湘中及湘东南地区上泥盆统佘田桥组页岩气勘探前景     

李国亮  王先辉  柏道远  罗鹏 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(10):33-37,72

湘中及湘东南地区泥盆纪佘田桥组具有良好的页岩气成藏条件,为页岩气勘探远景区。选取地质条件优越、页岩气特征明显的泥盆纪佘田桥组含气页岩作为主要研究对象,对页岩气储气特征和勘探开发潜力进行了分析。研究表明：含气页岩层分布面积广、有机碳含量高（TOC均值0.61%）、热演化程度高（Ro均值2.71%）,低孔低渗（孔隙度为0.7%,渗透率小于0.04×10^-3μm2）,且吸附能力强。含气页岩层厚度展布在凹陷盆地形成独特的“中心薄边缘厚”格局,结合其成藏特征和物化指数,划分出页岩气潜力较大的四个有利区。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地延川南区块目的煤层含气性分析     

曾凡武  李维  范小俊  胡微雪  李陈 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(6):15-17

为计算鄂尔多斯盆地延川南区块煤层气资源量、甄选有利区带及确定先导性试验井组的部署,对全区探井的煤层含气性进行综合分析。结果显示:区块内煤层气含量为5.54~19.56m3/t;兰氏体积为13.59~33.78m3/t,兰氏压力为2.06~3.72MPa,含气饱和度为41.48%~92.19%;临储压力比为19.18%~84.28%。区块整体含气性显示较好,开发较为有利,其中以包括Y3、Y6等井在内的万宝山构造带为煤层气开发的最有利区带。  相似文献   

重庆涪陵页岩气勘查开发区环境地质调查进展          下载免费PDF全文

朱继良  付杰  王赛  孙建平  马鑫  许模  孙东  陈思 《中国地质调查》2014,6(5):64-73

紧密结合国家非常规能源勘探开发的重大战略,聚焦重庆涪陵页岩气勘查开发区环境地质调查工作,总结了研究区岩溶发育特征与分布规律,评价了涪陵页岩气开发区区域水资源量和地下水质量。在此基础上,收集分析国内外资料,梳理了页岩气勘查开发所引发的6类环境(地质)问题及勘查、钻井、压裂、开采、闭井等5个阶段需关注的地质环境问题或风险等,其中涪陵页岩气勘查开发区主要诱发水土污染、地质灾害和大气污染等环境(地质)问题; 基本识别了2种地下水污染模式、3种污染类型及可能的地下水污染风险途径; 初步确定了涪陵页岩气勘查开发区污染指示性特征因子,并形成了页岩气勘查开发区地质环境影响评价指标体系,可指导页岩气勘查开发的环境地质调查。该研究为页岩气国家新型清洁能源的绿色开发和开发区生态文明建设提供支撑。  相似文献   

长江经济带岩盐矿特征与盐穴储库适宜性评价          下载免费PDF全文

刘红樱  姜月华  杨国强  金阳  杨辉  周权平 《中国地质调查》2014,6(5):89-98

长江经济带包括上海、江苏、浙江、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南、四川、重庆、云南和贵州11个省(直辖市),是我国重要的经济发展区域,油气资源长期安全可靠的储存对于该区经济可持续发展至关重要。基于长江经济带战略油气储库基地建设规划布局的需求,在充分收集利用前人地质调查和研究成果的基础上,对区内岩盐矿床进行了综合研究和分析,建立了层次结构模型,评价了盐穴油气储库建设的可行性。长江经济带除上海和贵州外,其余9省(直辖市)均发现了大量的岩盐矿床,主要成盐时代为震旦纪、三叠纪、白垩纪和古近纪; 成盐盆地范围0.29~10 000 km²,盐层累计厚度3~1 050 m,矿体埋藏深度40~3 400 m; 矿石中NaCl含量20%~99.86%; 矿体顶底板及夹层岩石主要为泥岩、粉砂质泥岩及泥质粉砂岩。地质调查揭示出区内大部分地下盐穴远离地震活动带,构造稳定,因此可以改造为石油储库。考虑储气库的密闭性及安全性,江苏金坛盆地等6个盐矿埋深适中,建穴地质条件较好,适合建造储气盐穴库; 江苏淮安等14个盆地的局部地区适合建造天然气储库; 重庆垫江等11个盐矿埋深较大,可以建造储气盐穴库,但建造成本较高; 湖南澧县等21个盐矿埋藏偏浅,应选择更深部的盐层空间建造油气储库。建议在江苏金坛、淮安、赵集和丰县,江西清江和会昌,湖北云应、天门小板和潜江等盐矿地区优先开发利用盐穴。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地油气地质调查新乌地1井钻探工艺技术          下载免费PDF全文

张统得  李正前  蒋炳  罗宏保 《中国地质调查》2014,6(4):58-63

新乌地1井地处塔里木盆地西北缘乌什西构造带,断裂发育,且缺乏邻井参考资料,区域地质调查程度较浅,所钻遇地层复杂,漏失、破碎、缩径等现象时常发生,给钻探施工带来巨大挑战。针对该井井身结构设计缺乏依据、地层极端复杂、事故处理难度大等问题,研发应用了超前裸眼钻进、深厚覆盖层堵漏、井内事故处理和复杂地层冲洗液护壁等多项关键技术,解决了上述各项难题,降低了施工成本,形成了一套适宜于塔里木盆地西南与东南坳陷区复杂地层的小口径油气调查井钻探技术体系,为今后该地区同类钻探施工提供借鉴。  相似文献   

Analysis of hydrogeolgical characteristics and water environmental impact pathway of typical shale gas exploration and development zones in Sichuan Basin,China     

SUN Dong  LIU Xin-ze  YANG Hai-jun  CAO Nan  ZHANG Zhi-peng  CHEN Yin-song  LI Da-meng 《地下水科学与工程》2014,7(3):195-213

Studying the influence of shale gas exploration and development on groundwater environment is the basis of guiding water environment protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development. Groundwater environmental pollution is concealed, complex and persistent. Once it is difficult to control the pollution, the current commercial shale gas development zones in Sichuan Basin that are mostly located in karst areas and highly sensitive to groundwater will be vulnerable to the impact of shale gas exploration and development. Based on the hydrogeological conditions of shale gas exploration and development area and combined with engineering analysis of exploration and development, various risk pathways that may affect the groundwater environment during process of shale gas exploration, mining well construction, mining operations and other stages were identified in this paper. Some existing risk pathways were proved by verification of typical areas and should not be ignored. Based on the actual situation of typical areas, the countermeasures of groundwater environmental protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development in karst areas were discussed. It is believed that the ground-water environment can be better protected by strengthening administration, research and application of new technologies, precise design, hydrogeological conditions, and research and feedback of groundwater environmental protection.  相似文献   

X射线衍射法在天然气水合物研究中的应用   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

刘昌岭  孟庆国 《岩矿测试》2014,33(4):468-479

天然气水合物是一种由气体分子(包括烃类和CO2、H2S等非烃类气体)和水分子在高压低温环境中形成的笼型水合物,主要有Ⅰ型(立方晶体结构)、Ⅱ型(菱形晶体结构)和H型(六方晶体结构)三种晶体结构。研究水合物的结构特征及变化规律,对于认识水合物形成机理、微观动力学、相态转化及水合物样品鉴定等具有重要意义。X射线衍射(XRD)是一种利用X射线照射晶体(或某些非晶态物质)时产生的衍射来研究晶体内部结构(即内部原子排布)的分析技术。该技术应用于天然气水合物研究,不仅能准确获取水合物的结构类型及晶格参数等重要信息,还能观测水合物生成分解的微观动力学过程。本文阐述了XRD技术应用于水合物结构特征研究、水合物生成/分解动力学过程原位观测以及野外水合物样品鉴定等方面的研究进展。已知结构Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型水合物立方晶体的边长分别约为12.0×10-10m和17.3×10-10m,而结构H型水合物六方晶体a轴和c轴的边长分别约为12.2×10-10m和10.0×10-10m,因此,通过XRD技术准确测量水合物晶体的晶格参数,即可判定水合物晶体的结构类型,该技术在国外已应用于海洋和冻土区钻获的天然气水合物样品鉴定并获得结构信息。此外,通过测定不同条件下生成的水合物晶体参数的变化,可研究水合物的结构转换及其影响规律,研究表明混合气体的组成、客体分子体积及直径大小、温度等都对水合物晶体参数及结构产生影响。通过在高压环境下的XRD原位技术,可测定水合物的生成与分解过程中衍射峰的变化,研究水合物生成/分解动力学过程,研究表明水合物生成/分解主要分两个阶段,即在气液(固)表面的快速生成/分解过程及气体分子在液(固)体内部的扩散过程,后一个阶段控制着反应速度。目前,国外在水合物研究中应用XRD技术已相对成熟,而我国才刚刚起步。本文认为,将XRD技术应用到天然气水合物的研究中,可解决水合物的结构类型鉴别及晶格参数测量等基本的科学问题,而且XRD技术与核磁共振、红外光谱、X-CT等分析技术的联用,尚有很大的发展空间,将为天然气水合物相关的理论研究提供强有力的技术支撑。  相似文献   

Assessment of soil–pile–structure interaction influencing seismic response of mid-rise buildings sitting on floating pile foundations     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2014

The role of the seismic soil–pile–structure interaction (SSPSI) is usually considered beneficial to the structural system under seismic loading since it lengthens the lateral fundamental period and leads to higher damping of the system in comparison with the fixed-base assumption. Lessons learned from recent earthquakes show that fixed-base assumption could be misleading, and neglecting the influence of SSPSI could lead to unsafe design particularly for structures founded on soft soils. In this study, in order to better understand the SSPSI phenomena, a series of shaking table tests have been conducted for three different cases, namely: (i) fixed-base structure representing the situation excluding the soil–structure interaction; (ii) structure supported by shallow foundation on soft soil; and (iii) structure supported by floating (frictional) pile foundation in soft soil. A laminar soil container has been designed and constructed to simulate the free field soil response by minimising boundary effects during shaking table tests. In addition, a fully nonlinear three dimensional numerical model employing FLAC3D has been adopted to perform time-history analysis on the mentioned three cases. The numerical model adopts hysteretic damping algorithm representing the variation of the shear modulus and damping ratio of the soil with the cyclic shear strain capturing the energy absorbing characteristics of the soil. Results are presented in terms of the structural response parameters most significant for the damage such as foundation rocking, base shear, floor deformation, and inter-storey drifts. Comparison of the numerical predictions and the experimental data shows a good agreement confirming the reliability of the numerical model. Both experimental and numerical results indicate that soil–structure interaction amplifies the lateral deflections and inter-storey drifts of the structures supported by floating pile foundations in comparison to the fixed base structures. However, the floating pile foundations contribute to the reduction in the lateral displacements in comparison to the shallow foundation case, due to the reduced rocking components.  相似文献   

Proposed nonlinear 3-D analytical method for piled raft foundations     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2014

The load distribution and deformation of piled raft foundations subjected to axial and lateral loads were investigated by a numerical analysis and field case studies. Special attention is given to the improved analytical method (YSPR) proposed by considering raft flexibility and soil nonlinearity. A load transfer approach using p–y, t–z and q–z curves is used for the analysis of piles. An analytical method of the soil–structure interaction is developed by taking into account the soil spring coupling effects based on the Filonenko-Borodich model. The proposed method has been verified by comparing the results with other numerical methods and field case studies on piled raft. Through comparative studies, it is found that the proposed method in the present study is in good agreement with general trend observed by field measurements and, thus, represents a significant improvement in the prediction of piled raft load sharing and settlement behavior.  相似文献   

On the influence of vertical loads on the lateral response of pile foundation     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2014

The influence of vertical loads on the lateral response of group piles installed in sandy soil and connected together by a concrete cap is studied through finite elements analyses. The analyses focus on the five piles in the middle row of 3 × 5 pile groups. The vertical load is applied by enforcing a vertical displacement equivalent to 2% of the pile diameter through the pile cap prior to the application of the lateral loads. The results have shown that the lateral resistance of the leading pile (pile 1) does not appear to vary considerably with the vertical load. However, the vertical load leads to 23%, 36%, 64%, and 82% increase in the lateral resistance of piles 2–5, respectively. The increase in the lateral pressures in the sand deposit is the major driving factor to contribute the change in the lateral resistance of piles, depending on the position of the pile in the group. The distribution of lateral loads among piles in the group tends to be more uniform when vertical loads were considered leading to a more economical pile foundation design.  相似文献