全文获取类型
收费全文 | 638篇 |
免费 | 72篇 |
国内免费 | 83篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 9篇 |
大气科学 | 5篇 |
地球物理 | 367篇 |
地质学 | 92篇 |
海洋学 | 255篇 |
天文学 | 13篇 |
综合类 | 8篇 |
自然地理 | 44篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 18篇 |
2019年 | 34篇 |
2018年 | 19篇 |
2017年 | 19篇 |
2016年 | 17篇 |
2015年 | 16篇 |
2014年 | 19篇 |
2013年 | 27篇 |
2012年 | 14篇 |
2011年 | 44篇 |
2010年 | 52篇 |
2009年 | 46篇 |
2008年 | 42篇 |
2007年 | 67篇 |
2006年 | 30篇 |
2005年 | 27篇 |
2004年 | 31篇 |
2003年 | 32篇 |
2002年 | 33篇 |
2001年 | 18篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 20篇 |
1998年 | 20篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 16篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 15篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有793条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
41.
ABSTRACT A process‐based facies model for asymmetric wave‐influenced deltas predicts significant river‐borne muds with potentially lower quality reservoir facies in prodelta and downdrift areas, and better quality sand in updrift areas. Many ancient barrier‐lagoon systems and ‘offshore bars’ may be better reinterpreted as components of large‐scale asymmetric wave‐influenced deltaic systems. The proposed model is based on a re‐evaluation of several modern examples. An asymmetry index A is defined as the ratio between the net longshore transport rate at the mouth (in m3 year?1) and river discharge (in 106 m3 month?1). Symmetry is favoured in deltas with an index below ≈ 200 (e.g. Tiber, lobes of the Godavari delta, Rosetta lobe of the Nile, Ebro), whereas deltas with a higher index are asymmetric (e.g. Danube – Sf. Gheorghe lobe, Brazos, Damietta lobe of the Nile). Periodic deflection of the river mouth for significant distances in the downdrift direction occurs in extreme cases of littoral drift dominance (e.g. Mahanadi), resulting in a series of randomly distributed, quasi‐parallel series of sand spits and channel fills. Asymmetric deltas show variable proportions of river‐, wave‐ and tide‐dominated facies both among and within their lobes. Bayhead deltas, lagoons and barrier islands form naturally in prograding asymmetric deltas and are not necessarily associated with transgressive systems. This complexity underlines the necessity of interpreting ancient depositional systems in a larger palaeogeographic context. 相似文献
42.
43.
从原始记录和分量图两方面对山西临汾中心地震台1991年以来的倾斜资料进行了分析,研究了临汾中心地震台地倾斜与省内及周边地区发生的中强地震的关系。结果表明,对1996年至2002年内发生的几次中强地震,临汾中心地震台地倾斜资料都有较好的异常反映。 相似文献
44.
Beamer Rock, a 50-m-wide island in the Firth of Forth, produces a distinctive von Kármán vortex street wake, the characteristics of which depend on the speed and direction of the tidal flow. ADCP (acoustic Doppler current profiler), CTD (conductivity–temperature–depth) and aerial photograph data were collected from the region during flood and ebb tidal flow under neap and spring conditions. Good agreement was found between the observations and the results from a fixed-grid depth-averaged numerical tidal model. The island wake parameter correctly predicted the unsteady nature of the wake, and the Strouhal number (defined in terms of flow past a circular cylinder) was found to give excellent predictions of the wake wavelength when scaled on the island width. Contrary to published results, the study shows that it is possible to accurately simulate an unsteady island wake using a relatively coarse fixed-grid numerical model.Responsible Editor: Jens Kappenberg 相似文献
45.
A model was developed and analyzed to quantify the effect of graded sediment on the formation of tidal sand ridges. Field data reveal coarse (fine) sediment at the crests (in the troughs), but often phase shifts between the mean grain-size distribution and the bottom topography occur. Following earlier work, this study is based on a linear stability analysis of a basic state with respect to small bottom perturbations. The basic state describes an alongshore tidal current on a coastal shelf. Sediment is transported as bed load and dynamic hiding effects are accounted for. A one-layer model for the bed evolution is used and two grain size classes (fine and coarse sand) are considered. Results indicate an increase in growth and migration rates of tidal sand ridges for a bimodal mixture, whilst the wavelength of the ridges remains unchanged. A symmetrical externally forced tidal current results in a grain-size distribution which is in phase with the ridges. Incorporation of an additional external M4 tidal constituent or a steady current results in a phase shift between the grain-size distribution and ridge topography. These results show a general agreement with observations. The physical mechanism responsible for the observed grain-size distribution over the ridges is also discussed.Responsible Editor: Jens Kappenberg 相似文献
46.
Digital elevation models and topographic pro?les of a beach with intertidal bar and trough (ridge‐and‐runnel) morphology in Merlimont, northern France, were analysed in order to assess patterns of cross‐shore and longshore intertidal bar mobility. The beach exhibited a pronounced dual bar–trough system that showed cross‐shore stationarity. The bars and troughs were, however, characterized by signi?cant longshore advection of sand under the in?uence of suspension by waves and transport by strong tide‐ and wind‐driven longshore currents. Pro?le changes were due in part to the longshore migration of medium‐sized bedforms. The potential for cross‐shore bar migration appears to be mitigated by the large size of the two bars relative to incident wave energy, which is modulated by high vertical tidal excursion rates on this beach due to the large tidal range (mean spring tidal range = 8·3 m). Cross‐shore bar migration is also probably hindered by the well‐entrenched troughs which are maintained by channelled high‐energy intertidal ?ows generated by swash bores and by tidal discharge and drainage. The longshore migration of intertidal bars affecting Merlimont beach is embedded in a regional coastal sand transport pathway involving tidal and wind‐forced northward residual ?ows affecting the rectilinear northern French coast in the eastern English Channel. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
47.
David Pritchard 《Ocean Dynamics》2005,55(2):124-136
We present semi-analytical solutions for suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and residual sediment transport in a simple
mathematical model of a short tidal embayment. These solutions allow us to investigate in some detail the characteristic tidal
and semi-tidal variation of SSC and the processes leading to residual sediment transport, including settling and scour lags,
the roles of ‘local’ and ‘advective’ contributions, and the presence of internally or externally generated overtides. By interpreting
the transport mechanisms in terms of the classic conceptual models of settling lag we clarify how these models may be expressed
in mathematical terms. Our results suggest that settling lag is usually a more important process than scour lag, and that
a local model which neglects advection may predict the direction of net sediment transport incorrectly. Finally, we discuss
our results in the context of other transport processes and morphodynamic feedback. 相似文献
48.
Ji-Hoon Kim Jeongho Lee Tae-Jin Cheong Rak-Hyeon Kim Dong-Chan Koh Jong-Sik Ryu Ho-Wan Chang 《Journal of Hydrology》2005,300(1-4):188-198
The purpose of this study is to apply time series analysis to investigate whether the groundwater quality in the coastal area is affected by the tide. Continuous and regular in situ monitoring data of electrical conductivity (EC) and groundwater level, and tidal level data measured by the National Oceanographic Research Institute were used for the time series analysis. Through the time series analysis, it is known that EC and groundwater level conspicuously fluctuate with two periodicities (15.4 and 0.52-day), which is very similar to those of the tide. Also the behaviors of their fluctuations vary in accordance with the tidal period. These indicate that the groundwater quality has been mainly controlled by the tidal level, and the strength of tidal effect on the groundwater quality is different according to the tidal period. 相似文献
49.
The swing of the main channel of the Qiantang River is controlled by the high-water and low-water changes in the river, as well as the impact of large-scale reclamation of tidal flats. Its evolution in modern times is the result of the combined functions of natural and man-made factors. This paper analyzes the cause of the formation of the South Channel and Xisan Tidal Furrow and proposes the regulation principle of “To regulate the river and reclaim tidal flats by taking the advantage of local topography”. It is suggested to cut off the South Channel and Xisan Tidal Furrow completely to restrict the swing of the main channel and to increase the reclamation area of the tidal flat at the same time. 相似文献
50.
Saskia Van Vuren Huib J. De. Vriend Sonja Ouwerkerk Matthijs Kok 《Natural Hazards》2005,36(1-2):81-102
River flooding is a problem of international interest. In the past few years many countries suffered from severe floods. A large part of the Netherlands is below sea level and river levels. The Dutch flood defences along the river Rhine are designed for water levels with a probability of exceedance of 1/1250 per year. These water levels are computed with a hydrodynamic model using a deterministic bed level and a deterministic design discharge. Traditionally, the safety against flooding in the Netherlands is obtained by building and reinforcing dikes. Recently, a new policy was proposed to cope with increasing design discharges in the Rhine and Meuse rivers. This policy is known as the Room for the River (RfR) policy, in which a reduction of flood levels is achieved by measures creating space for the river, such as dike replacement, side channels and floodplain lowering. As compared with dike reinforcement, these measures may have a stronger impact on flow and sediment transport fields, probably leading to stronger morphological effects. As a result of the latter the flood conveyance capacity may decrease over time. An a priori judgement of safety against flooding on the basis of an increased conveyance capacity of the river can be quite misleading. Therefore, the determination of design water levels using a fixed-bed hydrodynamic model may not be justified and the use of a mobile-bed approach may be more appropriate. This problem is addressed in this paper, using a case study of the river Waal (one of the Rhine branches in the Netherlands). The morphological response of the river Waal to a flood protection measure (floodplain lowering in combination with summer levee removal) is analysed. The effect of this measure is subject to various sources of uncertainty. Monte Carlo simulations are applied to calculate the impact of uncertainties in the river discharge on the bed levels. The impact of the “uncertain” morphological response on design flood level predictions is analysed for three phenomena, viz. the impact of the spatial morphological variation over years, the impact of the seasonal morphological variation and the impact of the morphological variability around bifurcation points. The impact of seasonal morphological variations turns out to be negligible, but the other two phenomena appear to have each an appreciable impact (order of magnitude 0.05–0.1 m) on the computed design water levels. We have to note however, that other sources of uncertainty (e.g. uncertainty in hydraulic roughness predictor), which may be of influence, are not taken into consideration. In fact, the present investigation is limited to the sensitivity of the design water levels to uncertainties in the predicted bed level. 相似文献