桂西北晚古生代地层中的沉积灰岩墙研究进展   总被引：8，自引：12，他引：8  

彭阳  胡贵昂陆刚章雨旭  乔秀夫 《地质论评》2004,50(6):613-619,i005

桂西北晚古生代地层中近直立的二叠纪、三叠纪沉积灰岩墙与围岩时代相差最大超过80Ma(中二叠统茅口组灰岩墙插入中泥盆统东岗岭组中)，有人推测岩墙至少切穿整个石炭系、是海底扩张造成的巨型张裂隙；有人认为它是古构造间断面上古褶皱轴面裂隙充填。但这两种认识都有无法解释的矛盾。笔者识别出沉积灰岩墙内的变形平行层理和垂直贯入层理为地震灾变事件记录，认为沉积灰岩墙是地震液化沉积物流贯入地裂缝形成，是强地震事件在软硬岩层中的不同响应。同时发现与同沉积断裂伴生的台地边缘角砾岩是震裂岩、并有同期斜坡相塌积砾屑灰岩和盆地浊积岩(夹多层玄武岩)，从而揭示右江盆地内二叠纪—早三叠世火山—构造—地震—沉积系统、并初步解释了沉积灰岩墙成因。沉积灰岩墙表明右江盆地晚古生代有多个地震活跃期，灰岩墙与围岩的时间差标志多期局域构造活动。从而质疑早石炭世一中二叠世“右江盆地为稳定碳酸盐岩台地阶段”，进一步的深入研究将可能引起地层和构造关系的重新调整，进而对右江盆地演化和全球超大陆裂解提出重要证据。  相似文献   

A comparison between subaerial and submarine eruptions at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: implications for the thermal viability of lateral feeder dikes     

Elisabeth A. Parfitt  Tracy K. P. Gregg  Deborah K. Smith 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2002,113(1-2)

Eruption styles on the subaerial East Rift Zone (ERZ) of Kilauea volcano are reviewed and a classification scheme for the different types of eruption is proposed. The various eruption types are produced by differing thermal and driving pressure behaviour in the feeder dikes. Existing evidence is reviewed and new evidence presented of the types and volumes of eruptions on the Puna Ridge, which is the submarine extension of the ERZ. Eruptions on the Puna Ridge fall into the same five classes as, and are of comparable volume to, those on the subaerial ERZ. Evidence is presented which suggests that feeder dikes for Puna Ridge eruptions are more thermally viable than those feeding subaerial eruptions, and this difference causes long-lived, large-volume eruptions to be more common on the Puna Ridge than on the subaerial ERZ. This systematic variation in thermal viability may be due to increased dike width for Puna Ridge dikes or increased pressure gradients driving magma flow. Lateral dike emplacement is common to many basaltic systems including on other Hawaiian volcanoes, in Iceland and at mid-ocean ridges. The systematic trend inferred for the ERZ of Kilauea implies that in the other systems large-volume eruptions may also be more common at great distances than they are close to the magma centre.  相似文献   

综合物探方法在中坊水库坝体隐患勘查中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

龚育龄  汤洪志  王良书  刘庆成  莫撼  郭令智 《水文地质工程地质》2002,29(1):49-51

在江、河、湖堤防及水库坝体隐患的勘查中，物探方法以其轻便、快捷的特点被广泛使用。中坊水库是江西省广昌县境内的一个中型水库，近年来坝体漏水现象较严重。为了查明隐患，本文采用探地雷达、高密度电阻率法、自然电位法和激发极化法等综合物探方法。对坝体进行勘查，基本查清了水库漏水地段及漏水通道位置，取得了良好的勘查效果。  相似文献   

关于辽西北票地区兴隆沟组火山岩时代的再认识   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邵济安  杨蔚 《地质通报》2008,27(6):912-916

针对近年来关于兴隆沟组火山岩同位素年龄及地层归属方面存在的分歧,通过详细的地质填图已查清,近年报道的2组U-Pb同位素年龄均为贯穿兴隆沟组火山-沉积地层的霏细斑岩脉年龄,兴隆沟组地层仍应归属为下侏罗统.  相似文献   

胶东郭城地区脉岩类岩石地球化学特征及成岩构造背景   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

谭俊  魏俊浩  杨春福  冯波  谭文娟  郭大招 《地质学报》2006,80(8):1177-1188

胶东海阳郭城地区高密度、高频率产出多种脉岩类岩石,主要包括辉绿岩(βμ)、煌斑岩(χ)、闪长岩(δ)、闪长玢岩(δμ)、花岗斑岩(νπ)、正长斑岩(ξπ)等,且脉岩与金矿密切伴生。为了探讨该区脉岩的成因、源区性质及成岩构造背景,本文通过岩石学和地球化学研究表明,该区脉岩总体属于钾质钙碱性系列,高Mg、Fe、Al,低Ti,来自深部同一岩浆源区,富集LILE和LREE,相对亏损HFSE,为弥散状角闪石相橄榄岩富集地幔部分熔融作用(9.52%)的产物。成岩过程中岩浆经历了橄榄石、单斜辉石、角闪石等暗色矿物以及少量斜长石的分离结晶作用,岩浆侵位过程中没有受到地壳物质的混染。脉岩形成于大陆板内环境,同时具有大陆弧钙碱性玄武岩的地球化学特征,暗示了在构造背景上与太平洋板块的俯冲作用及晚侏罗世至早白垩世华北地块岩石圈的区域性伸展—减薄机制有关,可能与郯庐断裂带在该时期的左行走滑引张关系更为密切。  相似文献   

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS AND NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF REDUCING SECONDARY FLOWS AROUND A SPUR DIKE     

Xuelin TANG Xiang DING Zhicong CHEN Wenlong WANG 《国际泥沙研究》2006,21(2):145-157

1 INTRODUCTION The Yangtze River at the Three Gorges Project (TGP) site meanders with a complex morphology, including ridges like Jiuling Hill that projects into the approach navigation channel (Fig. 1). The approach navigation channel consists of a 530-m…  相似文献   

橡胶坝导流堤对高桩码头后方流场影响分析     

高洋洋  朱佳慧  王立忠  沃恩海  张卓先 《海洋工程》2021,39(3):95-108

首次提出了采用充水式橡胶坝导流堤对码头后方进行清淤减载的工程方案,并结合实际工程构建了码头后方三维流场数学模型,研究了垂直导流堤、下挑式导流堤、上挑式导流堤、离岸短堤、正八字型导流堤和倒八字型导流堤6种不同拓扑构型的橡胶坝导流堤对码头后方流场的影响,探讨了码头后方瞬时涡量、三维流线拓扑、时均流速及雷诺应力分布随不同型式导流堤的变化规律。研究结果表明,当布置橡胶坝导流堤后,码头后方流场流速会明显增大,其中垂直导流堤和上挑式导流堤挑流效果最为显著。  相似文献   

洋山深水港海域多年来海床冲淤变化及其影响因素分析     

左书华  谢华亮  英晓明  崔成  黄玉新  李怀远  Xie Mingxiao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(7):96-106

海床冲淤变化对港口与航道工程建设非常重要。由于泥沙供给、人类活动和其他等因素的影响,海床冲淤变化非常复杂。洋山深水港是一个新兴的深水港口,是上海国际航运中心重要的组成部分,它的建设引起了各方的广泛关注。目前,洋山水深港一、二、三期港区在潮流运动和定期疏浚下保持着良好的水深。四期港区工程是世界上最大的全自动化深水码头,2017年12月以开港运行。本论文基于大量的地形资料、水文泥沙资料,分析了整个洋山深水港多年来的海床冲淤变化和近期四期工程海域海床冲淤变化。结果显示：1998-2010年整个洋山港区海床冲淤变化表现为较大幅度的冲淤,在洋山主通道内呈现为"南淤北冲"的格局,但是颗珠山汊道一直以来均表现冲刷的趋势;四期港区水域近一些年来也表现为一个冲刷的趋势,多年年均冲刷幅度0.7m左右;讨论了外界泥沙供给、港口工程陆域边界封堵、港池疏浚和由此带来的水流的变化以及泥沙水力特性等因素的对洋山港海域海床冲淤变化的影响,在众多因素中,颗珠山汊道的存在（或保留）对洋山西部水域或四期港区水域冲刷有着积极的作用,它的存在所产生的落潮作用对四期港区的水深维护起到重要的正面影响。  相似文献   

Experimental study on inner slope failure mechanism of seawall by coupling effect of storm surge and wave     

PAN Junning  WANG Shupeng  SUN Tianting  CHEN Maowen  WANG Dengting 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(6):1912-1920

In the context of global climate change,the impact of group-occurring ocean dynamic disasters on China's offshore areas is becoming more and more intense.The study of the effect of existing ocean dynamic disasters on offshore hazard-bearing bodies mostly focuses on the effect of single disaster-causing factors,and it is still insufficient to study storm surge and dynamic wave coupling&reinforcement effects as well as the process of the dynamic response of such hazard-bearing bodies as seawalls.This study firstly realized the synchronous process of water level and wave through continuous tide generation and wave generation by the wave maker and tide generating device,so as to realize the dynamic coupling simulation of storm surge and wave in the laboratory.Then the physical model test of the typical seawall section was carried out under the dynamic coupling of storm surge and wave as well as at a conventional fixed water level respectively.In the process of test wave overtopping discharge and the damage process of the levee crown and backwall of seawalls were observed and compared,and their damage mechanism was also studied.  相似文献   

Validation of an operational forecasting system of sea dike risk in the southern Zhejiang Province,South China     

LI Tao  WANG Fangdong  HOU Jingming  CHE Zhumei  DONG Jianxi 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(6):1929-1940

In this study,an operational forecasting system of sea dike risk in the southern Zhejiang Province,South China was developed based on a coupled storm-surge and wave model.This forecasting system is important because of the high cost of storm-surge damage and the need for rapid emergency planning.A comparison with astronomical tides in 2016 and the validation of storm surges and high water marks of 20 typhoons verified that the forecast system has a good simulation ability.The system can forecast relatively realistic water levels and wave heights as shown under the parametric atmospheric forces simulated in a case study;the sea dikes in credible high risk were mainly located in the estuaries,rivers,and around the islands in the southern Zhejiang.Therefore,the forecast system is applicable in the southern Zhejiang with a support to the effective prevention from typhoon storm-surge damage.  相似文献