地震前兆研究的某些新进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯德益 《国际地震动态》1996,(8):9-14

本文简要介绍了当前国际上在地震前兆研究方面取得的某些新进展。所介绍的前兆类别包括测震学前兆中的地震活动时空强分布特征、地震活动波与形变波、地震波特征量、高频地脉动、慢地震与“前兆波”,以及非测震学前兆中的应力与应变、地磁场与宇宙辐射、臭氧、重力脉冲、天体运动与电离层等。  相似文献   

北部湾6.1,6.2级地震前地磁,气象异常初析     

吴德珍  陈晖 《华南地震》1996,16(3):53-57

探讨了北部湾地震地磁和气象的异常现象,初步结果表明,震前几个月至数天,地磁垂直分量的相关系数ｒ值,特征线斜率Ｋ值以及Ｚ日变形态双低点位移先后出现短临异常,气象因子分析结果表明,年雨量一阶差分大于４００ｍｍ可作为５级以上地震的年度预报参考指标。震前数月,－３．２ｍ的地温年变形态出现畸变。  相似文献   

Theoretical mean wave resistance of precursor soliton generation of single-layer flow     

徐肇廷  史峰岩  楼顺里  Samuel Shan-pu SHEN 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1996,14(4):330-336

Theoretical mean wave resistance and regional division of the energy of single-layer flow over topogra-phy is studied at the near-resonant region in the weakly nonlinear, long wave limit. The theoretical meanwave resistance is determined in terms of the 1st and 2nd conservation laws of the fKdV equation. It isproved by the asymptotic mean method that the theoretical mean wave resistance depends only on the intensityand moving velocity of the topography. The theoretical results of this paper are in good agreement withnumerical calculations. Comparisons between the theoretical and numerical results showed that the theoryof the present paper holds for any small compact topography.  相似文献   

1989年11月2日宁夏固原5.3级地震序列特征及前兆异常     

陈素改 《地震研究》1991,14(3):223-231

本文分析了1989年11月2日宁夏固原5.3级地震前后的地震活动,井分析了其序列特征,判定此震为孤立型地震。本文最后介绍了几起震前认识到的前兆观测资料异常现象。  相似文献   

Some properties of unstable slip on rough surfaces     

Hartmut Spetzler  Guennadi Sobolev  Anatoli Koltsov  Arno Zang  Ivan C. Getting 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1991,137(1-2):95-112

In this paper we report results obtained from various friction experiments under direct and oblique shear loading conditions. We used four rock types of varying brittleness (quartzite, anhydrite, limestone, pyrophyllite) with different surface roughness. The observations concentrate on the time span several milliseconds before dynamic failure occurs. During this period a premonitory, unstable phase of slip (slip 2) occurs. This differs importantly from a premonitory, stable process (slip 1) with durations of hundreds of seconds. On smooth surfaces slip 2 is usually observed with ductile rocks and less reliably with brittle rocks. Slip 2 is mostly accompanied by acoustic emissions, which increase in rate of occurrence and in magnitude until the stick-slip event. Foreshocks are observed during approximately 50% of the slip 2 events on rough surfaces. Foreshocks far exceed the acoustic noise level, which is also prevalent before stick-slip events on rough surfaces. In the direct shear experiment, where two faults are being loaded simultaneously, in about 20% of the cases precursory slip 2 was observed on the opposite side on which the final stick-slip event occurred.  相似文献   

Influence of slow active faults in probabilistic seismic hazard assessment: the northwestern margin of the València trough     

Hector Perea  Kuvvet Atakan 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(3):379-396

Areas of low strain rate are typically characterized by low to moderate seismicity. The earthquake catalogs for these regions do not usually include large earthquakes because of their long recurrence periods. In cases where the recurrence period of large earthquakes is much longer than the catalog time span, probabilistic seismic hazard is underestimated. The information provided by geological and paleo-seismological studies can potentially improve seismic hazard estimation through renewal models, which assume characteristic earthquakes. In this work, we compare the differences produced when active faults in the northwestern margin of the València trough are introduced in hazard analysis. The differences between the models demonstrate that the introduction of faults in zones characterized by low seismic activity can give rise to significant changes in the hazard values and location. The earthquake and fault seismic parameters (recurrence interval, segmentation or fault length that controls the maximum magnitude earthquake and time elapsed since the last event or T_e) were studied to ascertain their effect on the final hazard results. The most critical parameter is the recurrence interval, where shorter recurrences produce higher hazard values. The next most important parameter is the fault segmentation. Higher hazard values are obtained when the fault has segments capable of producing big earthquakes. Finally, the least critical parameter is the time elapsed since the last event (T_e), when longer T_e produces higher hazard values.  相似文献   

Research Development and Perspective on Slow Slip, Tremors, and Slow Earthquakes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wang Yanzhao 《中国地震研究》2007,21(4):355-364

Seismological and geodetic observations indicate that slow slip sometimes occurs in active fault zones beneath the seismogenic depth, and large slow slip can result in transient ground motion. Slow earthquakes, on the other hand, emit tremor-like signals within a narrow frequency band, and usually produce no catastrophic consequences. In general, slow slip and slow earthquakes probably correspond to deformation processes associated with releasing elastic energy in fault zones, and understanding their mechanisms may help improve our understanding of fault zone dynamic processes. This article reviews the research progress on slow slip and slow earthquakes over the last decade. Crustal motion and tremor activities associated with slow slip and slow earthquakes have been investigated extensively, mainly involving locating sources of slow slip and slow earthquakes and numerical modeling of their processes. In the meantime, debates have continued about slow slip and slow earthquakes, such as their origins, relationship, and mechanisms.  相似文献   

地震前兆：电离层F2层异常   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

蔡军涛  陈小斌  赵国泽  詹艳  汤吉 《地球物理学进展》2007,22(3):716-720

本文简述了目前提出的地震引起电离层异常扰动的物理机理，重点介绍了近几年国内外对震前F2层异常扰动的研究进展.大量的研究结果显示地震活动引起的电离层扰动不仅确实存在，而且在震级大于5级的地震发生前的几天到几个小时会发生电离层扰动.由于地震引起的电离层F2层变化具有独一无二的特性，这就意味着我们可以利用强震前的F2层异常变化作为地震短临预报的工具.  相似文献   

大气运动的慢流形概论     

赵南  沈新勇  丁一汇 《地球科学进展》2007,22(4):331-340

从动力学系统的慢流形（slow manifold）的一般概念及数学描述出发，系统地论述了大气运动的慢流形的存在性和一般性质。文中侧重于讨论与大气运动的慢流形密切相关的一些重要问题，包括平衡运动或平衡流的性质以及它对惯性重力波的自发辐射（spontaneous emission）、PV反演理论和应用、与数值模式初始化问题的联系等，并对上述研究领域的研究历史和现状也进行了较为全面的综述，旨在为国内气象界相关方向的研究者提供了解该领域概貌并较快切入具体研究问题的线索。  相似文献   

地震前兆数据库软件的使用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈述新  朱燕 《内陆地震》2003,17(3):252-258

新疆地震前兆台网中心通过远程拨号的方式采集各台点的数字化数据，运用前兆通讯、数据服务等软件实现数据的格式转换、入库及基本数据查询等前兆数据库的各种操作，方便了分析人员的使用。初步建立起地震前兆数据库。  相似文献