Pilot-scale field model tests for detecting landfill leachate intrusion into the subsurface using a grid-net electrical conductivity measurement system     

Myoung?Hak?Oh  Ju?Hyung?Lee  Gil?Lim?Yoon  Junboum?ParkEmail author 《Environmental Geology》2003,45(2):181-189

The grid-net electrical conductivity measurement system for detecting exact locations of landfill leachate intrusion in the subsurface was developed in this study. Laboratory and pilot-scale field model tests were performed to evaluate the direct application of a grid-net electrical conductivity measurement system for the detection of landfill leachate. A significant increase in electrical conductivity of soil was observed by adding landfill leachate. This can be explained as an increase in electrical conductivity of pore fluid due to an increase in leachate constituents as charge carriers. In pilot-scale field model tests, leachate intrusion locations were accurately identified at the initial stage of landfill leachate release by the grid-net electrical conductivity measurement system. The electrical conductivity of the subsurface before leachate injection lay within a small range of 24.8–43.0 S/cm. The electrical conductivity values in detected points were approximately ten times more than the conductivity values of the subsurface without landfill leachate intrusion. The results in this study indicate that the grid-net electrical conductivity measurement method has a possible application for detecting locations of landfill leachate intrusion into the subsurface at the initial stage, and thus has great potential in monitoring leachate leakage at waste landfills.  相似文献   

地下流体短临地震信息的特殊意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

冯绚敏  叶秀薇 《华南地震》1998,18(1):111-115

根据华南地区１０次５级以上震例分析结果,得到了与理论分析一致的认识,即地下流体能灵敏地显示短临地震信息,特别是地震发生的时间信息,但不能较好地显示震中方位信息。然而,短临地震时间信息对于地震短临综合预报及防震减灾决策具有重要意义。  相似文献   

张北—尚义地震前地下流体异常特征分析   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4  

黄辅琼  王吉易 《地震》1998,18(4):358-366

分析了华北北部地区（3～42°N,110～120°E）张北-尚义地震前出现的地下流体各测项异常。研究结果表明：异常数量多,可靠异常达36项,且流体物理异常多于化学异常;异常形态复杂,地震地下流体异常各种形态均有所表现,并以水位的趋势上升异常占优势;中长期、中期和短期异常多,临震异常不突出,震时异常显著;异常时空演化过程中,总体上呈现出异常数量由外围向震中区,由中长期向短期逐渐发展的趋势,但同时也表现出空间分布上此起彼伏,时间进程上时起时落的特征。对沿着NW向构造带出现的一批1994年同步转向上升的长趋势水位异常和水氧上升、下降长趋势异常是否完全由本次张北-尚义地震所引起,还有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

Shallow landslide hazard assessment using a physically based model and digital elevation data   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

M. Borga  G. Dalla Fontana  D. Da Ros  L. Marchi 《Environmental Geology》1998,35(2-3):81-88

 A model for the analysis of topographic influence on shallow landslide initiation is applied to an experimental mountain basin where high-resolution digital elevation data are available: the Cordon catchment (5 km²) located in northern Italy. The model delineates those areas most prone to shallow landsliding due to surface topographic effects on hydrologic response. The model is composed of two parts: a steady-state model for shallow sub-surface runoff and an infinite-slope Coulomb failure model which assumes that the soil is cohesionless at failure. An inventory of landslide scars is used to document sites of instability and to provide a test of model performance by comparing observed landslide locations with model predictions. The model reproduces the observed distribution of landslide locations in a consistent way, although spatial variations in soil strength and transmissivity, which are not accounted for in the model, influence specific distribution of landslide areas within regions of similar topographic control. Received: 15 October 1996 · Accepted: 25 June 1997  相似文献   

隐伏断层活动性分段的汞地球化学标志初探   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王基华  王亮 《地震地质》1996,18(4):409-412

用测汞法对隐伏断层活动性进行分段，并就汞的地球化学标志进行了初步探讨。研究表明，当隐伏断层的上断点埋深较浅（几米～几十米），且该断层上各测线的汞含量背景均值接近时，用测汞法进行断层活动性分段可能是有效的  相似文献   

浅谈地下流体宏观异常的落实     

杨世英  范玉俊  孟彩菊  黄春玲 《山西地震》2003,(2):32-34

落实宏观异常是地震台站的一项重要工作，为了识别宏观异常是否是地震前兆异常，对近年来山西省地震局夏县中心地震台参与落实地下流体异常的工作进行了总结，对地下流体出现的类型、原因等进行了分析。指出，应充分认识落实宏观异常的意义，应根据当时、当地的实际情况分区、分片、分段、分项目地进行宏观异常的分析，这样才能对各类宏观异常做出科学合理的解释。  相似文献   

用相关斜率法初步分析乌鲁木齐04井水位异常特征     

卢静芳  蒋靖祥 《高原地震》1999,(4)

地下流体尤其是地壳深部的地下水 ,当它们形成具有一定封闭条件的承压系统时 ,能灵敏地反映地壳的应力应变状态 ,这种深部承压系统近似一“天然应变仪”,从这个角度出发 ,研究地下水的动态变化与地壳应力应变的关系 ,利用相关斜率分析法 ,探讨相关斜率 K值时空演变序列与地震间的关系 ,得出相关斜率具有较好的映震能力 ,且有短期预报效应  相似文献   

基于GRAIL重力数据的月球深部断裂识别和空间分布研究          下载免费PDF全文

陆天启  陈圣波  朱凯 《地球物理学报》2019,62(8):2835-2844

月球深部断裂是研究月球早期应力场演化和动力机制的一类重要构造.本文基于GRAIL月球重力数据计算了全月布格重力梯度,在此基础上对月球深部断裂进行了全球绘制,共识别月球深部断裂226条.计算了断裂的长度和走向等基本参数,断裂总长度达到37137 km,平均长度为164 km.统计月球深部断裂在不同范围内的分布情况,发现多数断裂分布在月球的中低纬度地区,且北半球的断裂多于南半球.此外,大型月海集中区所在的纬向带断裂分布最多,断裂经向分布最多的区域为风暴洋的西侧.从全球尺度和不同经纬度带绘制断裂走向玫瑰花图,总体上月球全球尺度上的深部断裂表现出NE-SW和NW-SE的优势走向,不同经度带断裂的优势走向变化不明显,但在纬度带上有显著的变化.南北半球的中纬度带和高纬度带具有相同的优势走向,分别为NE-SW和NW-SE、E-W,在低纬度带的优势走向有所差异,分别是南半球的NE-SW和NW-SE以及北半球的N-S.  相似文献   

Petrology and depositional evolution of the Paleozoic rocks of Iraq     

Ali I. Al-Juboury  Aboosh H. Al-Hadidy 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2009

The study integrates petrographical and lithological data from deep exploration wells and outcrops in northern Iraq to better understand the sedimentary environments present in the basin and to evaluate the depositional evolution of the Paleozoic rocks in Iraq. The studied Paleozoic successions are represented by five sedimentary cycles of intracratonic sequences. These are dominated mainly by siliciclastic and mixed sedimentary packages, and are separated by major and minor unconformity surfaces. These cycles are as follow: the Ordovician cycle, represented by the Khabour Formation; the Silurian cycle, represented by the Akkas Formation; the Middle-Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous cycle, represented by the Chalki, Pirispiki, Kaista, Ora and Harur formations; the Permian–Carboniferous cycle, represented by the Ga’ara Formation and late Permian cycle, represented by the Chia Zairi Formation. Generally, the cycles are characterized by siliciclastic and mixed carbonate–clastic facies with abrupt changes during Late Paleozoic reflecting the environmental and tectonic events during this period. The Ordovician Khabour Formation is suggested to be of shallow marine environment of deposition with stacked transgressive and regressive cycles that are eustatically controlled. The shale of Silurian Akkas Formation was deposited in open-marine environment. Depositional regimes in the Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous are considered as a continuation of deposition in the subsiding basin with a wide geographic distribution that reflect the epicontinental or epeiric seas in a homoclinic ramp setting. The Permo-Carboniferous Ga’ara Formation was deposited in continental to paralic environment while the Late Permian Chia Zairi Formation represents the carbonate platform deposition. The study revealed that potential source rocks may include some shale beds of the Khabour Formation, hot shales of Akkas Formation and the shales of Ora Formation. The sandstones of the Khabour, Akkas and Kaista formations have good reservoir potential. The Late Permian carbonates of Chia Zairi Formation may be self-sourcing and contain multiple reservoirs. The occurrence of shale as source rocks and limestone as reservoir rocks and some evaporates as sealing horizons make the formation as a reservoir in its own right.  相似文献   

Borehole temperatures, climate change and the pre-observational surface air temperature mean: allowance for hydraulic conditions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Louise Bodri  Vladimir Cermak 《Global and Planetary Change》2005,45(4):265-276

Joint analysis of surface air temperature series recorded at weather stations together with the inversion of the temperature-depth profiles logged in the near-by boreholes enables an estimate of the conditions existing prior to the beginning of the meteorological observation, the so-called pre-observational mean (POM) temperature.Such analysis is based on the presumption of pure diffusive conditions in the underground. However, in real cases a certain subsurface fluid movement cannot be excluded and the measured temperature logs may contain an advective component. The paper addresses the correction for the hydraulic conditions, which may have perturbed the climate signal penetrating from the surface into the underground. The method accounts for vertical conductive and vertical advective heat transport in a 1-D horizontally layered stratum and provides a simultaneous evaluation of the POM-temperature together with the estimate of the Darcy fluid velocity. The correction strategy is illustrated on a synthetic example and its use is demonstrated on temperature logs measured in four closely spaced boreholes drilled near Tachlovice (located about 15 km SW of Prague, Czech Republic). The results revealed that in a case of moderately advectively affected subsurface conditions (fluid velocities about 10⁻⁹ m/s), the difference between POM-values assessed for a pure conductive approach and for combined vertical conductive/advective approach may amount up to 0.3–0.5 K, the value comparable with the amount usually ascribed to the 20th century climate warming.  相似文献