and Community Relocation . Ronald W. Perry and Alvin H. Muskatel. The Anthropology of Space: Explorations into the Natural Philosophy and Semantics of the Navajo . Rik Pinxten, Ingrid van Dooren, and Frank Harvey. What STYLE Is It? A Guide To American Architecture . John C. Poppeliers, S. Allen Chambers, Jr., and Nancy B. Schwartz. Appalachia: A Regional Geography—Land, People and Development . Karl Raitz and Richard Ulack. An Introduction to Urban Geography . John R. Short. Ford, A Village in the West Highlands of Scotland: A Case Study of Repopulation and Social Change in a Small Community . John B. Stephenson. Income and Jobs: USA Diagnosing the Reality . George Sternlieb and James W. Hughes. Weather and Climate of the Antarctic . W. Schwerdtfeger. History and Ecology: Studies of the Grassland, James C. Malin . Robert P. Swierenga, ed. Optimal Control of Spatial Systems . K. C. Tan and R. J. Bennett. Social Science and Revolutions . Stan Taylor. The Global Textile Industry . Brian Toyne, Jeffrey S. Arpan, David A. Ricks, Terence A. Shimp and Andy Barnett. Integrated Water Development: Water Use and Conservation Practice in Western Colorado . James L. Wescoat, Jr. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Maps and Graphics for the Visually Handicapped . Joseph W. Wiedel, ed.  相似文献   

A seismic refraction experiment in the Tyrrhenian Sea     

J. Duschenes  M. C. Sinha  K. E. Louden 《Geophysical Journal International》1986,85(1):139-160

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Error sources of precipitation measurements using electronic weight systems   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B. Sevruk  B. Chvíla   《Atmospheric Research》2005,77(1-4):39

Liquid precipitation amounts below 0.05 mm in combination with intervals of measurement greater than 3 min and temperature above 15 °C can considerably affect the measured precipitation using electronic weighing gauges. This was shown by tests using different weights put in the gauge in different intervals in order to simulate different precipitation amounts and measuring intervals. These results were confirmed by field intercomparison measurements using pit gauges in two locations in Slovakia. In total, 1571 weight tests consisting of combinations of simulated precipitation amounts of 0.025, 0.05, 0.2 mm and measuring intervals of 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 min were carried out. Based on these tests and special software, a new gauge was developed. Using this gauge, the abovementioned error sources were minimized. The Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute now uses it at 90 gauge sites. This type of gauge was selected to participate in the current World Meteorological Organization, WMO, Intercomparison measurements of recording precipitation gauges.  相似文献   

Jake Hancock: reminiscences     

J.A. Lees  J.R. Young 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2006,117(2):125-127

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POI数据在中国城市研究中的应用   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张景奇  史文宝  修春亮 《地理科学》2021,41(1):140-148

兴趣点（Point of Interest,POI）数据的兴起带动了城市研究的革新。为梳理中国POI数据在城市研究的应用进展,阶段性总结其应用方向、数据分析方法及尚存不足,并为未来POI数据在中国城市发展中的应用提供思路和借鉴。应用CiteSpace工具对中国知网2010—2019年625篇相关文献进行知识图谱分析,结合分析结果对POI数据应用方向和数据分析方法进行梳理总结。结果表明:时间上,国内应用POI数据进行城市研究的文献在2013年后大量涌现,2017年呈现爆发式增长;应用上,主要用于城市功能区划分、城市中心区和边界识别、查明业态集聚分布以及兴趣点推荐4个方面;方法上,常用的有核密度分析、DBSCAN聚类分析和空间自相关分析3类。研究表明,POI地理大数据是一种研究城市发展的有效数据,有助于研究者深入了解城市的空间结构、分布格局和发展规律,未来可进一步与机器学习等算法结合,为城市外部扩张和内部功能结构调整在更长期的发展上提供一个决策分析手段,但POI数据尚无法代替面数据,研究时也要充分考虑到公众认知度高低对研究的影响。  相似文献   

MapSUV系统在惠民县土地勘测定界中的应用     

张轶  李明华  曹延村  刘志勇 《山东地质》2008,(6):38-39

该文介绍了土地勘测定界的专业背景知识及MapSUV的相关信息,阐述了MapSUV系统在惠民县土地勘测定界的应用,以及外业获取数据及内业处理的主要工作方法,最后对该系统在土地勘测定界中的应用前景进行了展望。  相似文献