青海地区中强地震震源过程的宽频带资料分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高原  吴忠良 《中国地震》1998,14(1):14-20

１９８８年至１９９０年,青海地区发生了４次震级大于６．０的地震,本文利用全球数字地震台网（ＧＤＳＮ）的宽频带波形资料,通过波形模拟,结合地质结造的背影资料对这几个地震的震源破裂和发震构造背景进行了研究。通过台站的视震源时间函数（ａＳＴＦ）和视时间差（ａＴＤ）的分析,特别对震源的复杂性进行了讨论。本文的研究从震源分析的角度进一步支持了青藏高原东北部构造应力的压力轴为接的水平的ＮＥ方向,而随着向青藏高  相似文献   

逾渗与岩石破裂的计算机模拟研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

彭自正  王殚业  许云廷  牛志仁 《地震工程学报》1996,18(1):22-28,26

用计算机模拟方法研究了岩石破裂的逾渗模型，给出了在微裂隙随机分布情况下破裂集团的分布图象、破裂集团的大小分布规律、总破裂集团数、集团平均大小、ｂ值、逾渗分维Ｄ及临界情形。所得结果与其他模型和实验基本一致，表明通渗模型是描述岩石破裂扩展演化过程的一种较合适的模型。还发现了岩石破裂过程存在的两个转折点，深入研究这两个转折点附近岩石的宏观性质，可为探索地震孕育演化过程的前兆性质提供依据。  相似文献   

较大地震破裂尺度的一种简单估算   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

高原 《地震》1996,16(4):377-383

通过对各向同性均匀介质中两个点源的波形传播的几何性质的分析，提出对较大地震的破裂尺度的估计，可以采用多个子事件的模拟，根据接收台站得到的子事件的视时间差的分布特征，判断震源的实际破裂方向和破裂尺度，甚至仅仅根据宽频带Ｐ波（组）的波形宽度就可进行近似的估算。  相似文献   

Modelling of ground acceleration in the near source range: the case of 1976, Friuli earthquake (M = 6.5), northern Italy     

Aldo Zollo  Antonella Bobbio  Antonio Emolo  André Herrero  Giuseppe De Natale 《Journal of Seismology》1997,1(4):305-319

A mixed statistical-deterministic model of earthquake rupture is developed for evaluating the strong ground motion in the near source range (receiver distance comparable to the fault length). The source parametrization is based on the k-square model and the propagation is computed by asymptotic Green's functions. The method is applied to the case of 1976, Friuli earthquake (M = 6.5) in northern Italy which occurred on a low-dip thrusting fault. Acceleration records at 29 stations are computed for 100 simulations of rupture histories. The mean value map of peak ground accelerations shows clearly a maximum to the south due to the inner geometry and directivity of the source. The variation of the estimated PGA versus the epicentral distance is strongly dependent on azimuth and is not decreasing monotonically. The comparison of these curves with those predicted by empirical acceleration–distance relationships shows discrepancies in the near source distance range. This study shows the importance of considering the complexity of the source rupture process for strong motion estimate in the near source range.  相似文献   

Ruptures of deep-focus earthquakes in the north-western Pacific and their implications on seismogenesis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mary Ann Glennon  Wang-Ping Chen 《Geophysical Journal International》1995,120(3):706-720

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Large earthquake doublets and fault plane heterogeneity in the northern Solomon Islands subduction zone     

Zhengyu Xu  Susan Y. Schwartz 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1993,140(2):365-390

In the Solomon Islands and New Britain subduction zones, the largest earthquakes commonly occur as pairs with small separation in time, space and magnitude. This doublet behavior has been attributed to a pattern of fault plane heterogeneity consisting of closely spaced asperities such that the failure of one asperity triggers slip in adjacent asperities. We analyzed body waves of the January 31, 1974,M _w =7.3, February 1, 1974,M _w =7.4, July 20, 1975 (1437)M _w =7.6 and July 20, 1975 (1945),M _w =7.3 doublet events using an iterative, multiple station inversion technique to determine the spatio-temporal distribution of seismic moment release associated with these events. Although the 1974 doublet has smaller body wave moments than the 1975 events, their source histories are more complicated, lasting over 40 seconds and consisting of several subevents located near the epicentral regions. The second 1975 event is well modeled by a simple point source initiating at a depth of 15 km and rupturing an approximate 20 km region about the epicenter. The source history of the first 1975 event reveals a westerly propagating rupture, extending about 50 km from its hypocenter at a depth of 25 km. The asperities of the 1975 events are of comparable size and do not overlap one another, consistent with the asperity triggering hypothesis. The relatively large source areas and small seismic moments of the 1974 doublet events indicate failure of weaker portions of the fault plane in their epicentral regions. Variations in the roughness of the bathymetry of the subducting plate, accompanying subduction of the Woodlark Rise, may be responsible for changes in the mechanical properties of the plate interface.To understand how variations in fault plane coupling and strength affect the interplate seismicity pattern, we relocated 85 underthrusting earthquakes in the northern Solomon Islands Are since 1964. Relatively few smaller magnitude underthrusting events overlap the Solomon Islands doublet asperity regions, where fault coupling and strength are inferred to be the greatest. However, these asperity regions have been the sites of several previous earthquakes withM _s 7.0. The source regions of the 1974 doublet events, which we infer to be mechanically weak, contain many smaller magnitude events but have not generated any otherM _s 7.0 earthquakes in the historic past. The central portion of the northern Solomon Islands Arc between the two largest doublet events in 1971 (studied in detail bySchwartz et al., 1989a) and 1975 contains the greatest number of smaller magnitude underthrusting earthquakes. The location of this small region sandwiched between two strongly coupled portions of the plate interface suggest that it may be the site of the next large northern Solomon Islands earthquake. However, this region has experienced no known earthquakes withM _s 7.0 and may represent a relatively aseismic portion of the subduction zone.  相似文献   

Near‐fault spatial variation in strong ground motion due to rupture directivity and hanging wall effects from the Chi‐Chi,Taiwan earthquake     

Khosrow T. Shabestari  Fumio Yamazaki 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(14):2197-2219

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近场强地震动模拟中对破裂的方向性效应和上盘效应的表达.   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

陶夏新  王国新 《地震学报》2003,25(2):191-198

为了模拟近场强地震动，采用了基于有限断层模型的一种随机合成方法．震源破裂面被剖分成一定数量的子源，总的地震矩分成数量更多的子震的矩．一给定子源中一次子震引起的场地地震动的傅氏谱，通过考虑点源的谱、随着距离的衰减、能量耗散及近地表效应等导出．据此幅值谱和一个随机相位谱，并与一个时程包络函数结合，合成一个子震时程．将各子源中各个子震引起的所有时程叠加，得出场地的地震动时程．叠加中，各子震时程之间的时滞，据子震发震时差和子源至场地的距离差别引起的时差确定．对一个设定地震，选用4个断层面倾角，计算了近场21个地点的地震动．结果表明，本文方法可以很好地表达破裂的方向性效应和上盘效应．为了验证方法的可靠性，对1994年美国北岭地震中3个近断层台站MCN，LV3和PCD模拟的地震动与实际记录的加速度反应谱和时程作了比较．   相似文献   

伽师强震群震源破裂特征的初步分析   总被引：21，自引：5，他引：21       下载免费PDF全文

单新建  何玉梅  朱燕  马宝柱  张桂芳  杨成荣 《地球物理学报》2002,45(3):416-425

为深入研究1997年新疆伽师地区连续发生的强震群的震源破裂特征,利用全球数字地震台网(GDSN)宽频带数字资料及区域台网资料,较详细地研究了伽师强震群的震源机制及震源破裂特征.结果表明:伽师强震群的震源机制解主要有走滑和正倾两种破裂类型,其共同特点是主压应力轴方向沿北北东向,主张应力轴沿北西向,与区域构造应力场方向存在差异,具有明显局部特征;从震源破裂特征来看,伽师强震的滑动尺度、上升时间和持续时间均较小,震源破裂面积不大,是由一点向四周快速扩散的脆性破裂,无明显伸展方向;伽师强震群的破裂断层面为北东向,与震源深度梯度变化带、地壳接触变形梯度变化带、等烈度线以及地震扩展方向吻合;伽师强震群是在近南北向挤压环境下,在震源区附近剪切和张扭应力作用下发生的多次沿北东向的脆性快速破裂,从而造成了伽师强震群以张性破裂和左旋走滑为主的震源特征.  相似文献   

Rupture directivity effect on strong ground motion during the 12 May 2008 MW7.9 Wenchuan earthquake          下载免费PDF全文

Zhao An  Jun-Ju Xie  Yong Zhang  Xiao-Jun Li  Zeng-Ping Wen 《地震科学（英文版）》2021,34(3):234-245

We focus here on the rupture directivity effect on the spatial distribution and attenuation characteristics of near-field ground motions during the 2008 MW7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. We examine the difference between the observed ground motions in and opposite the rupture directions and compare them with Next Generation Attenuation-West2 (NGA-West2) ground motion prediction models. The isochrone directivity predictor is used to quantify the band-limited nature of the rupture directivity effect on strong ground motion. Our results show that the observed peak ground velocity (PGV) and spectral accelerations of periods of 1.0 s and longer are significantly amplified in the rupture direction, but de-amplified in the opposite direction affected by rupture directivity effect of this event. In contrast, the effect of rupture directivity on the observed peak ground acceleration (PGA) and periods of shorter than 1.0 s are relatively weak. The rupture directivity of this event shows clear period dependent and band limited characteristics with the strongest effect occurring around the period of 7.5 s.  相似文献