Lithology-derived structure classification from the joint interpretation of magnetotelluric and seismic models     

P. A. Bedrosian  N. Maercklin  U. Weckmann  Y. Bartov  T. Ryberg  O. Ritter 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,170(2):737-748

Magnetotelluric and seismic methods provide complementary information about the resistivity and velocity structure of the subsurface on similar scales and resolutions. No global relation, however, exists between these parameters, and correlations are often valid for only a limited target area. Independently derived inverse models from these methods can be combined using a classification approach to map geologic structure. The method employed is based solely on the statistical correlation of physical properties in a joint parameter space and is independent of theoretical or empirical relations linking electrical and seismic parameters. Regions of high correlation (classes) between resistivity and velocity can in turn be mapped back and re-examined in depth section. The spatial distribution of these classes, and the boundaries between them, provide structural information not evident in the individual models. This method is applied to a 10 km long profile crossing the Dead Sea Transform in Jordan. Several prominent classes are identified with specific lithologies in accordance with local geology. An abrupt change in lithology across the fault, together with vertical uplift of the basement suggest the fault is sub-vertical within the upper crust.  相似文献   

Trajectory-based modelling of broad-band electromagnetic wavefields     

D. W. Vasco 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,168(3):949-963

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Upper-mantle structure of the Baltic Shield below the Swedish National Seismological Network (SNSN) resolved by teleseismic tomography     

Tuna Eken  Z. Hossein Shomali  Roland Roberts  Reynir Bödvarsson 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,169(2):617-630

Upper-mantle structure under the Baltic Shield is studied using non-linear high resolution teleseismic P -phase tomography. Observed relative arrival-time residuals from 52 teleseismic earthquakes recorded by the Swedish National Seismological Network (SNSN) are inverted to delineate the structure of the upper mantle. The network consists of 47 (currently working) three-component broad-band stations located in an area about 450 km wide and 1450 km long. In order to reduce complications due to possible significant three-dimensionality of Earth structure, events chosen for this study lay close to in-line with the long-axis of the array  (±30°)  . Results indicate P -wave velocity perturbations of ±3 per cent down to at least 470 km below the network. The size of the array allows inversion for structures even at greater depths, and lateral variations of velocity at depths of up to 680 km appear to be resolved. Below the central part of the array (60°–64° N), where ray coverage is best, the data reveals a large region of relatively low velocity at depths of over about 300 km. At depths less than about 250–300 km, the models include a number of features, including an apparent slab-like structure dipping gently towards the north.  相似文献   

2D magnetic resonance tomography applied to karstic conduit imaging   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

J.-F. Girard  M. Boucher  A. Legchenko  J.-M. Baltassat 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2007,63(3-4):103-116

Karstic conduits play a crucial role for water supply in many parts of the world. However, the imaging of such targets is generally a difficult task for most geophysical methods. Magnetic Resonance Sounding (MRS) is a geophysical method designed for imaging of water bearing structures. Initially, MRS was developed for characterizing horizontally stratified aquifers. However, when applying a 1D MRS measuring setup to the imaging of 2D–3D targets, the size of which may be much smaller than the loop, the accuracy and the lateral resolution may not be sufficient. We have studied the possibility of simultaneously processing several MRS aligned along a profile to perform a Magnetic Resonance Tomography (MRT). This work emphasizes the gain of resolution for 2D–3D imagery of MRT versus the interpolation of 1D inversion results of MRS along the same profile. Numerical modelling results show that the MRT response is sensitive to the size and location of the 2D target in the subsurface. Sensitivity studies reveal that by using the coincident transmitting/receiving (TX/RX) setup and shifting the loop around the anomaly area, the depth, section and position of a single karstic conduit with a size smaller than the MRS loop size can be resolved. The accuracy of the results depends on the noise level and signal level, the latter parameter being linked to the depth and volume of the karstic conduit and the water content in the limestone matrix. It was shown that when applying MRT to the localization of 2D anomalies such as karstic conduits, the inclination of the geomagnetic field, the orientation of the MRT profile and the angle of crossover of the conduit by the MRT profile must be taken into account. Otherwise additional errors in interpretation should be expected. A 2D inversion scheme was developed and tested. Both numerical and experimental results confirm the efficiency of the developed approach.  相似文献   

Crust and Upper Mantle Structure in the Caribbean Region by Group Velocity Tomography and Regionalization     

O'Leary González  Leonardo Alvarez  Mariangela Guidarelli  Giuliano F. Panza 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2007,164(10):1985-2007

An overview of the crust and upper mantle structure of Central America and the Caribbean region is presented as a result of the processing of more than 200 seismograms recorded by digital broadband stations from SSSN and GSN seismic networks. Group velocity dispersion curves are obtained in the period range from 10s to 40s by FTAN analysis of the fundamental mode of the Rayleigh waves; the error of these measurements varies from 0.06 and 0.09 km/s. From the dispersion curve, seven tomographic maps at different periods and with average spatial resolution of 500 km are obtained. Using the logical combinatorial classification techniques, eight main groups of dispersion curves are determined from the tomographic maps and eleven main regions, each one characterized by one kind of dispersion curves, are identified. The average dispersion curves obtained for each region are extended to 150s by adding data from a larger-scale tomographic study (Vdovin et al., 1999) and inverted using a nonlinear procedure. A set of models of the S-wave velocity vs. depth in the crust and upper mantle is found as a result of the inversion process. In six regions we identify a typically oceanic crust and upper mantle structure, while in the other two the models are consistent with the presence of a continental structure. Two regions, located over the major geological zones of the accretionary crust of the Caribbean region, are characterized by a peculiar crust and upper mantle structure, indicating the presence of lithospheric roots reaching, at least, about 200 km of depth.  相似文献   

Seismic,petrologic, and geodetic analyses of the 1999 dome-forming eruption of Guagua Pichincha volcano,Ecuador     

Alexander Garcia-Aristizabal  Hiroyuki Kumagai  Pablo Samaniego  Patricia Mothes  Hugo Yepes  Michel Monzier 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2007

Guagua Pichincha, located 14 km west of Quito, Ecuador, is a stratovolcano bisected by a horseshoe-shaped caldera. In 1999, after some months of phreatic activity, Guagua Pichincha entered into an eruptive period characterized by the extrusion of several dacitic domes, vulcanian eruptions, and pyroclastic flows. We estimated the three-dimensional (3-D) P-wave velocity structure beneath Guagua Pichincha using a tomographic inversion method based on finite-difference calculations of first-arrival times. Hypocenters of volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes and long-period (LP) events were relocated using the 3-D P-wave velocity model. A low-velocity anomaly exists beneath the caldera and may represent an active volcanic conduit. Petrologic analysis of eruptive products indicates a magma storage region beneath the caldera, having a vertical extent of 7–8 km with the upper boundary at about sea level. This zone coincides with the source region of deeper VT earthquakes, indicating that a primary magma body exists in this region. LP swarms occurred in a cyclic pattern synchronous with ground deformation during magma extrusions. The correlation between seismicity and ground deformation suggests that both respond to pressure changes caused by the cyclic eruptive behavior of lava domes.  相似文献   

一种层析成像的正演和反演方法   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

杨旭明  王克斌 《物探化探计算技术》2002,24(4):337-340

作者在本文中提出了一种层析成像的正演和反演方法，首先对求解区作网络划分，由给定的正演速度模型在网格点上双线性插值，获得整个网格节点的速度分布，然后，对波阵面作一近似，在此基础上，用最小走时最短路径射线追踪法完成正演，反演则是通过正演的方法实现的，理论模型算例表明，本方法效果较好。  相似文献   

应用高分辨CT（HRCT）扫描弥补腔隙诊断之不足     

王甦  李鹏  李力  钟清君 《CT理论与应用研究》2001,10(2):21-23

目的：应用高分辨CT（HRCT）扫描方法，增加对头颅腔隙梗塞诊断的可靠性，材料和方法：对临床疑有腔隙的病人，在基底节区及可疑部位加用HRC扫描，遇到腔隙病灶与像素颗粒难以区分时在相同层面或上下1－2mm处做HRCT扫描。结果，有489例常规CT正常的病例哪现了腔隙灶，在遇到的502例不易诊断的可疑病灶中，经HRCT确诊的真正腔隙灶300例，伪腔隙（像素）202例，同时发现HRCT对正常脑组织结构的显示要较常规CT越得多，结论HRCT不仅能提高腔隙性梗塞的检出率，还能辨伪腔隙，是弥补常规CT对腔隙诊断不足的较好手段。  相似文献   

电磁波层析成像在绵阳污水处理工程场地勘探中的应用     

何强  赖敏  钟国平  黎小刚 《四川地震》2001,1(1):32-35

电磁波层析成像(CT)是一种新的地球物理勘探方法，不仅勘探精度高，而且还具有快速、省钱的优点，本文叙述了电磁波层析成像技术的基本原理、工作方法及污水处理工程场地的勘探实例。最终以二维图像的形式直观、清晰地重现地下介质的构造形态，为工程场地地基安全稳定性评价提供重要依据。  相似文献   

Is Iceland underlain by a plume in the lower mantle? Seismology and helium isotopes     

G. R. Foulger  D. G. Pearson 《Geophysical Journal International》2001,145(3):F1-F5

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