Numerical simulation of dynamic soil–structure interaction in shaking table testing     

Dimitris Pitilakis  Matt Dietz  David Muir Wood  Didier Clouteau  Arezou Modaressi 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2008,28(6):453-467

This paper provides an insight into the numerical simulation of soil–structure interaction (SSI) phenomena studied in a shaking table facility. The shaking table test is purposely designed to confirm the ability of the numerical substructure technique to simulate the SSI phenomenon. A model foundation–structure system with strong SSI potential is embedded in a dry bed of sand deposited within a purpose designed shaking-table soil container. The experimental system is subjected to a strong ground motion. The numerical simulation of the complete soil–foundation–structure system is conducted in the linear viscoelastic domain using the substructure approach. The matching of the experimental and numerical responses in both frequency and in time domain is satisfying. Many important aspects of SSI that are apparent in the experiment are captured by the numerical simulation. Furthermore, the numerical modelling is shown to be adequate for practical engineering design purposes.  相似文献   

水平螺旋度与沙尘暴的动力学关系研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

李岩瑛  张强  李耀辉  孙爱芝  尚宝玉  陈龙泉 《地球物理学报》2008,51(3):692-703

应用2002～2006年高空流场和地面观测资料,计算近地面至500 hPa水平螺旋度的大小.结果表明：水平螺旋度负值中心值越大,500 hPa到近地面风速越大,西风增强,风速垂直切变越大,辐合上升运动越强,形成沙尘暴的强度就越强.水平螺旋度负值中心常常在河西走廊附近最强,导致其下游东南方发生沙尘暴.水平螺旋度负值中心与其下游沙尘暴发生强度有一致的对应关系：当水平螺旋度负值中心≤-200 m²/s²时,未来24小时内该区下游将有沙尘天气出现,当≤-600 m²/s²时,6小时内该区下游将有能见度小于500 m的强沙尘暴天气出现,当≤-1000 m²/s²时,6小时内该区下游将有能见度小于50 m的特强沙尘暴天气出现.  相似文献   

青藏高原地面加热场强度与ENSO循环的关系   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

李栋梁  何金海  汤绪  雷小途  侯依玲 《高原气象》2007,26(1):39-46

分析了近50年青藏高原地面加热场强度距平指数、Ni~no C区海温指数、SOI和印缅槽指数的统计相关,结果表明,ENSO指数和印缅槽指数在月、季时间尺度上具有很好的持续性。青藏高原地面加热场强度距平指数和印缅槽指数与Ni~no C区海温指数存在很好的正相关,与SOI有显著的负相关。由此建立了一个通过印缅槽将ENSO循环与青藏高原地面加热场联系起来,解释西北区东部及河套干旱形成的概念模型。  相似文献   

Preliminary report of the September 5, 2022 MS 6.8 Luding earthquake,Sichuan, China     

《地震研究进展（英文）》2023,3(1):100184

The 2022 M_S 6.8 Luding earthquake is the strongest earthquake in Sichuan Province, Western China, since the 2017 M_S 7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake. It occurred on the Moxi fault in the southeastern segment of the Xianshuihe fault, a tectonically active and mountainous region with severe secondary earthquake disasters. To better understand the seismogenic mechanism and provide scientific support for future hazard mitigation, we summarize the preliminary results of the Luding earthquake, including seismotectonic background, seismicity and mainshock source characteristics and aftershock properties, and direct and secondary damage associated with the mainshock. The peak ground displacements in the NS and EW directions observed by the nearest GNSS station SCCM are ～35 mm and ～55 mm, respectively, resulting in the maximum coseismic dislocation of 20 mm along the NWW direction, which is consistent with the sinistral slip on the Xianshuihe fault. Back-projection of teleseismic P waves suggest that the mainshock rupture propagated toward south-southeast. The seismic intensity of the mainshock estimated from the back-projection results indicates a Mercalli scale of VIII or above near the ruptured area, consistent with the results from instrumental measurements and field surveys. Numerous aftershocks were reported, with the largest being M_S 4.5. Aftershock locations (up to September 18, 2022) exhibit 3 clusters spanning an area of 100 km long and 30 km wide. The magnitude and rate of aftershocks decreased as expected, and the depths became shallower with time. The mainshock and two aftershocks show left-lateral strike-slip focal mechanisms. For the aftershock sequence, the b-value from the Gutenberg-Richter frequency-magnitude relationship, h-value, and p-value for Omori’s law for aftershock decay are 0.81, 1.4, and 1.21, respectively, indicating that this is a typical mainshock-aftershock sequence. The low b-value implies high background stress in the hypocenter region. Analysis from remote sensing satellite images and UAV data shows that the distribution of earthquake-triggered landslides was consistent with the aftershock area. Numerous small-size landslides with limited volumes were revealed, which damaged or buried the roads and severely hindered the rescue process.  相似文献   

3-D Simulation Study on Seismic Response of Bridge Piles in Landslide     

Hou Chaoping  Liu Qi 《中国地震研究》2018,32(3):425-434

The anti-slide support structure is widely used in the anti-seismic reinforcement of bridge foundations, but related experimental research was processing slowly. Based on the prototype of the Jiuzhaigou bridge at the Chengdu-Lanzhou Railway, a 3-D simulation model was established on the basis of the shaking table model test, and the rationality of the dynamic analysis model was verified by indicators such as the bending moment of the bridge piles, peak soil pressure, and PGA amplification factors. The results show that the inertia force of the bridge pier has an important influence on the deformation of the pile foundation. The bending moment and shearing force are larger in lateral bridge piles, and the maximum value is near the pile top. The PGA amplification factor is stronger in the back of the rear anti-slide piles and so is it in front of the bridge pier, and the soil is prone to slip and damage. The bedrock is rigid and the dynamic response is maintained at a low level. The anti-slide piles in the rear row play a major role in the anti-seismic reinforcement design, and the anti-slide piles in the front row can be used as an auxiliary support structure.  相似文献   

Comparison of Computational Methods for Instrumental Intensities Using the M_S7.0 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake Data     

Li Min  Li Xiaojun 《中国地震研究》2018,32(2):200-211

After the occurrence of an earthquake, strong motion observation networks can record ground motion at distributed observation stations. Based on the ground motion parameters from these records, the spatial distribution of seismic intensity can be quickly determined, and the degree of damage in different areas can be estimated. This information provides the technical basis for the emergency response, so as to ensure that rescue teams can reach extreme earthquake areas and carry out the search and rescue operation in an accurate and timely manner to reduce casualties and property loss. In this paper, we introduced 7 intensity algorithms and compared the results with the records of the Jiuzhaigou M_S7.0 earthquake. We found that the differences between the instrumental intensities calculated by each method and the macro intensities were within a 1-degree range, which suggested good practicality of these different methods. The results calculated by the industrial standards-based calculation method and the integrated test showed good consistency.  相似文献   

2017年四川九寨沟M_S 7.0地震的强地面运动模拟     

丁阳  王国新  杨福剑 《震灾防御技术》2018,13(3):578-587

2017年8月8日发生的九寨沟M_S 7.0地震,是中国近10年来发生的强震之一,造成了大量建筑破坏、人员伤亡和经济损失,强震台网记录到的最大峰值加速度为0.19g。本文采用Wang等(2015)提出的改进有限断层法模拟了这次地震中部分台站的加速度时程。首先,选取合适的震源模型和输入参数,通过对比模拟结果和地震记录,估计这次地震的应力降大约为4.0MPa,与王宏伟等(2017)的分析结果基本一致。与EXSIM(Motazedian等,2005)方法相比,Wang等(2015)的方法得到的结果在频域上与实际地震记录更相符。同时,合成了强震台站以及断层附近网格点的加速度时程,模拟结果的时程和反应谱与实际记录整体上较为符合,震中附近的PGA分布与震中烈度区基本一致,验证了本文结果的有效性。本文合成的地震动可以为该地区的灾后抗震设计提供一定依据。  相似文献   

Study of Shaking Table Test on Dynamic Response Characteristics and Failure Mechanism of the Loess Slope   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

PU Xiaowu  WANG Lanmin  WANG Ping  CHAI Shaofeng  XU Shiyang 《中国地震研究》2020,34(1):121-135

The natural loess that covers the ground surface has good stability due to its low water content. However, when violent earthquakes occur, the strong dynamic stress generated in the slope may induce landslide disasters with different sizes. In this paper, a large-scale shaking table model test is used to reveal the dynamic response and instability failure process of the loess slope. The test results show that different parts of the slope have different vibration characteristics and the first natural frequency in the model increases with the increase of the slope height. The response acceleration of different parts may change due to the coupling relationship between the spectral characteristics of input wave and the natural frequencies of different parts of slope, suggesting the characteristics of regional differential dynamic response. Under the condition of different dynamic response, stress state and boundary conditions of different parts of slope, a rapid microstructural damage, cumulative residual deformation evolution, and tension-shear coupling instability failure process may appear at the top of the slope with the strong dynamic response associated with the increase of dynamic loading intensity. The S_d values presented in this paper may reflect soil damage and slope instability and failure.  相似文献   

The Shaking Table Test on the Performance of Cement-mixed Piles in Liquefiable Railway Foundations     

ZHAO Mengyi  XIE Qiang  CAO Xinwen  ZHAO Wen 《中国地震研究》2019,33(1):120-131

Cement-mixed piles, as countermeasure against liquefaction of silt and sand ground, can improve the shear strength and bearing capacity of foundation soil, meaning cement-mixed piles are capable of resisting displacement when an earthquake happens. However, investigations of cement-mixed piles by experimental methods such as the shaking table test is few and far between. It is especially true for the seismic performance of cement-mixed piles in liquefiable railway foundations in high seismic intensity regions. To this end, a cross-section of the Yuxi-Mengzi railway was selected as the prototype and studied by the shaking table test in this study. The results showed that composite foundation of cement-mixed piles was not liquefied when the seismic acceleration was lower than 0.30g. In the process of acceleration increasing from 0.30g at 2Hz to 0.60g at 3Hz, the upper middle silt outside slope toe was partly liquefied. The foundation soil under the shoulders and center of subgrade was far from the initial liquefaction criterion during the test. Cement-mixed piles can effectively reduce the embankment settlement and differential settlement. It can be concluded that, the design of cement-mixed piles can ensure the seismic performance of the subgrade, and satisfy the seismic design requirements of the Yuxi-Mengzi railway in areas of VⅢ degrees seismic fortification intensity.  相似文献   

Shaking Table Tests on Bridge Foundation Reinforced by Anti-slide Piles on Slope     

ZHOU Heng  SU Qian  LIU Jie  YUE Fei 《中国地震研究》2019,33(3):514-524

Based on the requirement of seismic reinforcement of bridge foundation on slope in the Chengdu-Lanzhou railway project, a shaking table model test of anti-slide pile protecting bridge foundation in landslide section is designed and completed. By applying Wenchuan seismic waves with different acceleration peaks, the stress and deformation characteristics of bridge pile foundation and anti-slide pile are analyzed, and the failure mode is discussed. Results show that the dynamic response of bridge pile and anti-slide pile are affected by the peak value of seismic acceleration of earthquake, with which the stress and deformation of the structure increase. The maximum dynamic earth pressure and the moment of anti-slide piles are located near the sliding surface, while that of bridge piles are located at the top of the pile. Based on the dynamic response of structure, local reinforcement needs to be carried out to meet the requirement of the seismic design. The PGA amplification factor of the surface is greater than the inside, and it decreases with the increase of the input seismic acceleration peak. When the slope failure occurs, the tension cracks are mainly produced in the shallow sliding zone and the coarse particles at the foot of the slope are accumulated.  相似文献