GPS在湖南1：20万区域重力调查中的应用     

羊春华 《湖南地质》2001,20(2):135-138

GPS是现代高科技，它采用微型接收机，可以实现快速定位并取得测量点的3维座标。这种新技术在数字化地质、提高找矿效果等方面，应用前景广阔，侧重介绍了ASHTECH GPS接收机在区域重力调查中，怎样建立基准站与流动观测站、数据的传输与预处理和测量点3维座标的换算，以及应用数据自动生成布格异常等值线图。这项新技术的使用完全可以满足1：20万区域重力调查的精度要求。  相似文献   

Properties of the aftershocks sequences of the 2000 and 2002 earthquakes in Aksehir-Afyon graben,west-central Anatolia,Turkey     

Naside Ozer  Yildiz Altinok  Savas Ceylan 《Natural Hazards》2007,40(3):553-562

The b-value of the Gutenberg–Richter’s frequency–magnitude relation and the p-value of the modified Omori law, which describes the decay rate of aftershock activity, were investigated for more than 500 aftershocks in the Aksehir-Afyon graben (AAG) following the 15 December 2000 Sultandagi–Aksehir and the 3 February 2002 Çay–Eber and Çobanlar earthquakes. We used the Kandilli Observatory’s catalog, which contains records of aftershocks with magnitudes ≥2.5. For the Çobanlar earthquake, the estimated b-values for three aftershock sequences are in the range 0.34 ≤  b ≤ 2.85, with the exception of the one that occurred during the first hour (4.77), while the obtained p-values are in the range 0.44 ≤ p ≤ 1.77. The aftershocks of the Sultandagi earthquake have a high p-value, indicating fast decay of the aftershock activity. A regular increase of b can be observed, with b < 1.0 after 0.208 days for the Çay–Eber earthquake. A systematic and similar increase and decrease pattern exists for the b- and p-values of the Çobanlar earthquakes during the first 5 days.  相似文献   

北京同步辐射装置准直测量控制网的设计与优化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

柯明  殷立新  董岚  黄开席  韩庆夫  盛伟繁 《测绘科学》2007,32(2):122-124

在北京同步辐射装置升级改造中,为提高元件的安装精度,同时兼顾未来新增光束线的建设需要,在实验大厅建立了准直测量控制网,作为设备定位、调校、安装和变形监测等工作的基础。本文重点介绍该控制网的设计、优化与观测结果分析,特别阐述了激光精密测量技术的应用,以及对点位密度、测量精度及可靠性的控制。  相似文献   

JX4系统处理数码相机影像方法研究     

张建霞  王留召  王宝山 《测绘科学》2007,32(3):160-161

非量测性的数码相机影像已成为摄影测量中应用研究的热点。本文提出了利用数字影像重采样实现数字摄影测量工作站(JX4)处理非量测性数码影像的理论与方法,并通过具体试验加以验证。试验结果表明,该方法可实现非量测数码影像的摄影测量一体化作业。  相似文献   

煤矿巷道自动生成模块的研究与开发     

刘伟  张海荣  余劲松弟 《测绘科学》2007,32(6):128-129

通过对煤矿巷道编码的研究,抽象出巷道的拓扑关系,在分析了煤矿巷道中线算法的基础上,基于SuperMaP Objects和C平台开发出适用于煤矿巷道自动生成的模块,通过本模块,煤矿设计人员只需要输入必要的参数,就可以自动绘制出相应的巷道图,大大减少巷道成图的过程,并提高了精度。  相似文献   

碳酸盐岩早期差异成储路径及其对储集性能的影响:以滨里海盆地N油田石炭系KT-Ⅰ与KT-Ⅱ层系为例^*          下载免费PDF全文

卢家希  谭秀成  金值民  陈烨菲  王淑琴  赵文琪  李长海 《古地理学报》2023,25(1):226-244

以滨里海盆地N油田石炭系KT-Ⅰ与KT-Ⅱ层系碳酸盐岩储集层为例,综合岩心、薄片、扫描电镜、高压压汞、常规物性分析以及各类测试资料,对碳酸盐岩储集层特征以及早期成储路径展开系统研究,并进一步探讨成储路径与储集层孔喉结构和质量的关系。结果表明,KT-Ⅰ层系以云岩类储集层为主,颗粒灰岩次之,其中云岩类储集层以晶间(溶)孔、小型溶洞为主,孔喉连通性好,为高孔—高渗的孔洞型储集层, 而颗粒灰岩类储集层以粒内溶孔、铸模孔及生物体腔孔发育为特征,孔喉连通性差,属中孔—低渗的孔隙型储集层。KT-Ⅱ层系以粒间(溶)孔和生物体腔孔发育的颗粒灰岩为特征,为中高孔—高渗的孔隙型储集层。进一步分析表明,KT-Ⅰ层系云岩与灰岩储集层单旋回厚度小,皆受高频海平面升降变化驱动的早成岩期岩溶的控制, 而KT-Ⅱ层系单旋回厚度大,颗粒滩未经历早期岩溶的改造。 3类储集层的成储路径分别为: (1)KT-Ⅰ云岩类储集层,准同生期白云石化作用导致矿物相转变并使得部分矿物更易遭受溶蚀→早成岩期岩溶作用控制储集层的形成→云岩抗压溶岩石骨架有利于储集层的保护; (2)KT-Ⅰ颗粒灰岩储集层,早成岩期岩溶作用优化储集层→初期压实控制胶结流体通道进而控制胶结作用—粒间孔与粒内孔差异胶结控制储集层的保护; (3)KT-Ⅱ颗粒灰岩储集层,原始沉积环境控制储集层的形成→初期压实与早期胶结作用控制储集层的保护。成储路径差异控制了不同的孔渗特征与孔喉结构,而孔喉结构进一步控制了早期岩溶型云岩、早期岩溶型颗粒灰岩、原生孔保存型颗粒灰岩3种储集层的质量。研究结果将为具类似特征的碳酸盐岩储集层成因分析提供参考,也因发现了云岩较灰岩更易早期溶蚀的现象而具有较为重要的岩溶地质学意义。  相似文献   

From foredeep to orogenic wedge-top: The Cretaceous Songliao retroforeland basin,China     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(3):101527

Songliao Basin, the largest Mesozoic intracontinental nonmarine basin in eastern China, initiated during the latest Jurassic as a backarc extensional basin; rifting failed and thermal cooling controlled subsidence through the early Late Cretaceous. Integrating 2-D and 3D reflection seismic and borehole data with regional geological studies, we interpret sedimentary sequence and structural patterns of the Coniacian-Maastrichtian fill of Songliao Basin as defining a retroforeland basin system developed after 88 Ma (marked by the T11 unconformity in the basin), including (1) significant increase in the thickness of the Nenjiang Formation eastward towards orogenic highlands of the Zhangguangcai Range and the convergent continental margin; (2) a shift of detrital provenance in the basin from north to southeast; and (3) propagation of E-W shortened structures, increasing eastward in amplitude, frequency, and degree of inversion toward the orogen. During latest Cretaceous, foreland basin fill progressively deformed, as the foredeep evolved to a wedge-top tectonic setting, marked by the basin-wide T04 unconformity within the upper Nenjiang Formation at 81.6 Ma. Much of the basin was brought into the orogenic wedge and eroded by the end of the Cretaceous. Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous backarc rifting of uncratonized basement comprised of accreted terranes likely facilitated and localized the foreland. Synrift normal faults reactivated and extensively inverted as thrust faults are prominent in the eastern 1/3 of the basin, whereas folds developed above detachments in shaley early post-rift strata dominate the western 2/3 of the basin. Songliao foreland development likely was driven by changing plate dynamics and collision along the Pacific margin after 88 Ma.  相似文献   

Formation and evolution of the South China Sea since the Late Mesozoic: A review     

《China Geology》2023,6(1):154-167

The existing genetic models of the South China Sea (SCS) include an extrusion model of the Indochina Peninsula, a back-arc extension model, and a subduction and dragging model of the Proto-South China Sea (PSCS). However, none of these models has been universally accepted because they do not fully match a large number of geological phenomena and facts. By examining the regional tectonics and integrating them with measured data for the SCS, in this study, a back-arc spreading-sinistral shear model is proposed. It is suggested that the SCS is a back-arc basin formed by northward subduction of the PSCS and its formation was triggered by left-lateral strike-slip motion due to the northward drift of the Philippine Sea Plate. The left-lateral strike-slip fault on the western margin caused by the Indo-Eurasian collision changed the direction of the Southwest Sub-basin’s spreading axis from nearly E–W to NE–SW, and subduction retreat caused the spreading ridge to jump southward. This study summarizes the evolution of the SCS and adjacent regions since the Late Mesozoic.©2023 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

A comparative study of the main factors controlling geohazards induced by 10 strong earthquakes in Western China since the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008     

《China Geology》2023,6(1):70-84

Determining the main controlling factors of earthquake-triggered geohazards is a prerequisite for studying earthquake geohazards and post-disaster emergency response. By studying these factors, the geomorphic and geological factors controlling the nature, condition, and distribution of earthquake-induced geohazards can be analyzed. Such insights facilitate earthquake disaster prediction and emergency response planning. The authors combined field investigations and spatial data analysis to examine geohazards induced by seismic events, examining ten earthquakes including the Wenchuan, Yushu, Lushan events, to elucidate the main control factors of seismic geohazard. The authors observed that seismic geohazard occurrence is usually affected by many factors, among which active nature of the seismogenic fault, seismic peak ground acceleration (PGA), topographic slope and geomorphic height differences, and distance from the fault zone and river system are the most important. Compared with strike-slip earthquakes, thrust earthquakes induce more high-altitude and high-speed remote landslides, which can cause great harm. Slopes of 0°–40° are prone to secondary seismic geohazards, which are mainly concentrated 0–6 km from the river system. Secondary geohazards are not only related to seismogenic fault but also influenced by the associated faults in the earthquake area. The maximum seismic PGA and secondary seismic geohazard number are positively correlated, and the horizontal and vertical ground motions play leading and promoting roles in secondary geohazard formation, respectively. Through the research, the spatial distribution of seismic geohazards is predicted, providing a basis for the formulation of emergency response plans following disasters.©2023 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

Potential seismic landslide hazard and engineering effect in the Ya’an-Linzhi section of the Sichuan-Tibet transportation corridor,China     

《China Geology》2023,6(2):228-240

The Sichuan-Tibet transportation corridor is located at the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where the complex topography and geological conditions, developed geo-hazards have severely restricted the planning and construction of major projects. For the long-term prevention and early control of regional seismic landslides, based on analyzing seismic landslide characteristics, the Newmark model was used to carry out the potential seismic landslide hazard assessment with a 50-year beyond probability 10%. The results show that the high seismic landslide hazard is mainly distributed along large active tectonic belts and deep-cut river canyons, and are significantly affected by the active tectonics. The low seismic landslide hazard is mainly distributed in the flat terrain such as the Quaternary basins, broad river valleys, and plateau planation planes. The major east-west linear projects mainly pass through five areas with high seismic landslide hazard: Luding-Kangding section, Yajiang-Xinlong (Yalong river) section, Batang-Baiyu (Jinsha river) section, Basu (Nujiang river) section, and Bomi-Linzhi (eastern Himalaya syntaxis) section. The seismic action of the Bomi-Linzhi section can also induce high-risk geo-hazard chains such as the high-level glacial lake breaks and glacial debris flows. The early prevention of seismic landslides should be strengthened in the areas with high seismic landslide hazard.©2023 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献