利用连分式定义瞬变电磁法全区视电阻率研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

翁爱华  陆冬华  刘国兴 《煤田地质与勘探》2003,31(3):56-59

介绍了一种新的全区视电阻率计算方法。该方法利用连分式迭代求解非线性方程技术,直接对均匀半空间电偶源瞬变电磁法观测的垂直磁场与电阻率的非线性方程直接求解。利用该数值方法对层状介质进行了理论计算。数值计算结果表明,采用连分式方法可直接求出反映地电断面结构的瞬变电磁法全区视电阻率。   相似文献   

The Volume Calculation Method of Rock Collapses and Loess Landslides Triggered by the 1556 AD Huaxian M8 1/2 Earthquake in Shaanxi Province, China     

ZHANG Yanbo  XU Yueren  DU Peng  LI Wenqiao  CHEN Lize  TIAN Qinjian 《中国地震研究》2020,34(4):599-616

Accurate volume calculation of each individual landslide triggered by strong historical earthquakes can help understand the characteristics of the typical earthquake-induced landslides, thus providing significant information for the modification of the focal parameters of historical earthquakes. In this study, we select one rock fall and three loess landslides triggered by the 1556 AD Huaxian M8 1/2 earthquake, compute their volumes using the low-altitude high-precision Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and landslide profile restoration methods. The results show that:① the whole influencing area of the Huangjiagou Rock Fall is approximately 3.03×10⁵ m² and the area of the collapsed rock accumulated at the slope foot is 3.33×10⁴ m², accounting for approximately 10% of the entire influencing range. However, the estimated volume of the collapsed rock is only 0.699×10⁶ m³, indicating a rock fall with large influencing range but limited collapsed rock; ② the geological form of thethree loess landslides are preserved intactly, with volumes of 0.283×10⁸ m³, 0.074×10⁸ m³, and 0.377×10⁸ m³. These important geological hazard relics reflect the strong vibrations and severe casualties in the meizoseismal area; ③ loess landslides are the key reason of the serious death toll in the hilly-gully loess area. Our new method can be used to estimate the influencing area and the actual volume of each individual landslide, and rationally evaluate the role of earthquake landslides in the disaster. In addition, quantitative research on secondary disasters triggered by strong historical earthquakes is beneficial for understanding the surface process and focal parameters of the earthquakes.  相似文献   

青岛胶州湾沉积物痕量元素黄铁矿化程度及其剖面类型   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

叶思源  武强  钟少军  周永青  鲁静 《地球科学》2006,31(2):175-181

为了探索青岛近海不同沉积环境下不同痕量元素的黄铁矿化规律, 2003年5月潜水员潜入海底采集了4个不同沉积环境的未扰动柱样, 并利用Huerta-Diaz and Morse (1990)连续提取技术测试分析了沉积物痕量金属的不同存在形式(活性态和黄铁矿结合态) 在垂直剖面上的分布规律.结果表明: 除了在涨潮三角洲上部沉积和潮下带沉积物柱子的Cd和Cr外, 痕量元素的黄铁矿化度的增高取决于其相应剖面上的DOP的增高; 并且不同痕量元素向黄铁矿中转移的规模存在着较大的差别, 即元素As、Hg和Mo转移的规模最大, Cu、Zn、Cd、Cr、Co和Ni中等, Pb和Mn最小; 此外, 还进一步揭示了河流三角洲沉积物的下部各元素的黄铁矿化程度高, 而潮下带沉积物以及涨潮三角洲沉积物低.最后指出在河口水下三角洲进行的清淤工作应注意黄铁矿结合态痕量元素的活化而产生生物有效的毒性元素.   相似文献   

混合像元聚集指数研究及尺度分析     

麻庆苗  李静  刘强  柳钦火 《遥感学报》2012,16(5):895-908

本文提出了一种新的混合像元聚集指数计算方法。该方法基于高分辨率遥感数据,采用方向孔隙率公式和线性混合模型相结合的方法,详细描述了混合像元内部由于植被覆盖度(FVC)、端元聚集指数以及叶倾角分布等引起的尺度差异。利用模拟数据进行初步敏感性分析,将计算得到的混合像元聚集指数与所占面积比例最大的端元聚集指数进行比较,结果表明端元聚集指数的不均一性对计算结果影响最大,由此得到的混合像元聚集指数较最大面积端元聚集指数下降了55%;植被覆盖度的不均一性影响次之,可使聚集指数降低43%;植被叶倾角分布(G函数)的空间异质性影响最小,约12%。敏感性分析的结果同时也证明了对于空间异质性较强的混合像元进行尺度差异修正的必要性。利用本文中提出的混合像元聚集指数方法有望在提高低分辨率叶面积指数反演中发挥重要作用。  相似文献   

辽东湾氮、磷和COD环境容量的数值计算   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

刘浩  尹宝树 《海洋通报》2006,25(2):46-54

一个原始方程海洋环流模式(POM)被用来模拟辽东湾环境动力场,同时用有限容积方法对描述氮、磷、COD等污染物输运过程的对流扩散方程进行离散,提高了计算精度和效率。通过对仙人岛海域四个采样点的实测浓度和相应点上的计算浓度的比较分析,并结合试验数据确立了适合辽东湾污染物浓度研究的降解系数;在此基础上进一步对各种污染物进行为期一年投放的数值实验,初步估算了各种污染物在辽东湾的保有容量、经过开边界的交换率以及非保守过程(磷、COD)的削减率。  相似文献   

An active wave generating–absorbing boundary condition for VOF type numerical model     

Peter Troch  Julien De Rouck 《Coastal Engineering》1999,38(4):2145

The objective of the present work is to discuss the implementation of an active wave generating–absorbing boundary condition for a numerical model based on the Volume Of Fluid (VOF) method for tracking free surfaces. First an overview of the development of VOF type models with special emphasis in the field of coastal engineering is given. A new type of numerical boundary condition for combined wave generation and absorption in the numerical model VOFbreak² is presented. The numerical boundary condition is based on an active wave absorption system that was first developed in the context of physical wave flume experiments, using a wave paddle. The method applies to regular and irregular waves. Velocities are measured at one location inside the computational domain. The reflected wave train is separated from the incident wave field in front of a structure by means of digital filtering and subsequent superposition of the measured velocity signals. The incident wave signal is corrected, so that the reflected wave is effectively absorbed at the boundary. The digital filters are derived theoretically and their practical design is discussed. The practical use of this numerical boundary condition is compared to the use of the absorption system in a physical wave flume. The effectiveness of the active wave generating–absorbing boundary condition finally is proved using analytical tests and numerical simulations with VOFbreak².  相似文献   

掏土挤淤在某建筑物纠偏治理中的应用     

殷宝斌 《江苏地质》1999,23(2):115-117

通过对某倾斜建筑物的纠偏扶正处理,介绍了掏土挤淤纠偏法的作用机理、现场应用过程等,并从技术、经济等角度作了总结。  相似文献   

Development of a unified oil droplet size distribution model with application to surface breaking waves and subsea blowout releases considering dispersant effects     

Zhengkai Li  Malcolm Spaulding  Deborah French McCay  Deborah Crowley  James R. Payne 《Marine pollution bulletin》2017,114(1):247-257

An oil droplet size model was developed for a variety of turbulent conditions based on non-dimensional analysis of disruptive and restorative forces, which is applicable to oil droplet formation under both surface breaking-wave and subsurface-blowout conditions, with or without dispersant application. This new model was calibrated and successfully validated with droplet size data obtained from controlled laboratory studies of dispersant-treated and non-treated oil in subsea dispersant tank tests and field surveys, including the Deep Spill experimental release and the Deepwater Horizon blowout oil spill. This model is an advancement over prior models, as it explicitly addresses the effects of the dispersed phase viscosity, resulting from dispersant application and constrains the maximum stable droplet size based on Rayleigh-Taylor instability that is invoked for a release from a large aperture.  相似文献   

Estimating growing-season root zone soil moisture from vegetation index-based evapotranspiration fraction and soil properties in the Northwest Mountain region,USA     

Nawa Raj Pradhan 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(7):771-788

A soil moisture retrieval method is proposed, in the absence of ground-based auxiliary measurements, by deriving the soil moisture content relationship from the satellite vegetation index-based evapotranspiration fraction and soil moisture physical properties of a soil type. A temperature–vegetation dryness index threshold value is also proposed to identify water bodies and underlying saturated areas. Verification of the retrieved growing season soil moisture was performed by comparative analysis of soil moisture obtained by observed conventional in situ point measurements at the 239-km² Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed, Idaho, USA (2006–2009), and at the US Climate Reference Network (USCRN) soil moisture measurement sites in Sundance, Wyoming (2012–2015), and Lewistown, Montana (2014–2015). The proposed method best represented the effective root zone soil moisture condition, at a depth between 50 and 100 cm, with an overall average R² value of 0.72 and average root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.042.  相似文献   

胶州湾浮游植物初级生产力粒级结构及固碳能力研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

傅明珠  王宗灵  李艳  李瑞香  吕瑞华  孙萍  夏滨 《海洋科学进展》2009,27(3)

根据2006年3月-2007年2月逐月对胶州湾浮游植物分粒级初级生产力的调查研究,分析了该海湾初级生产力的季节变化和空间分布、粒级结构特征以及碳流途径,计算了胶州湾浮游植物光合作用固碳量以及其对富营养化物质氮、磷的净化能力.结果表明:胶州湾的初级生产力平均为408.8 mgC*m-2d-1,存在明显的季节差异和空间分布的不均匀性;微微型浮游植物(Picophytoplankton)对总初级生产的贡献率最高(42.14%),小型浮游植物(Microphytoplankton)和微型浮游植物(Nanophytoplankton)贡献率相当(分别为27.81%和30.03%);浮游植物光合作用固定的碳超过50%通过微食物环再向高营养级传递并入经典食物链,微食物环在胶州湾生态系统碳循环中具有重要作用;胶州湾海域每年通过浮游植物光合作用固碳量为52 809.1 tC,按照Redfield比值(C∶N∶P=106∶16∶1)每年吸收N和P的量值分别为9 299.7 t和1 287.0 t,浮游植物对大气CO2的吸收及对富营养化物质的净化均具有重要作用.  相似文献