我国地震预报的战略建议与思考     

骆鸣津  池顺良 《大地测量与地球动力学》2000,20(1):89-94

讨论了我国地震预报面对的问题和困难。认为只有加强以形变为主的前兆观测 ,才能作出地震的短临预报。目前前兆观测的主要问题在于可信度差 ,应把重点放在仪器探头上 ,只有探头提供的信息“源”可靠了 ,后续的采集、传输、预报的“流”才会有坚实的基础。我国现在建立以形变为主的前兆台网的技术条件已经成熟 ,建议建立全国高精度的高、中、低频衔接的前兆物理信息观测网络。  相似文献   

中国地壳运动观测网络中的GPS数据流     

许永江  郑贵明  顾国华 《大地测量与地球动力学》2000,20(4):50-56

介绍了中国地壳运动观测网络中的 GPS数据结构 ,对 GPS及其他观测数据的数据转换、数据传输、数据处理、管理及数据共享等工作流程作了详细说明。  相似文献   

Fostering Environmental Sensitivity by Observing Everyday Environments     

Minsung Kim 《The Journal of geography》2019,118(4):157-168

This study examined the effects of observing and reflecting on everyday environments in the development of environmental sensitivity, defined as a holistic capability composed of predisposition, knowledge, and behavior subdimensions. We encouraged participants to use diverse sources, such as texts, photographs, and animation, to record their observations and thinking. As a result, the activity in this study was beneficial in enhancing students’ environmental sensitivity. Students’ mean scores on the environmental sensitivity questionnaire improved, and their reflective journals reported increased interest in everyday environments, enhanced knowledge about diverse environmental elements, and strengthened will to act pro-environmentally. The usefulness of the geospatial platform was also reported.  相似文献   

A spatiotemporal calculus for reasoning about land-use trajectories   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Adeline Marinho Maciel  Gilberto Camara  Lubia Vinhas  Michelle Cristina Araújo Picoli  Rodrigo Anzolin Begotti  Luiz Fernando Ferreira Gomes de Assis 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(1):176-192

Earth observation images are a powerful source of data about changes in our planet. Given the magnitude of global environmental changes taking place, it is important that Earth Science researchers have access to spatiotemporal reasoning tools. One area of particular interest is land-use change. Using data obtained from images, researchers would like to express abstractions such as ‘land abandonment’, ‘forest regrowth’, and ‘agricultural intensification’. These abstractions are specific types of land-use trajectories, defined as multi-year paths from one land cover into another. Given this need, this paper introduces a spatiotemporal calculus for reasoning about land-use trajectories. Using Allen’s interval logic as a basis, we introduce new predicates that express cases of recurrence, conversion and evolution in land-use change. The proposed predicates are sufficient and necessary to express different kinds of land-use trajectories. Users can build expressions that describe how humans modify Earth’s terrestrial surface. In this way, scientists can better understand the environmental and economic effects of land-use change.  相似文献   

北斗GEO卫星载波相位单差观测值的周期性分析     

周韬  邓兴升 《测绘工程》2019,28(4):29-33

高精度的卫星定位测量中,由于卫星在测站上空的重复周期性运动,周期性误差是影响测量精度的重要误差源。恒星日滤波利用周期性误差的特点,提取前一天的周期性误差来改正后一天的定位结果,可滤波处理诸如多路径误差。本文从北斗GEO卫星载波相位观测值站间单差的角度来探讨其周期性特点,通过前后两天站间相位单差观测值进行对比,采用相关性分析方法,验证北斗GEO卫星载波相位单差观测值的周期性特征。  相似文献   

CCD astrometric observations of 2017 VR12, Camillo and Midas     

Zhen-Jun Zhang  Yi-Gong Zhang  Xiang-Ming Chen  Jian-Cheng Wang  Jie Su 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2019,(5):91-100

We have observed three near-Earth objects(NEOs), 2017 VR12, Camillo and Midas, during 2018.The observations were made with the 1-m telescope, operated by Yunnan Observatories, over two nights.Their precise astrometric positions are derived from 989 CCD observations. The theoretical positions of asteroids are retrieved from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory(JPL) Horizons System and Institut de M′ecanique C′eleste et de Calcul des ′Eph′em′erides(IMCCE). The positions of three asteroids are measured with respect to stars in the Gaia DR2 star catalog. For 2017 VR12, the means(O-C) of right ascension and declination are -0.090′′and-0.623′′respectively based on the published JPL ephemeris, but the corresponding means(O-C) are 3.122′′and-0.636′′based on the published IMCCE ephemeris. The great difference in declination could be explained by several factors.(1) The degraded CCD images caused by the fast apparent motion of the objects lead to a reduction in positioning accuracy.(2) The poor timing system may introduce systematic errors, especially in the high speed direction.(3) The asteroid may be perturbed by Earth when it approaches the Earth too closely. These astrometric results demonstrate that the centroid centering method can reduce the dispersion of non-Gaussian images as compared with the PSF modeling method.For Camillo and Midas, the astrometric results are consistent based on the two ephemerides. Implementing a high-precision timing system, and analyzing some astronomical effects and geometric distortions in CCD images should be carefully considered in future works.  相似文献   

雷达遥感六十年：四个阶段的发展   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

郭华东  张露 《遥感学报》2019,23(6):1023-1035

雷达遥感问世60年来已经历了4个阶段的发展,其在对地观测中的作用正日益凸显,已经广泛应用于不同领域。4个阶段分别是单波段单极化阶段,多波段多极化阶段,极化和干涉阶段,以及以双/多站或星座、高时序高分宽幅、3维成像为代表的新阶段。本文结合作者长期在雷达遥感领域的研究经历,总结和回顾了雷达遥感的阶段发展和具有里程碑式的代表性技术;从观测技术、数据处理和应用角度阐述了新阶段雷达遥感的发展趋势,以及雷达遥感与人工智能和大数据结合的思考;最后着眼未来,介绍了月基雷达对地观测平台的前瞻性研究。  相似文献   

大别山及其周边现今垂直形变研究     

宋尚武  王庆良  郝明  周琳  刘立炜  胡亚轩 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(1):32-35

基于1980年、2005年和2015年3期区域精密水准网观测资料,利用线性动态平差模型计算获取大别山地区水准网长期垂直运动速度场图像。研究发现,淮河平原地表下沉较为严重,大别山呈现弱隆升趋势运动,长江谷地边缘地区较大别山区呈现明显的隆升运动。跨郯庐断裂带水准剖面结果显示,垂直运动与地形呈负相关和弱相关。  相似文献   

霾观测判识标准定量化对雾霾观测记录的影响     

杨志彪  陈冬冬  徐向明 《气象科技》2014,42(2):198-203

为研究霾观测判识标准定量化对雾霾观测记录的影响,选取2006—2012年湖北省18个基准站、基本站和一般站三类国家级地面气象观测站的资料,对已记录和按照相对湿度判识标准统计的雾、轻雾和霾天数进行分析,结果表明:判识标准定量化将使霾的观测记录明显增多,轻雾和雾观测记录略有减少,霾和轻雾观测记录将更趋合理,就湖北省而言,相对湿度在80%~95%之间,应以轻雾和雾为主;通过定时观测时次的能见度、相对湿度,以及日天气现象记录,可以得到历年按照相对湿度判识标准统计的霾和轻雾天数,实现对历史资料序列的订正,形成判识标准改变前后均一化的月年资料序列。判识标准定量化后,不能机械的硬套判识指标,观测员仍需熟练掌握轻雾和霾以及其他视程障碍现象的成因和特征,避免相对湿度在霾观测判识标准上下波动、轻雾处于消散过程阶段,轻雾与霾的频繁转记。  相似文献   

广州地区酸雨长期变化趋势分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王志春 《气象科技》2014,42(5):922-927

根据1992—2012年的酸雨观测记录,对广州地区的酸雨变化特征及其长期趋势进行了统计分析。结果表明,近21年,广州地区酸雨年、季、月变化明显,降水年均pH最低出现在1998年,其年均pH为3.43,最高出现在2012年,其年均pH为4.65。降水pH大体经历了两个阶段,1998年以前降水pH呈现波动式下降,平均变化率约为-0.14a-1,1999年后降水pH逐年增大,特别是2009年后降水pH稳步增长,平均变化率约为0.03a-1;春季酸雨污染严重,夏、秋季次之,而冬季酸雨污染相对较轻;各月降水pH均较低,pH最高月出现在12月,平均值为4.36,2月pH最低,为3.95。在污染源稳定的情况下,降水强度影响pH,降水量增大时,降水pH越高,降水电导率K也越低;风速越大,降水pH则越高,降水电导率K则越小,酸雨发生频率也越小;风向影响降水pH,出现偏西风时,酸雨污染相对严重。  相似文献