地震台阵滤波及子台分布对聚束效果的影响(Ⅱ)——子台分布及聚束效果的分析          下载免费PDF全文

刘旭  朱元清  佟玉霞 《地震工程学报》2003,25(4):293-297

本假设对于确定的相关系数及子台间距存在一个相干波长，将不同频率、震中距的相关性变化的原因归纳为视波长的变化．对近事件而言，几乎不存在相关系数十分理想的子台间距的区间范围．对非理想相关的台阵，应用S．Mykkeltveit等介绍的增益公式来预测台阵的增益，其效果与实际情况吻合的较好．论述了区域台阵与侦察远处事件的台阵有诸多不同之处．  相似文献   

Distribution of L_g coda Q in the Chinese continent and its adjacent regions     

丛连理  胡家富  傅竹武  温一波  康国发  吴小平 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2003,46(6)

In continent Lg is usually one of the predominant phases recorded by short-period or broad-band seismometers. A ray-theoretical approach shows that Lg wave is the superposition of higher-mode surface waves propagating in the continental crust[1—4]. The g…  相似文献   

The development of Nemurella pictetii Klapálek (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) in two springstreams in central Europe     

Andrei Nesterovitch  Peter Zwick   《Limnologica》2003,33(4):231-243

From April 1997 to June 1998 Nemurella pictetii populations were regularly sampled in two springstreams at 220 and 850 m a.s.l., respectively, in Hesse (Germany), at approximately 51°N. Random samples of larvae were taken at three week intervals during the vegetation period, and once a month during winter. Sex, instar, body length, head capsule width and wing pad length of all larvae were recorded. Temperatures were recorded every hour, temporal patterns of temperature agreed closely between sites. Mean winter lows were 3.9 °C at both sites, the mean summer high was 11.9 °C at the lower site, as opposed to 9.6 °C at the mountain site.At both sites, adult emergence started in May. At the mountain site, recruitment started in late July and continued into autumn. There was cohort splitting in the young generation. Some individuals grew rapidly until October–November, but last instar larvae first appeared in March the next year. 1600 degree-days above 0 °C were accumulated during complete development. At the lower site, recruitment began in early July, and cohort splitting also occurred. Fast growing summer recruits emerged as adults in late August, having accumulated only 700 degree-days (above 0 °C). Their offspring hatched in November-December and emerged the next spring, having accumulated also only 700 degree-days. However, only part of the population was bivoltine. Many of the summer recruits grew more slowly and accumulated close to 1900 degree days until they emerged the next spring, together with the offspring of their own fast-growing siblings. Dependence of growth rate on temperature could not be estimated and appears to vary with daylength. For example, 3–6 °C support growth and development provided daylength exceeds 10 hrs of light, or is rising.At both sites and in all cohorts individuals emerging earliest were larger than later emerging ones. The size decline is significantly correlated with number of days after the winter solstice. For the first time it is shown that the decline does not occur shortly before adult emergence but actually takes place several instars before the last. Size differences are then carried on, and amplified, during subsequent molts, until adulthood. The literature presently relates seasonal size declines of insects to high or rising temperatures experienced by larvae approaching adulthood. Our data show that, at least in Nemurella, this explanation fails. On average, females were distinctly larger than males. Differences in mean last instar size were noticed also between sites and years. They remain presently unexplained. The mean sex ratio in both populations was close to 1:1.  相似文献   

Optimum multiple tuned mass dampers for structures under the ground acceleration based on the uniform distribution of system parameters     

Chunxiang Li  Yanxia Liu 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(5):671-690

The five MTMD models, with natural frequencies being uniformly distributed around their mean frequency, have been recently presented by the first author. They are shown to have the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio (more precisely, for a given mass ratio there is an upper limit on the total number, beyond which the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio occurs). In this paper, the eight new MTMD models (i.e. the UM‐MTMD1～UM‐MTMD3, US‐MTMD1～US‐MTMD3, UD‐MTMD1 and UD‐MTMD2), with the system parameters (mass, stiffness and damping coefficient) being, respectively, uniformly distributed around their average values, have been, for the first time here, proposed to seek for the MTMD models without the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio. The structure is represented by the mode‐generalized system corresponding to the specific vibration mode that needs to be controlled. Through minimization of the minimum values of the maximum dynamic magnification factors (DMF) of the structure with the eight MTMD models (i.e. through the implementation of Min.Min.Max.DMF), the optimum parameters and values of Min.Min.Max.DMF for these eight MTMD models are investigated to evaluate and compare their control performance. The optimum parameters include the optimum mass spacing, stiffness spacing, damping coefficient spacing, frequency spacing, average damping ratio and tuning frequency ratio. The six MTMD models without the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio (i.e. the UM‐MTMD1～UM‐MTMD3, US‐MTMD1, US‐MTMD2 and UD‐MTMD2) are found through extensive numerical analyses. Likewise, the optimum UM‐MTMD3 offers the higher effectiveness and robustness and requires the smaller damping with respect to the rest of the MTMD models in reducing the responses of structures subjected to earthquakes. Additionally, it is interesting to note, by comparing the optimum UM‐MTMD3 with the optimum MTMD‐1 recently investigated by the first author, that the effectiveness and robustness for the optimum UM‐MTMD3 is almost identical to that for the optimum MTMD‐1 (without inclusion of the optimum MTMD‐1 with the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio). Recognizing these performance benefits, it is preferable to employ the optimum UM‐MTMD3 or the optimum MTMD‐1 without the near‐zero optimum average damping ratio, when installing the MTMD for the suppression of undesirable oscillations of structures under earthquakes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

System identification of linear structures based on Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis. Part 2: Complex modes     

Jann N. Yang  Ying Lei  Shuwen Pan  Norden Huang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(10):1533-1554

A method, based on the Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis, has been proposed by the authors to identify linear structures in which normal modes exist (i.e., real eigenvalues and eigenvectors). Frequently, all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of linear structures are complex. In this paper, the method is extended further to identify general linear structures with complex modes using the free vibration response data polluted by noise. Measured response signals are first decomposed into modal responses using the method of Empirical Mode Decomposition with intermittency criteria. Each modal response contains the contribution of a complex conjugate pair of modes with a unique frequency and a damping ratio. Then, each modal response is decomposed in the frequency–time domain to yield instantaneous phase angle and amplitude using the Hilbert transform. Based on a single measurement of the impulse response time history at one appropriate location, the complex eigenvalues of the linear structure can be identified using a simple analysis procedure. When the response time histories are measured at all locations, the proposed methodology is capable of identifying the complex mode shapes as well as the mass, damping and stiffness matrices of the structure. The effectiveness and accuracy of the method presented are illustrated through numerical simulations. It is demonstrated that dynamic characteristics of linear structures with complex modes can be identified effectively using the proposed method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

高浓度黏性泥石流堆积层理结构中筛积层和粗化层形成机理的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王裕宜  詹钱登  韩文亮  邹仁元 《沉积学报》2003,21(2):205-210

根据高浓度黏性泥石流的观测资料,应用不同类型黏性泥石流的流变特性和流体结构的分类指标-流核比,对高浓度黏性泥石流堆积中的混杂层、筛积层和粗化层理结构进行了成因差异分析。侧重分析了砾石质点在高浓度黏性泥石流蠕动流场中作向上垂直运动的魏森伯效应,并在表面富集形成了筛积层的成因,及其它与粗化层结构的区别。  相似文献   

地史过程中烃源岩有机质丰度和生烃潜力变化的模拟计算   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

卢双舫薛海涛  钟宁宁 《地质论评》2003,49(3):292-297

在同时考察源岩中有机质因生、排烃而损失和无机质因成岩作用而失重的基础上，模拟计算了地史过程中，随有机质类型、初始有机质丰度、成熟度及排烃效率的改变，烃源岩有机质丰度和生烃潜力的变化，探讨了有机碳恢复系数及生烃潜力损失率的可能变化范围。结果表明，地史过程中，有机质生烃潜力和有机质丰度的变化主要取决于源岩的生、排烃效率，对性质偏差的有机质，有机质的实测丰度随演化程度的增高不降反升；而对位于高成熟阶段的优质有机质，有机碳的恢复系数可达2以上；随有机质类型变好和成熟度升高，生烃潜力损失率增高；一般情况下，有机质生烃潜力的恢复幅度比有机质丰度的恢复大得多。  相似文献   

时间谱电阻率法中的剩余电磁效应研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

昌彦君  罗延钟  彭复员 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2003,33(1):92-95

根据频谱激电（SIP）法或复电阻率（CR）法中研究剩余电磁（REM）效应的思想，通过分析时间谱电阻率（TSR）法中场的基本特征，在TSR法中建立了与SIP（或CR）法中参数Φmax/Φ0max相类似的参数－Emax/E0，用来描述了TSR法中的REM效应。通过对一维可极化大地模型的REM效应的理论计算，验证了用Emax/E0表示的REM异常可用来形象地反映地电断面电阻率的高低。  相似文献   

利用GPS位移和主应力方向观测资料进行川滇地区边界力的联合反演研究     

独知行  刘经南 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2003,28(2):162-166,176

在简要介绍了川滇地区的构造格局和构造运动特征的基础上，讨论了不同观测数据同时用于反演的合理性和物理意义，利用1998～2000年观测的9个测点位移数据和1986年以前所测的10个主应力方向数据，将边界力和相对权比λ作为待反演参数，并考虑了主要活动断裂运动特性，进行了弹性有限元数值反演计算。计算结果表明，现今川滇地区的构造活动主要力源仍来源于印度板块与欧亚大陆的碰撞，菲律宾海板块的挤压作用也不可忽略，这一结论说明了该地区现今构造运动的继承性活动特征。  相似文献   

煤田火区烧变岩光谱特征分析及其信息提取   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

祝善友  韩作振  张光超 《国土资源遥感》2003,14(2):55-58

中国北方煤田煤层自燃现象非常严重.利用遥感手段可以快速实现火区的动态监测,及时为灭火工程提供信息.烧变岩作为火区的地表指示性特征,是火区解译最直观的信息.本文从烧变岩的反射光谱曲线特征入手,对几种提取烧变岩信息的方法进行比较,从而确定解译烧变岩的最佳方法,为圈定火区的范围和位置奠定基础.  相似文献